I'm trying to build busybox from sources.
I use last NDK as toolchain.
I started building it from original sources checked out from official busybox's git. Some small fixes with includes/declarations and stuff. Didn't finish fixing these problems.
And found out that cyanogenmod already has it with fixes I made for my build, but wrapped in __BIONIC__ define.
I decided to build it from cyanogenmod git (http://github.com/cyanogen/android_external_busybox) cause it looks like it already solved all that small build problems.
But I can't invoke make properly.
It has Android.mk, If I invoke usual
Code:
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE="arm-eabi-" CFLAGS="-I/home/astar/android/android-ndk-r4/build/platforms/android-8/arch-arm/usr/include"
it doesn't use Android.mk makefile and fails with those small problems.
But if I invoke it with -f Android.mk It fails with error
Code:
$ make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE="arm-eabi-" CFLAGS="-I/home/astar/android/android-ndk-r4/build/platforms/android-8/arch-arm/usr/include" -f Android.mk
cat: /busybox-full.sources: No such file or directory
make: *** CC=cc: No such file or directory. Stop.
cat: /busybox-full.links: No such file or directory
cat: /busybox-minimal.sources: No such file or directory
make: *** CC=cc: No such file or directory. Stop.
looking inside Android.mk i think, that it fails with setting LOCAL_PATH. Setting it manually inside Android.mk doesn't help.
Can anyone point me to proper guide/howto?
How do You build busybox?
I have really little knowledge about building parts of Android system, but I think that you can't build it using makefile directly. When you are building Android system, then building process begins with some initialization, macros are defined, etc. and then makefiles of subprojects are called. This is why you get errors - you run makefile of busybox directly, but building process isn't initialized properly.
On the other hand NDK does this initialization when you are building native application, but you don't use NDK properly. NDK apps aren't build using regular make command.
There's three build systems for android:
SDK - Java
NDK - C/C++
android-sources - unixy stuff
You might need the android-sources rather than NDK to build busybox. To do that you'll need to download the sources then source the build/envsetup.sh then run "mm" in the directory that has your Android.mk
I have some instructions here (for dropbear, not busybox, but should be similar):
http://teslacoilsw.com/dropbear
Check the Building section.
[email protected] said:
I have some instructions here (for dropbear, not busybox, but should be similar):
http://teslacoilsw.com/dropbear
Check the Building section.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thank you very much. It is the magic I was looking for (crap, I spent 10 hours trying to find out how to do it):
Code:
export TOP=/path/to/android-sources
source "$TOP/build/envsetup.sh"
mm
I managed to build AOSP with java 1.6. Check this patch if you're interested in.
I tried to build cm's busybox with AOSP but it fails (I expected that). Currently I'm getting cm sources. Hope that it'll be ok.
Do you know if I have to build whole tree before external utils (=busybox)? Cause when I tried to do it before aosp build it failed with make dependencies.
The following contains binaries, and instructions for use of an experimental newer toolchain than those included in the android pre-built package.
This is provided to allow existing linux kernel developers experiment with the updated version of GCC (besides the complicated building instructions the code just has a small patch for a known issue with android and 4.6.* otherwise is directly from GNU (see build information below)
The packages I'm also providing to help developers current on windows (With cygwin but no other virtual environment) to start exploring android Linux kernel development for their devices. (In addition to a OSX toolchain for more advanced mac users)
due to the slight differences between kernels on different devices this How To is intended to be used for advanced users who can adjust for the differences required for the devices specific kernel.
I may add additional guides to this thread if I find a need for them.
[size=+1]Binary Toolchains[/size]
I have two versions of a GCC-4.6.3 toolchain
1) For x86 linux: toolchain-4.6.3.tar.bz2 (Sha1: c8c57aba6ad92e9acddf29ba8620ba880be09a81)
2) For Cygwin (windows): toolchain-4.6.3.cygwin.tar.bz2 (Sha1: 6947e1c1ba95195019f542eb8ba0708667b63eca)
3) For OSX (mac/darwin): toolchain-4.6.3.darwin.tar.bz2 (Sha1: 9a977f0672863fdd9501383a6ad1e30723281f68)
[size=-1]> The linux version was built via this script: http://pastebin.com/b2dZ8YtG (or in the included toolchain_notes.txt)
> The cygwin/darwin version uses the same source however has a slightly modified script (see the included toolchain_notes.txt for the updated script)[/size]
[size=+1]System Requirements[/size]
Note I have a 64bit debian linux box, and a 64bit version of WIndows7 Pro running cygwin, while I believe these binaries ought to be compatible with all x86 linux and cygwin installs these have not been tested by a wide number of people yet.
> Linux users: If you have a working android build environment likely no additional requirements are needed. In addition you must build any kernel/android utilities from a case sensitive filesystem or disk image.
> OSx users: the cygwin packages will give you an idea of what is required, please also see the README in the tar.bz2 about manually installing elf.h
> Cygwin users: as its unlikely you have compiled a kernel with cygwin up to this point you may wish to ensure the following packages are installed (as well as any cygwin recommends to be used with them):
vim
vim-common
make
cmake
lzop
gcc
gcc-core
gcc-g++
wget
git
git-compleation
libncurses-devel
python
Cygwin users must also set their NTFS file partition to allow case sensitive files:
To do this open regedit and change:
HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\kernel\obcaseinsensitive
to 0
after this reboot and the NTFS kernel will allow cygwin to use case sensitive files (ie 'AbC' and 'aBc' as two different files)
[size=+1]Advanced Kernel Building Guide[/size]
Since may devices are slightly different this can only be a high level kernel building guide
Please ask for any specific directions from the current kernel maintainer.
To most people who have built kernels before this will look familiar, the most important part is preparing your local environment to use the new toolchain,
1) If you have not already download the tar.bz2 above, (pick the one for the computer you are preparing to build kernels on)
2) extract the file (for the sake of this guide I will assume it is extracted into a ~/android directory)
ie on cygwin you might:
mkdir -p ~/android
cd ~/android
tar -xjvf toolchain-4.6.3.cygwin.tar.bz2
Note: steps one and two are just properly installing the toolchain, you will not need
to repeat them to build a different kernel.
2.b) OSX Only: check elf.h
open ~/android/toolchain-4.6.3/README in a text editor and check if elf.h is installed, otherwise manually install it as per the readme
3) fetch your kernel source into the ~/android directory and change into the
source codes root directory
(this can be via a git repo or tarball)
example if you wanted my ACER a100/a500 source you might run:
git clone git://github.com/ezterry/AcerTabKernel.git
cd AcerTabKernel
change this to match the source you are fetching
4) In the root directory of the kernel source (~/android/AcerTabKernel in the about a100/a500 example) update the environment for the cross compiler
add the toolchain to your path:
export PATH=$HOME/android/toolchain-4.6.3/bin:$PATH
set the cross compile:
export ARCH=arm
export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-androideabi-
export KERNEL_DIR=`pwd`
(this will need to be done once for each terminal you use to run any of the following make commands)
5) Grab your configuration
From the device:
adb pull /proc/config.gz
gzip -dc config.gz > .config
or from a prepared configuration if it's included in your code base by running
make _defconfig
example for the a100/a500 code base is 'make vangogh_defconfig' for the a100 and 'make picasso_defconfig' for the a500
6) Customize configuration
just run menuconfig and use the UI to update settings
make menuconfig
7) building the kernel (zImage)
This is normal at this point with 'make -j'
so for a quad core CPU you can run
make -j5
(note: the wrong number in the -j argument will not harm the build but may slow down the building process by either using too few threads or needing to keep track of too many)
8) If it worked you will now have the kernel in arch/arm/boot/zImage
this can be injected into the boot.img (as the kernel, using an existing ramdisk) as is
If it failed for your kernel your kernel source may need one of the common patches
9) Building modules
the following will prepare the modules in subdirectory mod:
make modules
rm -rf mod
mkdir mod
cp `find ./ | grep .ko$` modules.order mod/
After these commands [if no errors] you can simply copy the contents of mod/ to /system/lib/modules on your device, note it is recommended usually to remove the existing contents of /system/lib/modules unless there is a closed source module required from the previous build despite the new kernel.
[size=+1]Common Patches Required[/size]
If your kernel has not been built for the new toolchain or on cygwin before you may require some of these common patchs: (I've thus far only tested this on my Acer A100/A500 source)
wireless/bcm4329 for GCC-4.6.3:
https://github.com/ezterry/AcerTabKernel/commit/123f32e27e2c74f1c1789ae5d6d5a1c04e1e264c
linux kernel module patch for cygwin (broken elf.h):
https://github.com/ezterry/AcerTabKernel/commit/220db49593cf6b9f3b556e2f4b75b2f6d3ff556c
Error compiling security/smc/bridge_pub2sec.S (I required the cygwin elf patch and this patch to build the Franco galaxy nexus kernel)
0001-Fix-build-error-with-4.6.3-toolchain-smc-0.patch
(use 'git am 0001-Fix-build-error-with-4.6.3-toolchain-smc-0.patch' to apply)
OSX stat patches (fixes errors between GNU and BSD stat):
https://github.com/ezterry/AcerTabKernel/commit/0c49df3cc1a05a0ccd98201511cdc0534aaeb35a
Errors loading newly built modules (modules appear to build cleanly but wont install):
simply add -fno-pic to CFLAGS_MODULE
https://github.com/ezterry/AcerTabKernel/commit/c5ed0fcb014d36936a86ad253f15af43de2f644a
(I can add others here if highlighted to me, and as I find them)
[size=+1]Other Toolchain uses[/size]
The linux toolchain can be used to build android components, however this requires various manipulation to the android /build git repository as currently various other toolchains have hard coded paths into the prebuilt repo. If you intend to incorporate this into your build it may be best to inject the toolchain into your prebuilt repo rather than expect your users to download the links above, ensure to keep the compile notes as it explains how to get the source code to the toolchains)
On cygwin/osx it may also be possible to build android applications however I've not yet tested this as the scripts to make a proper build are complex when attempted outside the android build tree.
Excellent!!! thanks Man!!! Has been looking for one of these
Added in the OSX version of the toolchain (and some related patches)
Also if you are having problems with your modules built with this toolchain a CFLAG fixes it. (see note in common patches)
FINALLY!!! Great Instructions followed them to the T and BAM got my kernel compiled!!!
wow your toolchain is so small, many thanks, just compiled a kernel for my LG P500 gonna test it, thanks again
Bookmarked for testing when I wake up...
I can almost put: "Building under Windows is not currently supported." (quote from google), unofficially at least, out of my mind...
I have been spoiled by Windows for far too long I fear, my attempt for this last week at getting Linux setup and building CM9 has been nothing but a complete FAILURE, too many single line entrys for different distributions/package combo's, commands I dont know and cant find because of wildcard portions of them and lack of understanding, and not enough scripts like the wonderful Compile CM9 script someone put up (cant run it because all the pre-req's arent setup).
Good god Ill be jumping for joy if this works tomorrow on WinBlows!
EDIT: never mind, problem solved, what I need to know now won't be solved here
I wish i knew how to go about doing this..
Thanks
Thanks For ........... i Really need It .........
Hammerfest said:
Bookmarked for testing when I wake up...
I can almost put: "Building under Windows is not currently supported." (quote from google), unofficially at least, out of my mind...
I have been spoiled by Windows for far too long I fear, my attempt for this last week at getting Linux setup and building CM9 has been nothing but a complete FAILURE, too many single line entrys for different distributions/package combo's, commands I dont know and cant find because of wildcard portions of them and lack of understanding, and not enough scripts like the wonderful Compile CM9 script someone put up (cant run it because all the pre-req's arent setup).
Good god Ill be jumping for joy if this works tomorrow on WinBlows!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If you succeed tell me how to do it in a more familiar way
I get errors regading the processor not being supported?
brfield said:
I get errors regading the processor not being supported?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Sorry I can't support devs that have not learned cut copy and paste.
You probably forgot to export some of the environment variables or are just trying to run a arm binary on your PC and or a x86 binary on your arm device.
But why am I guessing? Why don't we know what you tried to run and what the actual text of the error was.. what type of kernel you tried to build, what you are running?
These packages are for developers if you feel like using them its time to learn to how to trouble shoot a problem and write a ticket to explain said problem clearly to others with at least some information to give us a chance to understand.
Sent from my Galaxy Nexus using Tapatalk 2
Great guide. Have the bcm4329 wireless module, so followed the tips and everything compiled and works!
Thanks!
one question,how to compiled android kernel with -O3 optimization?
jxxhwy said:
one question,how to compiled android kernel with -O3 optimization?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Um, in general its recommended you don't:
-O3 is not recommended for the kernel as many low level parts require the assembly code generated to remain as is and not be optimized as will be by some of the options -O3 enables thus likely reducing the stability of your kernel.
---
That said the menuconfig has an option to optimize for size (-Os) if enabled else -O2
For other optimization (including tuning for your cpu) you can add them to the CFLAGS_KERNEL/CFLAGS_MODULE in the make file.)
For -O3 like functionality you could add the increment to the line:
-finline-functions, -funswitch-loops, -fpredictive-commoning, -fgcse-after-reload, -ftreel-vectorize, -ftree-partial-pre and -fipa-cp-clone
-Ofast is -O3 with -ffast-math as well
If you do build with all the -O3 or-Ofast options ensure you test the kernel for stability and run some benchmarks. (as it may not actually be faster depending on the cache misses)
The first option I'd start pruning was the one mentioned in my reference below -fgcse-after-reload.
If you really insist on -O3 rather than just adding the optimization you want that are not in O2,it can be added also in the Makefile where the configure flag is checked and its added to KBUILD_CFLAGS
Obviously all and any of this is at your own risk, anything that breaks you have to find a way to fix it.
Reference:
Gcc optimize options:
http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Optimize-Options.html
Talk of O3 and the kernel (not android specific)
http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/1597/compiling-gnu-linux-with-o3-optimization
ezterry,thank you very much!
I want to build cm9 kernel using toolchain 4.6.3.
How to replace the default GCC 4.4.3 to 4.6.3 version?
BTW,I use the way -- make bootimage
jxxhwy said:
ezterry,thank you very much!
I want to build cm9 kernel using toolchain 4.6.3.
How to replace the default GCC 4.4.3 to 4.6.3 version?
BTW,I use the way -- make bootimage
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If you are asking in a cm9 build tree.. its a pain, best is to update the cm kernel makefile to point the build chain temporarily.
If you mean just to compile by hand as described in the op
Once the kernel is compiled find an anykernel update.zip or manually use mkbootimg or fastboot to merge it with the ram disk. Cm9 targets mkbootimg and unpackbootimg (if I'm not mistaken) will build the applications to unpack your current (or the default cm9) boot image and re-create them with your custom kernel built from hand.
Now,I runing script file:
#Let's make sure the environment is clean and ready to compile the kernel
echo "Cleaning house!!"
make mrproper
echo "House cleaned, lets build a kernel!!!"
#
# Lets set the kernel defconfig
echo "defconfig = cyanogenmod_iprj_defconfig"
make ARCH=arm cyanogenmod_iprj_defconfig
#
# Let's build a kernel
echo "Now compiling kernel, go get a soda! "
ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=~/Android/sourcecm9/cm9/toolchain-4.6.3/bin/arm-linux-androideabi- make zImage -j4
#
if [ -f arch/arm/boot/zImage ]; then
echo "Plague has been compiled!!! You can find it in arch/arm/boot/zImage"
else
echo "Kernel did not compile, please check for errors!!"
fi
but,I got some error output:
/home/xxx/cm9/toolchain-4.6.3/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-ld: cannot find usr/initramfs_data.o: No such file or directory
thanks again!!!
I think that means there is an issue with your config..
Most android kernels require initramfs, but don't specify a file, as its provided by the bootloader.. However in your case it is trying to embed it into the kernel.
Sent from my A500 using Tapatalk 2
ezterry said:
I think that means there is an issue with your config..
Most android kernels require initramfs, but don't specify a file, as its provided by the bootloader.. However in your case it is trying to embed it into the kernel.
Sent from my A500 using Tapatalk 2
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
issue has been resolved by myslef.Thanks for your time.
hi,
I'm wondering if someone can help me with compiling android from source. I've set up the build environment as described here: http://developer.android.com/guide/index.html
and downloaded the CM sources via repo.
the biggest question that I have at the moment is, how do I merge the code from our devs with the CM sources and then start compiling the whole thing? e.g. if I downloaded CM10 and want to merge it with marcellusbe's git development files..
I'm a bit confused about all the shell scripts in the CM sources..
do I need the kernel sources? or can I use for example one of the flashable zip files?
maybe someone can lead me through this step by step, or make a step by step tutorial, which would be great.
I do have linux experience but I'm not really into development stuff.
thanks in advance
sharukins said:
hi,
I'm wondering if someone can help me with compiling android from source. I've set up the build environment as described here: http://developer.android.com/guide/index.html
and downloaded the CM sources via repo.
the biggest question that I have at the moment is, how do I merge the code from our devs with the CM sources and then start compiling the whole thing? e.g. if I downloaded CM10 and want to merge it with marcellusbe's git development files..
I'm a bit confused about all the shell scripts in the CM sources..
do I need the kernel sources? or can I use for example one of the flashable zip files?
maybe someone can lead me through this step by step, or make a step by step tutorial, which would be great.
I do have linux experience but I'm not really into development stuff.
thanks in advance
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
1. Download sources from CM
Code:
# mkdir cm10
# cd cm10
cm10 # repo init -u git://github.com/CyanogenMod/android.git -b jellybean
cm10 # repo sync -j4
2. Take my cm10 device config from git and put it in device/samsung folder. It is not updated yet with all the fixes but good to start compiling.
there are problems in compiling with external/valgrind and external/regex-re2 : thanks to aaa801, he gave me link to a valgrind patch that solves the compile failure for armv6.
For regex-re2, for now, just delete the folder.
then you can compile jellybean :
Code:
cm10 # . build/envsetup.sh
cm10 # lunch
You're building on Linux
Lunch menu... pick a combo:
1. full-eng
2. full_x86-eng
3. vbox_x86-eng
4. mini_armv7a_neon-userdebug
5. mini_armv7a-userdebug
[B]6. cm_apollo-userdebug[/B]
7. full_panda-userdebug
8. cm_grouper-userdebug
9. cm_maguro-userdebug
10. cm_toro-userdebug
11. cm_toroplus-userdebug
Which would you like? [full-eng] [B]6[/B]
cm10 # make -j4
Jellybean needs modifications in the initial ramdisk ... I can provide you the kernel until I upload the changes to github.
providing the kernel would be great
but I can wait until you upload the latest changes and fixes, too
Hi, I'm trying to compile the Nexus 4 kernel from the sources following the android.developers tutorial:
http://source.android.com/source/building-kernels.html
And also this guides:
[Tutorial] Building Your First Kernel: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1748297
Getting Started: Building a Kernel from source: http://xda-university.com/as-a-developer/getting-started-building-a-kernel-from-source
My goal is to learn to compile from AOSP, but I'm failing hard. After doing this step:
Code:
$ git clone https://android.googlesource.com/device/lge/mako-kernel
And after downloading the sources:
Code:
$ git clone https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/msm.git
All I get is a "kernel" file (without extension) and a folder .git folder. Inside that folder there aren't the files I assume I need, because I can't do "make mako_defconfig" as there isn't such file.
I don't know what I'm doing wrong as I'm not getting the files I need, althought download was nearly 1GB (I think they should be like this android tree):
https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/msm.git/+/android-msm-mako-3.4-jb-mr1.1
I'll appreciate your help, and sorry if this is the wrong section. Thanks in advance.
PS: I forgot, I already have the toolchain 4.6 and know how to call it, I tried it after clonning the trinity kernel git, I just wonder why I don't get similar files when clonning mako kernel from google source.
I solved it. I had to add the desired branch to the end of the command:
$ git clone https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/msm.git -b "brand"
Doubt is solved, thread can be closed.
Hi guys!
I wrote this guide because after a few month of kernel development i found useful tools and tricks than helped me a lot and speeded up my work and i want to share with you this knowledge.
Setup computer and download sources
Code:
Minumum reqirement:
* C knowledge
* Ubuntu 12.04 or higher, 32 bit or 64 bit (13.10 if you want use Kdevelop + linux kernel plugin)
* Internet connection, possibly fast and unlimited
* the boot.img of the ROM you want to support with your kernel (AOSP, SENSE etc etc...)
* [URL="http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2519416"]zImage switcher[/URL]
NOTE:
Some toolchains dont work on 32 bit. Using 64 bit is recommended.
Install required package:
Linux 12.04;
Code:
sudo apt-get install -y build-essential kernel-package libncurses5-dev bzip2 bin86 libqt3-headers libqt3-mt-dev wget libncurses5 git-core nautilus-open-terminal
linux 13.10(and above):
Code:
sudo apt-get install -y build-essential kernel-package libncurses5-dev bzip2 bin86 qt4-dev-tools wget libncurses5 git-core nautilus-open-terminal
and restart your PC.
Download Source:
Go to /home/, create a new folder called "kernel", and enter in that folder.
right click somewhere in "kernel" folder and select "open terminal here" (CooL AH?)
and run
Code:
git clone https://github.com/pawitp/android_kernel_samsung_i9082.git -b cm-11.0
Download the toolchain
There are a lot of toolchain, stock, linaro optimized, based on gcc 4.7, based on gcc 4.8 the choice is yours! in this tutorial we use google gcc 4.8 toolchain.
NOTE:
this toolchain below will not work with 32 bit. Use the arm-eabi-4.4.3, from the ndk toolchains, and if you need any help on its path, or anything, reply in this thread.
Go to /home/, create a new folder called "toolchains", and enter in that folder.
right click -> open terminal here
Code:
git clone https://android.googlesource.com/platform/prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/arm/arm-eabi-4.8
Build the kernel
Build the kernel:
in this part we will work in "/home//kernel/android_kernel_samsung_i9082" folder, i'll call it
go to "/arch/arm/configs" and copy "cyanogenmod_i9082_defconfig" to
rename cyanogenmod_i9082_defconfig to ".config"
open a terminal window in
type:
Code:
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=/home/toolchains/arm-eabi-4.8/bin/arm-eabi- > compileLog
and the compilation will start.
Some explanation:
"ARCH=arm" tells to compiler what arch the kernel is made for
"CROSS_COMPILE=xxxxxx" tells to "make" the compiler to use
"> compileLog" saves all the messages in a file called compileLog, it's easier to read than terminal window
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Pack the kernel to boot.img:
Unpack zImage switcher somewhere, i'll call that folder .(for 32 bit, download both 64 bit and 32 bit and copy the files "mkbootfs" "mkbootimg" from tools folder of 32 bit one and replace these files with the files in tools folder of 64 bit one)
copy the stock boot.img and your zImage in the folder , you can find it in /arch/arm/boot.
run the script
Code:
./repack.sh
now in there's a new file called newBoot.img, that's your kernel!
to find the modules (*.ko files) open a teminal windows to and type
Code:
find ./ -name "*.ko" -exec cp {} <absolute/path/destination/folder> \;
now you have the boot.img and the modules, download a custom kernel and use the flashable zip to make your flashable zip, just replace the modules and the boot.img!
Add featuresAdd features to kernel:
"Woah! i'd like to add smartass v2 governor and sio i/o scheduler to my kernel"
First you need to find a git repository that contains smartass v2 governor and sio i/o scheduler, then the commit that added the governor and sio i/o scheduler.
for example https://github.com/akiratoriyama/an...mmit/6a43329a08ec0282e951049ae15a497b121aa8ef
Open a terminal window in
type:
Code:
git remote add akiratoriyama https://github.com/akiratoriyama/android_kernel_samsung_i9082.git -b experimental
git fetch akiratoriyama
git cherry-pick 6a43329a08ec0282e951049ae15a497b121aa8ef
NOTE:
I have used akiratoriyama's github as reference. If you want to add any other features,like f2fs or frandom module, you can ask the dev to help you or you can simply cherry-pick the code. Remember to thank everyone you borrowed the code from and mention them in your thread, whenever you release your kernel.
in termial window type:
Code:
make ARCH=arm xconfig
will open a new window where you can configure your kernel's features
press ctrl+f (find) and serach for "smartass2" and "sio" and tick the checkbox. save clicking the floppy disk in upper left corner.
the modified configuration file will be saved in ".config"
now we can build the kernel again, but first type
Code:
make ARCH=arm clean CROSS_COMPILE=/home/toolchains/prebuilts_gcc_linux-x86_arm_arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-
this will remove all the compiled files of previous build.
View git commits historyyou can easly view all the commits in your repo:
open a terminal window in and type
Code:
gitk
will open a GUI where you can see all the commits, what files were modified for each commit, the author of the commit.
you can also revert commits.
There are other GUI for git, i also like "gitg"
Hacking the kernel
suggested by @pirlanofor easy work on kernel sources, add features & co. you can use kdevelop + linux kernel plugin, here is a guide
http://www.gnurou.org/code/kdevelop-kernel
and a video guide:
http://video.linux.com/videos/kernel-browsing-and-hacking-using-kdevelop
NOTE: for linux kernel plugin ubuntu 13.10 is required
CREDITS:
@rmbq, this is his guide. I just modified and compiled it especially for our device. Thanks,rmbq.
this guide only applies to kk based kernels. if you want to build a stock kernel,just download sources of 4.2 and start building!!!
If you have any doubts or questions,dont hesitate to reply in this thread.
Thanks for using my github as reference but I'd like to recommend my last 2 commits for adding smartassH3 to be included in this guide as they were clean and more proper IMO. This+k2wl's guide will help newbies to compile a kernel.
akiratoriyama said:
Thanks for using my github as reference but I'd like to recommend my last 2 commits for adding smartassH3 to be included in this guide as they were clean and more proper IMO. This+k2wl's guide will help newbies to compile a kernel.
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But I just used those commits as reference. If users think that these commits are not proper, they can revert them and use your smartassh3 commit.
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