Mi A1 and SD card - Xiaomi Mi A1 Questions & Answers

Hi, as you all know Mi A1 supports Micro SD card, but I have question about the file system that it will support. I prefer the phone can use either NTFS or exFAT so that I can put files that is larger than 4GB on the memory card. But seems like the OS can't read both file format, only FAT32. Any idea?

Android OS generally is compatible with exFAT and FAT32.
NTFS is proprietary from Microsoft. So It cannot write to NTFS. (Solutions exist though, not worth the hassles)
More details can be found here.

I insert SanDisk 64GB card, exFAT
FS not recognized

insert the memory card to the phone.. then it'll show do you want to format it, do it..
after it's done, try moving the files you want to the memory card

VecH said:
I insert SanDisk 64GB card, exFAT
FS not recognized
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Same here you mast format sd card and than works u can chose to merge with phones memory or to leave it like that.

Mad4Red said:
Same here you mast format sd card and than works u can chose to merge with phones memory or to leave it like that.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
After format file system is fat32

Try ApoMgr3.
Yes m1a1 will automatically format SD card now use the above to automatically shift your apps to it provided you use a very fast card.

yes, i face same problem. i want copy 6GB size videos to OTG flashdisk, but i didnt support with FAT32, also NTFS and ExFAT didnt support on Android Oreo too. didnt know how to fix.

For ExFAT you need to change the kernel to one that supports that file system.

Related

How to format 64gb micro sd card to Fat32 to work on SGS3

Hi guys,
I faced a problem with my 64gb. Sandisk micro SD and I solved the issue and I thought about posting the solution here that might help some of you.
so... the issue I faced is how to get TWRP recovery or CWM to mount my Ex sd card.
basically the problem is that the card is formatted in exfat or NTFS and in both ways it won't be recognized by TWRP and the only way to formate it in fat32 is by only one software because windows can not format more than 32gb in Fat32.
and here is how:
first: download EaseUS Partition Master Home Edition from this link http://download.cnet.com/EaseUS-Partition-Master-Home-Edition/3000-2248_4-10863346.html?tag=mncol%3bpop&cdlPid=10982635
Second : Now you can see a list of all of your hard drives. Note the one highlighted in blue on the grid. This is my 64GB MicroSDXC card in my USB Card Reader. Obviously the location of your card in the list may differ dependant on the number of drives in your computer
You’ll need to right-click on the drive in the list representing your 64GB MicroSDXC card and click “Format partition”
Third : You need to select FAT32 for the File System, and 32KB for Cluster Size.
EaseUS doesn’t immediately apply the changes you specify. Instead, it queues them up so that you can review and revise them before you commit to having the program affect those changes. then we need to press the Apply button.
that's it ... now you can enjoy your 64gb MicroSd and you can mount it in TWRP or CWM recovery .
your welcome
It has to be in general section.
Sent from my GT-I9300 using xda app-developers app
Certainly be a useful post for some that don't know . But its in the wrong section and will be missed .
OP report and ask a mod to move it .
jje
Use partition wizard tool
Sent from my GT-I9300 using xda app-developers app
Ohh Didn't know that
then where should I post it and how can I move it ?
or it is the admin who will move it for me ?
thanks
As you guys may be aware, the latest software update (4.1.2) does solve ANY exFAT issue
sam-had said:
Hi guys,
I faced a problem with my 64gb. Sandisk micro SD and I solved the issue and I thought about posting the solution here that might help some of you.
so... the issue I faced is how to get TWRP recovery or CWM to mount my Ex sd card.
basically the problem is that the card is formatted in exfat or NTFS and in both ways it won't be recognized by TWRP and the only way to formate it in fat32 is by only one software because windows can not format more than 32gb in Fat32.
and here is how:
first: download EaseUS Partition Master Home Edition from this link http://download.cnet.com/EaseUS-Partition-Master-Home-Edition/3000-2248_4-10863346.html?tag=mncol%3bpop&cdlPid=10982635
Second : Now you can see a list of all of your hard drives. Note the one highlighted in blue on the grid. This is my 64GB MicroSDXC card in my USB Card Reader. Obviously the location of your card in the list may differ dependant on the number of drives in your computer
You’ll need to right-click on the drive in the list representing your 64GB MicroSDXC card and click “Format partition”
Third : You need to select FAT32 for the File System, and 32KB for Cluster Size.
EaseUS doesn’t immediately apply the changes you specify. Instead, it queues them up so that you can review and revise them before you commit to having the program affect those changes. then we need to press the Apply button.
that's it ... now you can enjoy your 64gb MicroSd and you can mount it in TWRP or CWM recovery .
your welcome
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I've tried this method, my card became 32GB
Then I put it into my Galaxy Note, it saw it also as 32GB, then I formatted the card with Gnote, then it became 64GB again
I was planning to create two partitions with minitools formatting tool, one was supoosed to be 16 GB FAT32 and the remaning part would be 48GB NTFS, and I was planning to use, Paragon NTFS to mount that NTFS partition on GNOTE.
But because after formatting on PC it became 32 GB I couldn't do that.
Any suggestions ?
thanks so much for this. I just bought a new 64 gb card for my phone and it "corrupted" on me twice. I plugged it in to my comp and it was exFat. Followed the directions here and formatted to fat32. Now I have to copy my files again. I hope this works. Oh and according to my phone, there is no update 4.1.2 for it. I am on 4.0.4 and it cannot find any updates so that doesnt really work for me.
THANK YOU!!
I had been trying to do thiis for 4 hours when i saw ur post! Thanks sooo much..at first i got an error while formatting, but then i quit all other applications as recommended by the software and it woeked perfectly on my HTC Sensation. Thank You Soooo much:laugh::good:
I was looking to format my card to Fat32 so I can use a Paranoid Android Rom. What happens when I want to flash another ROM and the new ROM is a Tochwiz Rom... Will I need to unformat the card or reverse it someway? I'm a newbie to this stuff.
Careyst said:
I was looking to format my card to Fat32 so I can use a Paranoid Android Rom. What happens when I want to flash another ROM and the new ROM is a Tochwiz Rom... Will I need to unformat the card or reverse it someway? I'm a newbie to this stuff.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
No. Touchwizz roms and aokp/cm10 roms can both read fat32 sd cards. Because exfat is licenced from Microsoft AOKP can't incorporate the drivers needed to get exfat formatted card to work.
Short story is both roms can read/write to fat32 formatted sd cards. Only Touchwizz roms can read/write to exfat formatted cards. Unless you copy a lot of single files over 4GB in size stick with fat32 formatting.
Sent from my GT-I9300 using Tapatalk 2
sam-had said:
Hi guys,
I faced a problem with my 64gb. Sandisk micro SD and I solved the issue and I thought about posting the solution here that might help some of you.
so... the issue I faced is how to get TWRP recovery or CWM to mount my Ex sd card.
basically the problem is that the card is formatted in exfat or NTFS and in both ways it won't be recognized by TWRP and the only way to formate it in fat32 is by only one software because windows can not format more than 32gb in Fat32.
and here is how:
first: download EaseUS Partition Master Home Edition from this link http://download.cnet.com/EaseUS-Partition-Master-Home-Edition/3000-2248_4-10863346.html?tag=mncol%3bpop&cdlPid=10982635
Second : Now you can see a list of all of your hard drives. Note the one highlighted in blue on the grid. This is my 64GB MicroSDXC card in my USB Card Reader. Obviously the location of your card in the list may differ dependant on the number of drives in your computer
You’ll need to right-click on the drive in the list representing your 64GB MicroSDXC card and click “Format partition”
Third : You need to select FAT32 for the File System, and 32KB for Cluster Size.
EaseUS doesn’t immediately apply the changes you specify. Instead, it queues them up so that you can review and revise them before you commit to having the program affect those changes. then we need to press the Apply button.
that's it ... now you can enjoy your 64gb MicroSd and you can mount it in TWRP or CWM recovery .
your welcome
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I tried what you suggested. However, the partition stayed at 32 GB only instead of 64 GB. Any more suggestions.
---------- Post added at 06:02 PM ---------- Previous post was at 05:56 PM ----------
dionysos77 said:
I've tried this method, my card became 32GB
Then I put it into my Galaxy Note, it saw it also as 32GB, then I formatted the card with Gnote, then it became 64GB again
I was planning to create two partitions with minitools formatting tool, one was supoosed to be 16 GB FAT32 and the remaning part would be 48GB NTFS, and I was planning to use, Paragon NTFS to mount that NTFS partition on GNOTE.
But because after formatting on PC it became 32 GB I couldn't do that.
Any suggestions ?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I also have the same problem, my 64 GB card has become 32 GB one. I used the suggested program to partition but still 32 GB. Can you explain what is Gnote and how to use it. Thanks
Same problem here also 32 everytime followed instructions exactly im using windows 8
Sent from my SCH-I605 using xda premium
GUI Format is an easy to use and fast solution too.
Szadzik said:
GUI Format is an easy to use and fast solution too.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
exactly...much easier!
Ok
Sent from my SCH-I605 using xda app-developers app
I was having issues also got the sandisk mobile mate sd reader windiws noticed automatically as 64 gb used gui format worked perfectly
Sent from my SCH-I605 using xda premium
Just use Guiformat...small app attached
dionysos77 said:
I've tried this method, my card became 32GB
Then I put it into my Galaxy Note, it saw it also as 32GB, then I formatted the card with Gnote, then it became 64GB again
I was planning to create two partitions with minitools formatting tool, one was supoosed to be 16 GB FAT32 and the remaning part would be 48GB NTFS, and I was planning to use, Paragon NTFS to mount that NTFS partition on GNOTE.
But because after formatting on PC it became 32 GB I couldn't do that.
Any suggestions ?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Did you ever find out how to revert back to 64 GB. I am exactly in a similar situation with a 64 GB converted to 32 GB and do not know what to do?
Edit: I have used guiformat program also.
Careyst said:
I was looking to format my card to Fat32 so I can use a Paranoid Android Rom. What happens when I want to flash another ROM and the new ROM is a Tochwiz Rom... Will I need to unformat the card or reverse it someway? I'm a newbie to this stuff.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You can still use your card normally. I've done the inverse way (Touchwiz to AOKP) and works too.
The point is: Touchwiz based ROMs have support to FAT32 and exFAT. AOKP ones have support only to FAT32.
dionysos77 said:
I've tried this method, my card became 32GB
Then I put it into my Galaxy Note, it saw it also as 32GB, then I formatted the card with Gnote, then it became 64GB again
I was planning to create two partitions with minitools formatting tool, one was supoosed to be 16 GB FAT32 and the remaning part would be 48GB NTFS, and I was planning to use, Paragon NTFS to mount that NTFS partition on GNOTE.
But because after formatting on PC it became 32 GB I couldn't do that.
Any suggestions ?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
vicky4112 said:
Did you ever find out how to revert back to 64 GB. I am exactly in a similar situation with a 64 GB converted to 32 GB and do not know what to do?
Edit: I have used guiformat program also.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
xterra91 said:
Same problem here also 32 everytime followed instructions exactly im using windows 8
Sent from my SCH-I605 using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
That's another point OP have forgotten. Your card reader must support microSDXC cards. Most readers support only microSDHC and these are maximum 32Gb storage. microSDXC has elevated this limit to 2TB. I had to buy myself a new card reader due to that incompatibility.
There's a fragment in Wikipedia which explains this situation:
SDXC cards are pre-formatted with Microsoft's proprietary and patented exFAT file system, which the host device might not support. Since Microsoft does not publish the specifications of exFAT and its use requires a non-free license, many alternative or older operating systems do not support exFAT for technical or legal reasons. The use of exFAT on some SDXC cards may render SDXC unsuitable as a universal exchange medium, as an SDXC card that uses exFAT would not be usable in all host devices. Since the FAT32 file system supports volumes up to the SDXC's maximum theoretical capacity of 2 TB as well, a user could reformat an SDXC card to use FAT32 for greater portability between computers (see below). FAT32-formatted SDXC cards can be used in a host device built for SDHC if the host device can handle 64 GB and larger volumes.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Digital#SDXC
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I really sorry for my english, but I hope you and another people understand it. :good:

[Q] Doesn't read Ext4 neither NTFS for the sdcard, wtf?

Ok, android is supposed to be just fine with Ext and NTFS right?
Well i've got S4, kitkat 4.4.2 and 64GB original super fast microsd card and guess what, i formatted it first Ext4 then NTFS because i needed more than 4GB files and for both it says "SD card is blank or has unsupported filesystem."
both times formatted under linux desktop PC
the default formatting from the phone seems to be either FAT or exfat but files over 4GB can't be written. (exfat is supposed to do over 4gb right?)
So, what i'm doing wrong?
Fking1 said:
Ok, android is supposed to be just fine with Ext and NTFS right?
Well i've got S4, kitkat 4.4.2 and 64GB original super fast microsd card and guess what, i formatted it first Ext4 then NTFS because i needed more than 4GB files and for both it says "SD card is blank or has unsupported filesystem."
both times formatted under linux desktop PC
the default formatting from the phone seems to be either FAT or exfat but files over 4GB can't be written. (exfat is supposed to do over 4gb right?)
So, what i'm doing wrong?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Official Galaxy S4 doesnt support NTFS (not sure about Ext4). but there are some custom kernels that can deal with NTFS.
I found this on wikipedia:
exFat advantages: File size limit of 16 EiB–1 byte (limited by volume size), raised from 4 GiB−1 byte in a standard FAT32 filesystem.
so I guess yes it can handle files more than 4GBs, I haven't tried it myself.
Use the official SD formatter tool, it formats cards with 64 GB and larger using the exfat system.
just google: official SD formatter
DuLLaG33 said:
Official Galaxy S4 doesnt support NTFS (not sure about Ext4). but there are some custom kernels that can deal with NTFS.
I found this on wikipedia:
exFat advantages: File size limit of 16 EiB–1 byte (limited by volume size), raised from 4 GiB−1 byte in a standard FAT32 filesystem.
so I guess yes it can handle files more than 4GBs, I haven't tried it myself.
Use the official SD formatter tool, it formats cards with 64 GB and larger using the exfat system.
just google: official SD formatter
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
With the build in formatting tool is what I use to format it, but then I can't write a 30GB file
in the file size limit you mention " File size limit of 16 EiB–1 byte" what's EiB?
Fking1 said:
So, what i'm doing wrong?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If it's a cheap and therefor most probably fake SD card this can also be a problem. Most cheap 64GB cards do not have the advertized capacity.
Fking1 said:
what's EiB?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Eib is Exabyte = a million terabyte
Pfeffernuss said:
If it's a cheap and therefor most probably fake SD card this can also be a problem. Most cheap 64GB cards do not have the advertized capacity.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
nah, it's expensive and tested that it has the actual GBs
Fking1 said:
...and tested that it has the actual GBs
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
How?
Pfeffernuss said:
How?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
by running an sd card tester app from the market, 2 of them actually
it's real card, i've had fakes before
Fking1 said:
by running an sd card tester app from the market, 2 of them actually
it's real card, i've had fakes before
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I Always format my SD cards using Minitool (PC app). Never missed a beat.
If this doesn't work I still think it's a fake SD-card
well it's not, thanks for getting the thread in the wrong direction though!
so does the default bult-in android formatting do FAT or exFAT? It doesn't seem to be possible to tell from the phone?
So, seems like the only way forward is to format it in exFAT?
Fking1 said:
well it's not, thanks for getting the thread in the wrong direction though!
so does the default bult-in android formatting do FAT or exFAT? It doesn't seem to be possible to tell from the phone?
So, seems like the only way forward is to format it in exFAT?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I am pretty sure it will only format in the style it was originally eg. Original setup of fat32 it will format fat32, if EXfat it will format EXfat.
Ext,1, 2, 3, 4 are all native to android (Linux) so ext4 shouldn't be an issue.
When I formatted my 64Gb card sd formatter did not format it to EXfat I had to do it manually. Please not that windows Xp does not directly support EXfat you need to manually install a patch and then manually format the sd card via cmd window
You'll have to confirm the command but it's something like
Format x: /fs:exfat
This is what I had to do on my old Xp box to do the job.
Sent from my GT-I9505 using Tapatalk
---------- Post added at 01:07 AM ---------- Previous post was at 01:03 AM ----------
Oh btw ntfs is proprietary file system to micro$oft and technically it's closed source, but I read somewhere ages ago someone managed to hack something together that does work
Sent from my GT-I9505 using Tapatalk
formatted it to exfat and it works now
so for anyone else that wonders here is the summary of what I found
the android on Samsung S4 reads only FAT and exFAT on the SD card.
NTFS and Ext4 it does NOT recognize.
by default it formats FAT
I had to format it exfat on a PC
works now, still haven't tried with files over 4GB but shouldn't be a problem

128 gb card format question

i have a 128gb micro sd card what should i format it to and what program to use
The S4 only recognizes the FAT and EXFAT file formats. Simply insert your SD card, go to settings, storage, and then SD Card. From there, you can let Android format your card for you.
If you're worried about speed, file formats don't offer much benefit for Android devices.

File size on SD card

I got a SD card that I've formatted in my phone but I just tried to copy a movie (a copy of a Blueray I own) of around 6GB to the card but it fails. I then removed the SD card and inserted it into my Windows 10 computer and tried again after which I'm told the file is too big for the file system on the card. There is plenty of free space on the SD card.
Isn't it possible to have large movie files on the SD card? If it is: What is the trick?
Which file system has the SD been formatted with? See the SD Properties in Windows.
themissionimpossible said:
Which file system has the SD been formatted with? See the SD Properties in Windows.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The phone always formats to FAT32 - and if I format to NTFS the phone complains that the SD card is damaged and has to be formatted. It can't even read the NTFS formatted card.
FAT32 is limited to 4GB max file size.
You must format the SD card with exFAT, which also Windows reads/formats perfectly.
themissionimpossible said:
FAT32 is limited to 4GB max file size.
You must format the SD card with exFAT, which also Windows reads/formats perfectly.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Do you know if the S7 Edge can work with exFAT or ?
Yes, of course, I use an exFAT formatted 64 GB SD card in my S7E...
Great - I'll format my card right away then! Thanks

Micro SD card wont be mounted by Samsung Tab a6

So I have a Samsung Tab a6 7 T280 wifi and I've inserted a MicroSD card (128GB). I've done this with the stock os first and I just got the message card can be removed safely. and it wouldn't let me mount it.
Now I've installed the Tinker V5.1 Stock Rom over it and it still happens. (wanted a faster os on it).
I can reformat the card with twrp to be ext4 or exFAT and it doesn't change a single thing. if I insert the sd card I get a quick preparing card and then instantly the message card can be safely removed. clicking on mount sd card in storage from settings doesn't do anything except prompt same message.
I'd try a different sdcard.
Okay, so I hope I can help, I have the SM-T280, I do not use Tinker ROM, instead I debloated my stock ROM and use an SPA kernel by @_mone. If you're trying to extend storage to your tablet, you'll need to use a PC to partition the SD card two PRIMARY partitions. I used on Windows MiniTool Partition Wizard (free), and I used a FAT32 partition and an ext2 partition. With the stock ROM/kernel I had problems using ext4 or extFAT which didn't make sense to me but it is what it is, and I used the app Apps2SD to handle all the work.
The main thing, you need to make sure your SD card has TWO (2) PRIMARY partitions.
Good luck.
zenful said:
Okay, so I hope I can help, I have the SM-T280, I do not use Tinker ROM, instead I debloated my stock ROM and use an SPA kernel by @_mone. If you're trying to extend storage to your tablet, you'll need to use a PC to partition the SD card two PRIMARY partitions. I used on Windows MiniTool Partition Wizard (free), and I used a FAT32 partition and an ext2 partition. With the stock ROM/kernel I had problems using ext4 or extFAT which didn't make sense to me but it is what it is, and I used the app Apps2SD to handle all the work.
The main thing, you need to make sure your SD card has TWO (2) PRIMARY partitions.
Good luck.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
What about the Sizes? As in one partition 60 GB the other one also 60 GB ? Or the fat32 partition 1 GB and the ext2 the rest?
Panslothda said:
What about the Sizes? As in one partition 60 GB the other one also 60 GB ? Or the fat32 partition 1 GB and the ext2 the rest?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
FAT32 is not for large capacity storage. Use exFat. There isn't much point in having such a large ext2 partition. It's incompatible with media transfer protocols unless you use a Linux system.
This device fully supports exFAT. I use a 64gb sdcard no issues.
ashyx said:
FAT32 is not for large capacity storage. Use exFat. There isn't much point in having such a large ext2 partition. It's incompatible with media transfer protocols unless you use a Linux system.
This device fully supports exFAT. I use a 64gb sdcard no issues.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Well my current one is exfat formatted. works perfectly fine on PC only thing is its 128 GB.... I mean is that maybe the issue? that its to large?
Panslothda said:
Well my current one is exfat formatted. works perfectly fine on PC only thing is its 128 GB.... I mean is that maybe the issue? that its to large?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I wouldn't think so, I'm sure it supports 128gb cards.
Just partition it into to halves. First partition exfat. Leave the other unformatted and see what happens.
ashyx said:
I wouldn't think so, I'm sure it supports 128gb cards.
Just partition it into to halves. First partition exfat. Leave the other unformatted and see what happens.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
partitioned into a 40 GB exFAT partition and left rest unpartitioned. Didn't change anything. if I pop it in the tablet I get a short preparing sd card notification then immediately an SD card safe to remove notification...
I'm really confused by this. The tablet is new so I doubt that it's broken but I don't know. Do you know if there's a way to check any kind of logs on Android like dmesg on Linux as an example to see what happens with the sd card?
Panslothda said:
partitioned into a 40 GB exFAT partition and left rest unpartitioned. Didn't change anything. if I pop it in the tablet I get a short preparing sd card notification then immediately an SD card safe to remove notification...
I'm really confused by this. The tablet is new so I doubt that it's broken but I don't know. Do you know if there's a way to check any kind of logs on Android like dmesg on Linux as an example to see what happens with the sd card?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It's best just try out another card to rule out the card.
ashyx said:
It's best just try out another card to rule out the card.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Welp gotta buy one first then :/
Panslothda said:
Welp gotta buy one first then :/
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Nobody can lend one for a few minutes? Or try the card in someone else device?
Panslothda said:
So I have a Samsung Tab a6 7 T280 wifi and I've inserted a MicroSD card (128GB). I've done this with the stock os first and I just got the message card can be removed safely. and it wouldn't let me mount it.
Now I've installed the Tinker V5.1 Stock Rom over it and it still happens. (wanted a faster os on it).
I can reformat the card with twrp to be ext4 or exFAT and it doesn't change a single thing. if I insert the sd card I get a quick preparing card and then instantly the message card can be safely removed. clicking on mount sd card in storage from settings doesn't do anything except prompt same message.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
According to Samsung, the T280 will support a 256gb SD card BUT I know from experience that SD cards over 32gb can be VERY touchy. If you use a PC to remove all of the partition and then let the tablet try to do its own formatting and it still doesn't work, I'd say you have an incompatible SD card. That doesn't mean the card is bad but that it just won't work in the T280.
As an example, a Samsung EVO+ card (which can be found on eBay for $30) will probably work while a "no name" card from China, probably won't.
lewmur said:
According to Samsung, the T280 will support a 256gb SD card BUT I know from experience that SD cards over 32gb can be VERY touchy. If you use a PC to remove all of the partition and then let the tablet try to do its own formatting and it still doesn't work, I'd say you have an incompatible SD card. That doesn't mean the card is bad but that it just won't work in the T280.
As an example, a Samsung EVO+ card (which can be found on eBay for $30) will probably work while a "no name" card from China, probably won't.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I always use Samsung EVO cards and they always work perfectly. Price per GB they are very reasonable too.
Scandisk ultra i find ok no matter what size
Sent from my SM-T585 using XDA-Developers Legacy app

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