Phone crashing and restarting, now dead - OnePlus 6T Questions & Answers

EDIT: solved with 6T MsmDownloadTool V4.0 (OOS 9.0.5).
Thanks a lot.
I have 6T only 2 days.
When received, I updated to latest ROM, and start restoring data via OnePlus Switch app. Phone crashed, not even hour I start to use it.
I unlocked Bootloader, root it with TWRP and Magisk.
Many crashes without reason, when in pocket, laying on table, without launching any app.
Now it's dead.
Evening when I went to sleep, 70% battery, morning it was dead as brick. And it do not start charging, no reaction.
Anybody has similar experience?
Any advice?

Brzi999 said:
I have 6T only 2 days.
When received, I updated to latest ROM, and start restoring data via OnePlus Switch app. Phone crashed, not even hour I start to use it.
I unlocked Bootloader, root it with TWRP and Magisk.
Many crashes without reason, when in pocket, laying on table, without launching any app.
Now it's dead.
Evening when I went to sleep, 70% battery, morning it was dead as brick. And it do not start charging, no reaction.
Anybody has similar experience?
Any advice?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
at least on OP6,with magisk installed, there was a bug when charging. It didn't charge switched off.
try do enter EDL mode and use msmdownloadtool to get back to stock

Thanks for advice, but how to? Phone is off, not reacting to Power button, or Volume- and power.
An not charging.
I do not know how to wake it up.
EDIT:
Seems at least via TOOL ALL IN ONE it is detected when connected to PC.
And EDL mode available there. Thanks a lot for aiming me to right direction.

Brzi999 said:
Thanks for advice, but how to? Phone is off, not reacting to Power button, or Volume- and power.
An not charging.
I do not know how to wake it up.
EDIT:
Seems at least via TOOL ALL IN ONE it is detected when connected to PC.
And EDL mode available there. Thanks a lot for aiming me to right direction.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Try to enter EDL Mode. Open MSMDownloadtool https://forum.xda-developers.com/oneplus-6t/how-to/tool-6t-msmdownloadtool-v4-0-oos-9-0-5-t3867448 and connect device to PC/Laptop. Then press combination for Fastboot Mode by holdong Vol UP+Power and DON'T RELEASE them until MSMdownloadTool detects the device. Then just press START on MSMdownloadTool

Strange. I saw my phone in adb mode via TOOL ALL IN ONE.
I disconnected phone to follow your advice with MSMdownloadTool. But phone is not detected at all.
And worse, now also in TOOL ALL IN ONE it is not detected. It connects, visible on USB list.
On device manager, OnePlus is listed under Universal Serial Buss Controllers, but not under Ports (COM & LPT).
I reinstalled drivers, but no help.
Still the same. When connecting phone to PC, sound as device connected, it appears under USB, but not as adb.

Brzi999 said:
Strange. I saw my phone in adb mode via TOOL ALL IN ONE.
I disconnected phone to follow your advice with MSMdownloadTool. But phone is not detected at all.
And worse, now also in TOOL ALL IN ONE it is not detected. It connects, visible on USB list.
On device manager, OnePlus is listed under Universal Serial Buss Controllers, but not under Ports (COM & LPT).
I reinstalled drivers, but no help.
Still the same. When connecting phone to PC, sound as device connected, it appears under USB, but not as adb.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
When power off, are you sure then you keep pressing Vol Up+Power till MSMDownloadTool detects?
Even if you enter fastboot mode, you have to keep pressing button till MSMDownloadTool detects

After many tries, phone just went on...
By MSMDownloadTool I installed clean 9.0.5 and lock bootloader.
With clean phone, I installed my apps in batch offered by startup settings.
During that process, first 2 restarts. From then, 11 restarts (in 3 days) and 2x display freeze (I had to force restart).
I really like the phone, but these restarts/freezes are annoying.

Brzi999 said:
After many tries, phone just went on...
By MSMDownloadTool I installed clean 9.0.5 and lock bootloader.
With clean phone, I installed my apps in batch offered by startup settings.
During that process, first 2 restarts. From then, 11 restarts (in 3 days) and 2x display freeze (I had to force restart).
I really like the phone, but these restarts/freezes are annoying.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Based on your story I suspect a rough app.
I'm using the 6T now for 3 weeks and not a single issue.

kantjer said:
Based on your story I suspect a rough app.
I'm using the 6T now for 3 weeks and not a single issue.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
That's what I hoped for.
Yesterday I made factory reset without deleting internal storage. Didn't recover apps, installed from Play.
Several crashes, and display freezes.
Today morning, complete reinstall ROM 9.0.6 from internal storage, full ROM.
Than factory reset with deleting internal storage.
I installed only BluMail, Messenger, SMS backup and recovery, AnyDo.
In 4 hrs, crash and restart. Phone in pocket.
Now I opened slot, cleaned SIMs. But these worked in 3T for 2 years.
I am frustrated as hell.
EDIT:
I want to return phone.
Will it be visible that I unlocked and re-locked bootloader?
I am afraid it can affect warranty...

Related

Axon 7 can't boot, stuck on update screen then shuts down

So, I downloaded the A2017G B08 from this thread onto my SD card and went into the settings to update. All was fine until the phone got to the update screen and to 25% on the progress bar. Then the screen turned off, along with the phone. If I try to boot it, it's the same story. I see the ZTE screen, get to the update progress bar but it gets stuck on 25% and turns off. Kind of like a manual boot loop.
The phone isn't rooted or anything, I was downgrading to marshmallow to try and fix mic issues I was having earlier but never expected this.
Please help.
Thanks.
*deleted*
vesheljinn said:
So, I downloaded the A2017G B08 from this thread onto my SD card and went into the settings to update. All was fine until the phone got to the update screen and to 25% on the progress bar. Then the screen turned off, along with the phone. If I try to boot it, it's the same story. I see the ZTE screen, get to the update progress bar but it gets stuck on 25% and turns off. Kind of like a manual boot loop.
The phone isn't rooted or anything, I was downgrading to marshmallow to try and fix mic issues I was having earlier but never expected this.
Please help.
Thanks.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ouch. We can try stuff but I never read anything like this here.
First try to access the recovery directly. I think it's Volume up and power, but if you get into FTM mode just try with volume down. If you can, then download B10 from the download center (it's weird that we have everything there and nobody uses it, it's frickin stickied on the Guides section for God's sake) or Nougat B04 and try to install it from an SD card.
If it doesn't work you have two ways to go: if the bootloader is unlocked, install TWRP via Controllerboy's guide (using axon7tool, it works every time)
OR
put your phone on EDL mode (Connect the USB cable to the PC, then hold both Volume buttons (NOT POWER) and insert the cable on the phone, and use MiFlash to get a working B10 on your phone. (there's a B10 package on 4pda)
If you choose the TWRP way you can install MiFavor 5.0 and be done with it. Or maybe a custom ROM, but if you didn't have any problem staying stock as it seems that you did, then you'll probably not like custom ROMs and their bugs
This is what I thougth as well. But his link only refers to B08 in MM. So he didn't want to install B08 on Nougat. As his bootloader is still locked he cannot install this ROM in no way.
Choose an username... said:
Ouch. We can try stuff but I never read anything like this here.
First try to access the recovery directly. I think it's Volume up and power, but if you get into FTM mode just try with volume down. If you can, then download B10 from the download center (it's weird that we have everything there and nobody uses it, it's frickin stickied on the Guides section for God's sake) or Nougat B04 and try to install it from an SD card.
If it doesn't work you have two ways to go: if the bootloader is unlocked, install TWRP via Controllerboy's guide (using axon7tool, it works every time)
OR
put your phone on EDL mode (Connect the USB cable to the PC, then hold both Volume buttons (NOT POWER) and insert the cable on the phone, and use MiFlash to get a working B10 on your phone. (there's a B10 package on 4pda)
If you choose the TWRP way you can install MiFavor 5.0 and be done with it. Or maybe a custom ROM, but if you didn't have any problem staying stock as it seems that you did, then you'll probably not like custom ROMs and their bugs
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hey, thanks for the response.
I downloaded MiFlash and got a working B10 but when I went to reboot the phone the screen wouldn't turn on, just the red LED was on. If I tried to go into recovery mode the phone vibrates and the LED flashes but it goes back to the same state. Also if I connect it to the PC and try and enter EDL mode there are sounds from windows that a USB device is being connected but that's it. MiFlash can't recognise the phone.
vesheljinn said:
Hey, thanks for the response.
I downloaded MiFlash and got a working B10 but when I went to reboot the phone the screen wouldn't turn on, just the red LED was on. If I tried to go into recovery mode the phone vibrates and the LED flashes but it goes back to the same state. Also if I connect it to the PC and try and enter EDL mode there are sounds from windows that a USB device is being connected but that's it. MiFlash can't recognise the phone.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I just had this issue, I plugged the phone into the orginal charger and for a legit 60sec held volume up and power button it will eventually power on .
jjallday said:
I just had this issue, I plugged the phone into the orginal charger and for a legit 60sec held volume up and power button it will eventually power on .
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Did that for ~2 minutes, still nothing. Forgot to mention, when I connect it to the PC I get Handset Diagnostic Interface as a connected device.
vesheljinn said:
Did that for ~2 minutes, still nothing. Forgot to mention, when I connect it to the PC I get Handset Diagnostic Interface as a connected device.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
hmm well idk i had this problem earlier today, even when i had mine connected to the pc the pc would make a noise as if the phone was turning on, but when i connected to the actual charger is when the 60sec thing actually worked , also i noticed that when i finally got it on the battery was down to 1% maybe some sort of battery issue. maybe let it set on the actual wall charger for awhile and try again.
vesheljinn said:
Did that for ~2 minutes, still nothing. Forgot to mention, when I connect it to the PC I get Handset Diagnostic Interface as a connected device.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Do the 4th category brick repair guide. Yes,you have to tear apart the phone, but I did this and didn't break it idk
No USB jigs or weird cables will work, you need to use the test pad to get into EDL.
There is another way though: it seems that if you discharge the phone completely, then hold vol down and power, and try a bunch of times, you might be able to get into FTM mode. You'll have adb from there, so you can do 'adb reboot edl' and use MiFlash to fix the software. But I haven't tried

OP6T bricked hard

My 6T is currently a paperweight (bricked, screen won't turn on, no fastboot, no nothing) and here's the succession of events that led to it:
I live in the US and bought the unlocked 6T.
1) A few weeks ago I rooted it with same steps described in this post --> https://www.xda-developers.com/oneplus-6t-unlock-bootloader-root/. Everything seemed to go well, I had Magisk and my phone worked just fine.
2) About a week later I got a notification that my phone had a software update ready. I idiotically obliged and installed it. After the install, I still got the bootloader unlocked screen at start up so I thought my phone might still be rooted. However, I couldn't download any mods on Magisk and my root checker said I was no longer rooted. So basically, my phone appeared rooted (apps like Google Pay wouldn't work, I got the warning about the Bootloader at start-up, etc.) but I no longer had the benefit of being able to install mods through Magisk.
3) A few weeks later (yesterday) I decided I would explore options for un-rooting, mainly so I could use Google Pay again. Remember, my phone wasn't actually rooted anymore, since the update. So I thought locking the bootloader should fix my problems. I did that with fastboot oem lock and then my phone was stuck in a fastboot loop. I tried every option in fastboot and would just end up right back there. I started looking for fixes and came across the MSMDownload Tool --> http://https://forum.xda-developers.com/oneplus-6/how-to/tool-msmdownloadtool-v4-0-international-t3798892. I downloaded the driver, it recognized my device, I downloaded the tool, then ran it. At 16 seconds, the download stopped and I got an error saying "Sahara communication failed." After looking up a fix that involved holding down the volume+ button, I decided I'd try again. This is where I f*cked up. I unplugged my phone without stopping the download, and that leads us to this very moment. My phone does not turn on at all. I have no access to fastboot or anything. My computer does recognize it when I plug it back in (I'm on Windows).
If you read this it's probably obvious that I only know enough to be dangerous and bricking my phone was inevitable. Feel free to call me an idiot, I only ask that you provide some useful information, preferably on the subject of getting my phone working again. Thank you all in advance. I hope this post isn't redundant. I didn't find anything on here that was a fix for my situation. I'm also open to contacting OnePlus if anyone thinks I should do that first. I genuinely thank anyone that takes the time to read/help! xd
Use the msm tool...doesn't use fastboot
Edit...nevermind
You need to get your phone to show up as "US8_BULK" like in the MSM thread you linked. You can do this even if your phone wont boot properly. I have done it multiple times before. When in the Qualcom flashing mode the screen will not light up at all.
Hold all the buttons until it resets. This could take up to 30 seconds of holding the buttons. The just follow the steps in the MSM thread starting with this one:
Power off the phone, then hold for 5 seconds vol up and plug the usb to computer. Now you have to see US8_BULK as new device connected and you can also see in device manager; if you can't notice it, repeat the process until you see it (power on, power off, hold...) there is a full youtube guide for op5 and it's the same process - (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PpLvmID1wdI)
Edit: It can take some practice to get the timing down, especially if your screen is not coming on at all. Just keep trying as you will be able to get into that Qualcom flashing mode unless there is physical hardware damage to your phone.
Jager said:
You need to get your phone to show up as "US8_BULK" like in the MSM thread you linked. You can do this even if your phone wont boot properly. I have done it multiple times before. When in the Qualcom flashing mode the screen will not light up at all.
Hold all the buttons until it resets. This could take up to 30 seconds of holding the buttons. The just follow the steps in the MSM thread starting with this one:
Power off the phone, then hold for 5 seconds vol up and plug the usb to computer. Now you have to see US8_BULK as new device connected and you can also see in device manager; if you can't notice it, repeat the process until you see it (power on, power off, hold...) there is a full youtube guide for op5 and it's the same process -
Edit: It can take some practice to get the timing down, especially if your screen is not coming on at all. Just keep trying as you will be able to get into that Qualcom flashing mode unless there is physical hardware damage to your phone.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Awesome, that worked! I kept seeing I needed to hold volume+ and power but holding both and power is what actually worked for me. Thanks a lot my friend
@lapitman, glad to see that you finally got it to work!

Xiaomi Mi 9T not turning on whatsoever

My phone was working fine, and I decided to change ROMs, as I wanted to be able to use Split Screen, and the current custom ROM had a few issues. Anyway, I try flashing this new ROM, ExtendedUI: wiped the data, cache, and system and flash everything correctly, or at least I followed the instructions word for word. However, as I flashed magisk, there was an error, and I assumed that I would have to boot the phone first, as I have done in the past and it has always fixed the issue, come to find that when i reboot, it reboots into fastboot, and nothing else is on the system. Great. So i go back to MiFlash and flash davinci 11.0.2 and then go to reboot the phone and then nothing. Black. Phone doesn't vibrate when pressing both Vol up and power and/or Vol down and power. Left the phone to charge to see if it was just over drained battery wise and still nothing. Opened up the back and reconnected the battery to see if there had been some kind of hardware disconnect and, you guessed it, nothing. Any ideas on what I should do?
Well since you already bothered to open the phone I guess your can try the EDL/testpoint flash method.
I'd also double check or change the USB cable. For MiFlash to hard brick your device there must have been some transfer issues (or the source files were corrupted).
ShiningScias said:
Well since you already bothered to open the phone I guess your can try the EDL/testpoint flash method.
I'd also double check or change the USB cable. For MiFlash to hard brick your device there must have been some transfer issues (or the source files were corrupted).
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
After posting this message, I went to sleep, and woke up to the phone LED flashing. But nothing else had changed, even after trying all the key combos and connecting to the pc and whatnot. So I decided to try the EDL flash method, with multiple cables that have worked previously for data transfers, as well as different usb ports, and still nothing. I made sure to disconnect the battery. I'm not sure what else I can do.

HELP! Stuck in Boot Logo w/ no Recovery Mode

Ok so before I started writing this I had only one problem now I'm worried my problem has gone from bad to worse.
I updated my 6T to 10.3.2 from the latest Beta after the process it prompted for a restart, upon restarting it got stuck in the boot animation. I tried going into Recovery and Download mode unsuccessfully so I went through the forums a bit and saw that someone who had the same problem successfully entered Recovery mode by pressing VOLUME UP+DOWN+POWER buttons simultaneously, I tried to do the same and my phone turned off and now it doesn't turn on! :crying:
Has anyone experienced this or know how to fix this? Any help will be much appreciated. Tia!
theDUD3 said:
Recovery mode by pressing VOLUME UP+DOWN+POWER buttons simultaneously, I tried to do the same and my phone turned off and now it doesn't turn on!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
These should be clarified:
Volume Up + Power while turning on will boot to fastboot.
Volume Down + Power while turn on will boot to recovery.
Holding Volume Up + Power should force the phone to turn off.
Volume Up + Volume Down should put your phone in Download mode for the MSM Tool.
Turn the phone off, let it sit. Then try turn it back on. Any response?
try to shutdown phone ...hold vol+ and power button for like 15 sec and restart your phone if this didnt work then u can try MSM tool
Thanks guys, got it working using MSM Tool!
regarding oneplus 6 got stuck on logo screen and recovery mode not working
was just going through some random stuff on my phone and suddenly my device automatically restarted and not it is stuck on logo screen. i and when i tried to open recovery mode, nope its is just not working either. i even tried the fastboot menu to open recovery settings but still no progress help me here...its urgent going though lockdown in country so no service either cant communicate with the fam also. HELP...!!!!
frankynehemimah said:
was just going through some random stuff on my phone and suddenly my device automatically restarted and not it is stuck on logo screen. i and when i tried to open recovery mode, nope its is just not working either. i even tried the fastboot menu to open recovery settings but still no progress help me here...its urgent going though lockdown in country so no service either cant communicate with the fam also. HELP...!!!!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You are likely going to lose your data. Know that going in if its not already backed up.
If you have the fastboot menu you can use the fastboot roms.
Or my least favorite option or what I would try last, MSM Tool (Tmobile 6Ts use a different tool).
IMPORTANT if you want to try and recover and data off your phone first, go to fastboot, and try and "boot" the TWRP img (not the installed one, one from your PC using the fastboot command). If that works you might be able to recover data. If that does worm, try dirty flashing the last ROM you were running and see if it boots.
No worries!
frankynehemimah said:
was just going through some random stuff on my phone and suddenly my device automatically restarted and not it is stuck on logo screen. i and when i tried to open recovery mode, nope its is just not working either. i even tried the fastboot menu to open recovery settings but still no progress help me here...its urgent going though lockdown in country so no service either cant communicate with the fam also. HELP...!!!!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hello, I am sorry to hear of you having this issue, I just went through 3 1/2 days (off and on) of recovering my T-Mobile OnePlus 6t which I found a way to get my unlock code within 2 weeks of having it, so I rooted it and put a custom kernel on it, stuck on 9.0 never let me update as I was not familiar with A/B partitioning, yet! The answers I saw to your questions were spot on, I just had a little to add to it and I'm sure I am not alone. Real quick let me list what has gone wrong on the rare occasion it hit the fan with the 6t...
- When I would accidentally and rarely let my battery die it seemed like it took forever to get it to reboot, I mean it sat on my desk of DOA devices for 2 weeks!
- It often seems like the buttons do not always respond properly and never have when I needed them to. Been through this before, I've bricked and unbricked and flashed and re-flashed and wiped all weekend and I like Android 10 and all but seems everything is different for every build, and everything seems to have to go in the right order with the exact right file or you wind up in a jam, period..
- That said, the previous person that answered your question has likely encountered similar, I've heard of right down to the buttons not physically working, but I have been a Smart Device Master III Technician for over 5 years, i know my buttons were not broken.
- Most likely culprit that I just handled and worked, i did have to use the MSM tool, several times - and re-unlock the BL, several times I would not even get the chance to get to fastboot, just a screen saying Build and Hardware not a match"" in yellow letters and it just bootlooped. No fastboot is no good, but when you said the tool would show some signs of working but then not, I have 2 solutions that I needed on diffrent occcasions.
1 - As mentioned fully try other USB cables, and ports, if you pull the usb-c out of the port and hold <power + vol up + vol down> eventually it will do something, very picky, sometimes gotta move your fingers to different spots on the buttons and also after 15-20sec let go of power and hit and hold it again... after a few seconds before it vibrates stick the cable in connected to your PC and the screen will be black (obv) but the msm tool will pick up on it. I know about the cables because I take good care of my phones and cables and charging ports, however on my final fix today it showed in msm tool it was connected but waiting for device.... Fed up i put the phone down and moved the usb cable a little bit and it picked up on it and did its thing! That part was just the cable, getting into qualcomm mode or w.e. is a bit tricky sometimes.
- Also someone said set it down for a while and come back to it.. THAT WORKS!! Let it fully charge and often just plugging in charger turns it on, bootloop soft brick or however have you, very simiilar to an Apple device and their DFU (don't f up mode cause screen is black..)
I hope that helps you get in touch with your family and friends.. Whatever you do, don't give up bc if you have not got it yet, you will! One other note, there are a few different msm tools available and they look the same some same size, but the one that supposed to work on my phone didn't and one that they say only a fool would attempt to try actually saved me, so if all else fails, use a different msm tool/usb cable and you will get it! I don't think I can post links yet I am on here very rarely, but plan on more! I have received so much help from XDA throughout the years on thousands of phones with just software issues alone, aas well as guides to my own phones. I would be honored to give back as I also have some extensive knowledge on many devices but I am a noob in comparison to many! Stay safe, good luck and please update and let us/ me know how it worked out for you. If i can help further I will, I have every firmware file for the OP6t, recovery, tools, software, this is not new to me but I feel your frustration!

Finally! FRP bypass TB-X606F

After trying tons of different methods to bypass FRP on this TB-X606F without any success, I was FINALLY able to bypass it. I was not expecting this to work, so I wasn't documenting or taking screen shots. I typical solutions with sp_tool I was unable to get to work.
Was tested on
TB-X606X_RF01_220613
TB-X606X_USR_S300673_2206131545_V9.56_BMP_ROW
I only set the location of the 3 files as shown in the screen shot. Nothing else. Pressed "download"
Connected to computer while off, did not do anything initialy. Believe I pressed power + vol up or power + vol down and sp_tool immediately started the download, took maybe 30 seconds, green check mark when done.
https://imgur.com/AvdFpFs
uploaded: https://anonfiles.com/B382E8ncze/TB_X606F_FRP_Bypass_Verified_April_2023_Full_7z
hope this helps someone.
Edit: I did have the vcom drivers installed from here: https://www.getdroidtips.com/install-mediatek-mt65xx-usb-vcom-drivers/
Initially I was having a hell of a time trying to get it to boot into the correct mode. I was briefly able to see it connect with the vcom driver and com port, when sp_tool would attempt kinda sometimes to start, but would always fail.
Also make sure battery is 100%
Edit 2: During my initial resetting (tried the obvious first, wipe data/factory reset in recovery. Then used lenovos recovery tool which I had read would erase FRP. It did not, and also updated me to the newest version). I bought this tablet "new open box" on eBay, on the cheaper end, seller failed to mention was FRP locked. I figured ehhhh, easier just to flash it than start a case, send it back, etc etc... When I messing with SP flash tool, I was being slightly dumb and had a battery with maybe 30% charge, which didn't matter, since I knocked the tablet while it was attempting to start to do things and it became unplugged. Not sure if SP flash tool was doing anything, task manager showed it seemed like it was, but the program was mostly frozen and not giving me any info. Kept charging it up on the wall charger, but all I could get was a solid red light, no attempt to boot, and windows claimed unrecognized device. In hindsight, I'm wondering if I did not have the vcom drivers installed at the time, or correctly installed them (could have had a conflict, dunno) I was actually just going to RMA it since it looked nice and bricked. Left it on a charger for a week, was busy and just kinda forgot about it. I went to grab it the day I posted this and saw oh... 100% charged battery icon...... that's new... Turned it on, and I was back at the initial setup still FRP locked.
I also do not think that with the tablet off and plugging it in with with Vol Up an Down buttons pressed is correct. I haven't had that do anything for me. Cable aside, Power + Vol Down will get you into fastboot, Power + Vol Up *sometimes* would get me into recovery? It seemed pretty hit or miss. Tried a download mode jig, no dice, tried (forget what the name of it is...) a FRP/Boot/Programming cable thing, no dice on that either.
Again, I hoping this helps someone. I tried everything to get FRP bypassed, even shady shady "tools" and blatantly out of focus click bait virus linked YouTube videos.

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