lg l7 boot logo round to round.. not open.help me - Optimus L3, L5, L7 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting

i have l7..i installl 4.4.2 rom of cr3pt.. when i want to clean install.then i format data,system, sdcard,media,cache..
i have try another rom..but problem same.how to fix??? helpme.

which sd-card you formatted?

i have format sdcard only not external sdcard. on recovery mode.. there option mount and unmount.and all format not external sdcard.. n

enteral sdcard formated..on recover mode.
-CALIBAN666- said:
which sd-card you formatted?[/QUOTE
on recover mode.. i format enternal sdcard, system,cache,data,media.
now mobile going to wrong.. what i do..?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse

have you tried to look whats up when restore a nandroid backup?i hope you have one

-CALIBAN666- said:
have you tried to look whats up when restore a nandroid backup?i hope you have one
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
finally i again format all then install rom.. then now good work..

romgharti said:
i have l7..i installl 4.4.2 rom of cr3pt.. when i want to clean install.then i format data,system, sdcard,media,cache..
i have try another rom..but problem same.how to fix??? helpme.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Same issue...I got stucked with boot animation with both cr3pt's CM11 and PA4.1 roms...and don't know what to do...I am able to launch CWM but that's all...I can install the roms only from external sdcard and this leads only to neverending boot animation...tried 3times with both CM11 and PA roms but still the same result...
Please help, this is my mother's phone and unless I solve this I'll have to lend her my own SGSII with slimKAT which I really don't want to
EDIT: Did wipe of all possible things and it worked...however still I can't say I know what really worked and led me to success

xkovi said:
Same issue...I got stucked with boot animation with both cr3pt's CM11 and PA4.1 roms...and don't know what to do...I am able to launch CWM but that's all...I can install the roms only from external sdcard and this leads only to neverending boot animation...tried 3times with both CM11 and PA roms but still the same result...
Please help, this is my mother's phone and unless I solve this I'll have to lend her my own SGSII with slimKAT which I really don't want to
EDIT: Did wipe of all possible things and it worked...however still I can't say I know what really worked and led me to success [/QUOTE
on recover mode..click mount and storage menu.. then... format sdcard,data,system, then again install rom.. then work your phone..
Click to expand...
Click to collapse

try this...
romgharti said:
i have l7..i installl 4.4.2 rom of cr3pt.. when i want to clean install.then i format data,system, sdcard,media,cache..
i have try another rom..but problem same.how to fix??? helpme.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It's seems to be a noob answer but my phone (p705) when I'm using CM builds dont boot when the power cable is conected, i dont know the reason that this happen, but it works only when there is no cable conected, it seems to be a silly problem but can happen
ps.: sorry for my english, It's not my native language.

romgharti said:
on recover mode..click mount and storage menu.. then... format sdcard,data,system, then again install rom.. then work your phone..
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Little late if you look better I have edited my post saying after manual wiping it worked but thanks anyway...strange is that if you only choose "wipe data" from the initial menu it's not working or rather it's not enough and you really have to wipe manually data/system/sdcard via mount and storage menu...
On Samsung devices this has never been needed and "standard" wiping via main menu in recovery mode was enough to flash a new rom without issues...at least it's fine we know this is not applicable to our L7 devices and that we know the way how to fix it in future

romgharti said:
i have l7..i installl 4.4.2 rom of cr3pt.. when i want to clean install.then i format data,system, sdcard,media,cache..
i have try another rom..but problem same.how to fix??? helpme.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
i think you back to stock rom.

fastantu47 said:
i think you back to stock rom.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
how to????

romgharti said:
how to????
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Use kdz updater
Sent from my LG-E610 using xda app-developers app

atulkris said:
Use kdz updater
Sent from my LG-E610 using xda app-developers app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
i try bt not doing well...

romgharti said:
i try bt not doing well...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
What's the problem?
Also check this out
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2382708
Sent from my LG-E610 using xda app-developers app

For Matheson see comment below.

matheusmr said:
It's seems to be a noob answer but my phone (p705) when I'm using CM builds dont boot when the power cable is conected, i dont know the reason that this happen, but it works only when there is no cable conected, it seems to be a silly problem but can happen
ps.: sorry for my english, It's not my native language.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It's normal when you've installed Bootloader on your phone. It won't boot while connected to power source.
Sent from my LG-P705 using XDA Premium 4 mobile app

Related

Cant BOOT my phone after recovery mode

hello People!! need some help with my htc mytouch4g...
i installed BeatMod BlissSense Hybrid v2.4.zip from recovery mode..wen trying to reboot with new rom..the phone freeZes on the tmobile mytouch4g logo..
i factory reset the phone again.. and then reboot it..but still the same error!!
any suggestions?? help me!
try another rom or re-download
i would do that only if i was able to boot my phone!!
Muru11 said:
i would do that only if i was able to boot my phone!!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
you cant get into recovery? with the device off power on holding volume down and power button then go to recovery and boot into it manually that way
no..i can go there..n i wipe all my data and factory reseted the phone..but it wont re-boot again!
Muru11 said:
no..i can go there..n i wipe all my data and factory reseted the phone..but it wont re-boot again!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
there is a option that says recovery you go to that one and it should boot you into recovery
yea got into recovery..btw am using clockworkmod v5
wen i click reboot system now..the phone freezes on the logo!!
Muru11 said:
yea got into recovery..btw am using clockworkmod v5
wen i click reboot system now..the phone freezes on the logo!!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
you need to flash another rom something is bad with the one you flashed wiping wont fix anything if the system is corrupt somewhere restore via nandroid or flash a completely different rom thats your only choices.
ok thank you but how would i flash with a new rom if i cant access my phone??
Muru11 said:
ok thank you but how would i flash with a new rom if i cant access my phone??
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
flash through recovery go into the bootloader (bootloader=phone off volume down hold power) use the volume rockers and go to recovery and boot into CLOCKWORKMOD recovery which is what you said you have then do a full wipe and install rom normally. if you cant do this then no offense but you really shouldnt be messing with your phone... if all else fails download the stock rom and flash through the bootloader
wen u say install rom normally..wat do u mean?? i did carry out a full wipe..n rebooted my phone..but froze there!!
Muru11 said:
wen u say install rom normally..wat do u mean?? i did carry out a full wipe..n rebooted my phone..but froze there!!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
download the ROMNAME.zip put it on your sdcard where you can find it then go into clockworkmod recovery and go to install zip from sdcard choose zip from sdcard navigate to where you saved your ROMNAME.zip select it and it will install use virtuous sense and stick with that cause if anything happens you seem new and i dont think you will know how to fix it...
and wiping isn't gonna magically fix the fact that your operating system is f'd up but you should wipe before flashing a new rom cause it will screw up the new rom flashed
leme download and flash with a new rom! thank u!..
Muru11 said:
leme download and flash with a new rom! thank u!..
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
no problem but after its fixed try and stay aways from doing this until you fully understand everything cause you could brick your device
Muru11 said:
ok thank you but how would i flash with a new rom if i cant access my phone??
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
... Ever heard of taking out the SDcard, plugging it into the computer, and get a new Rom that way??
Sent from my HTC Glacier Sense 3.0 using xda premium
saranhai said:
... Ever heard of taking out the SDcard, plugging it into the computer, and get a new Rom that way??
Sent from my HTC Glacier Sense 3.0 using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
gotta be patient we were all once noobs at one time... but i think this guy takes the cake lol
it striked me late..thats wat i did..lol!!
skater4690 said:
gotta be patient we were all once noobs at one time... but i think this guy takes the cake lol
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I admire your patience. *golf clap*
Sent from my HTC Glacier using XDA App
Muru11 said:
hello People!! need some help with my htc mytouch4g...
i installed BeatMod BlissSense Hybrid v2.4.zip from recovery mode..wen trying to reboot with new rom..the phone freeZes on the tmobile mytouch4g logo..
i factory reset the phone again.. and then reboot it..but still the same error!!
any suggestions?? help me![/QUOTE
If you look in the thread for blisssense, there are several posts where people complained about the same thing with 2.4. Zfreak has released 3.1 which is the one you would want.
Sent from my HTC Glacier using XDA App
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The clockworkmod method doesn't always work.
Mine right now is doing this same problem and when I go into recovery Clockworkmod only gives me the red triangle of death. And yes, all my recoveries are flashed with the correct versions. (I know what I'm doing)
Sometimes there's just a series of things that all goes wrong in the perfect order.

Need help

hi guys,
Just messed up with my device.
I inslalled beat audion on my device and it get stuck ech time on starting apps...
Allreadydone a total wipe but still dont boot.
Like a ****ing retard i delet all the backups and install image that i had on my phone (i know it's stupid but i wanted winning some space)
I cat use toolkit cause its saying that my phone isnt on USB debuging.
Got TWR installed nothing but to flash.
Any idea for uploading a ROM install in my device? or other ideas for starting the os?
Im on AOKP build 5 btw
Thanks a lot guys
Fastboot, flash factory image.
fye85 said:
hi guys,
Just messed up with my device.
I inslalled beat audion on my device and it get stuck ech time on starting apps...
Allreadydone a total wipe but still dont boot.
Like a ****ing retard i delet all the backups and install image that i had on my phone (i know it's stupid but i wanted winning some space)
I cat use toolkit cause its saying that my phone isnt on USB debuging.
Got TWR installed nothing but to flash.
Any idea for uploading a ROM install in my device? or other ideas for starting the os?
Im on AOKP build 5 btw
Thanks a lot guys
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If your phone is recognized try to push a rom that you can flash with TWRP through adb. Look here for how to do that http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1667929.
snapper.fishes said:
Fastboot, flash factory image.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
How flash the factory image in fast boot?
gee2012 said:
If your phone is recognized try to push a rom that you can flash with TWRP through adb. Look here for how to do that http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1667929.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
it's not possible to mount internal storage in TWRP????
Was possible on my HTC dedie 2 years ago
fye85 said:
How flash the factory image in fast boot?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Look here http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2010312.
gee2012 said:
Look here http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2010312.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Like i said i cant enable bebuging mod so im stuck in step one 'install drivers'
fye85 said:
Like i said i cant enable bebuging mod so im stuck in step one 'install drivers'
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yep nothing, when i typing fastboot devices in command prompt i cant see nothing;
My devices isnt reconise
Probleme solved.
It came from windows 8 (like always).
Have to change windows boot seetings befor installing drivers tuto is here :
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=33463359&postcount=109
please update thread title, it would be helpful for others...
Sent from my Nexus 4 using xda premium

Error while restoring /data !

Anyone, please Help me !*I just backup my Rom with CWM, and it work normally..
When i played with ppsspp program, my Galaxy Young has turn off automatic...And when i want to reboot it, i got bootloop*Because of that, i wanted to restore my Rom, but there is a text " error while restoring /data ! "*
Please help mee*:'(
Fidelord said:
Anyone, please Help me !*I just backup my Rom with CWM, and it work normally..
When i played with ppsspp program, my Galaxy Young has turn off automatic...And when i want to reboot it, i got bootloop*Because of that, i wanted to restore my Rom, but there is a text " error while restoring /data ! "*
Please help mee*:'(
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Have you renamed or changed anything in the backup??
Try to restore advance....it may helps you.
:thumbup: DON'T FORGET TO PRESS THANKS BUTTON IF I HAVE A BIT SUCCESS TO HELP YOU :thumbup:
No, advance restore won't help. Wipe data and cache then flash a custom rom rather than reverting to stock again.
Sent from my GT-S5360 using xda premium
Still not working..
I know what happen if i rename my back up file, but i don't do that ..
Flashing ? I can't download firmware because it has a big memory...
Are there any way to fix my problem ?
Fidelord said:
Anyone, please Help me !*I just backup my Rom with CWM, and it work normally..
When i played with ppsspp program, my Galaxy Young has turn off automatic...And when i want to reboot it, i got bootloop*Because of that, i wanted to restore my Rom, but there is a text " error while restoring /data ! "*
Please help mee*:'(
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Is /data mountable on CWM?
Fidelord said:
Anyone, please Help me !*I just backup my Rom with CWM, and it work normally..
When i played with ppsspp program, my Galaxy Young has turn off automatic...And when i want to reboot it, i got bootloop*Because of that, i wanted to restore my Rom, but there is a text " error while restoring /data ! "*
Please help mee*:'(
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I just replied to you in the help thread.
Check this out.
IanDrexP said:
Is /data mountable on CWM?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
No, it's unmountable data
I didn't say that you would download a firmware. I clearly said "FLASH A CUSTOM ROM".
Sent from my GT-S5360 using xda premium
CrazeXDA said:
I didn't say that you would download a firmware. I clearly said "FLASH A CUSTOM ROM".
Sent from my GT-S5360 using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Oh, sorry
Hmm, i must to flash a custom rom, then flash again into the Stock Rom ?
No! Don't do that! In my experience, flashing custom roms after something bad happens always saves my phone. Just do what you want sir.
Sent from my GT-S5360 using xda premium

Accidentally deleted OS, stuck in TWRP recovery

Well, it looks like I unintentionally wiped the /data partition using TWRP right after I did my first backup after rooting. Now I obviously can't boot since system, data, cache, etc. are wiped. The backup I just made was also wiped
tuamazing said:
Well, it looks like I unintentionally wiped the /data partition using TWRP right after I did my first backup after rooting. Now I obviously can't boot since system, data, cache, etc. are wiped. The backup I just made was also wiped
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Wiping data partition does not wipe the rom. It just resets your rom back to a freash install.
Sent from my LG-D802 using Tapatalk
gentlemandroid17 said:
Wiping data partition does not wipe the rom. It just resets your rom back to a freash install.
Sent from my LG-D802 using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
i formatted my phone so everything got deleted. when i restart my phone take me straight to twrp
tuamazing said:
i formatted my phone so everything got deleted. when i restart my phone take me straight to twrp
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Not sure about twrp. I use cwm and able to load roms through recovery from PC. You should be able to do it with Twrp. If not you will have to kdz back to stock.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2432476
Sent from my LG-D802 using Tapatalk
[
Is there anyway to mount your phone to your computer? As there is the button on the main page of twrp 3rd one down. If not you should be able to use the adb push command to push it onto the "memory" of the phone allowing for you to read it and you to flash it from there. Or that's happened to me. I've used both of those options :$
Sent from my Rezound using xda-developers app. CyanogenMod 11. S-off
I did the same accidentally
pball52998 said:
Is there anyway to mount your phone to your computer? As there is the button on the main page of twrp 3rd one down. If not you should be able to use the adb push command to push it onto the "memory" of the phone allowing for you to read it and you to flash it from there. Or that's happened to me. I've used both of those options :$
Sent from my Rezound using xda-developers app. CyanogenMod 11. S-off
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I did the same accidentally.....cannot get past the LG boot screen ...ADB will not work because its unauthorized and I cannot access my SD card....its a pain in the ass and im pretty upset I slipped so bad considering im kind of a veteran in this stuff and screwed this up ....I just cant find a way to get my rom in there to fix this crap...any help would be fantastic
MoE MuRk said:
I did the same accidentally.....cannot get past the LG boot screen ...ADB will not work because its unauthorized and I cannot access my SD card....its a pain in the ass and im pretty upset I slipped so bad considering im kind of a veteran in this stuff and screwed this up ....I just cant find a way to get my rom in there to fix this crap...any help would be fantastic
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
OTG Cable man!!! There like really cheap!!!
ok thanks
pball52998 said:
OTG Cable man!!! There like really cheap!!! Also thank you for your service for our nation! :victory:
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
ok brother ill look into it and pray it works....thanks a lot for everything:good:
MoE MuRk said:
ok brother ill look into it and pray it works....thanks a lot for everything:good:
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I've heard it works great!! Actually the LG is set to read OTG in stock. It reads it in recovery also! Just try it, I've heard it works great!! :good::fingers-crossed::highfive:
pball52998 said:
I've heard it works great!! Actually the LG is set to read OTG in stock. It reads it in recovery also! Just try it, I've heard it works great!! :good::fingers-crossed::highfive:
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I HOPE!!!!!!!!!!LOL.....ill let you know for sure..lol
MoE MuRk said:
I HOPE!!!!!!!!!!LOL.....ill let you know for sure..lol
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Sounds great! ;D
Item ordered
pball52998 said:
Sounds great! ;D
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
http://www.tigerdirect.com/applications/SearchTools/item-details.asp?EdpNo=7648748&CatId=5411 :good::good::good:
Hope this one will do the job. its on its way lol!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Did not work!!!!
:crying:
MoE MuRk said:
http://www.tigerdirect.com/applications/SearchTools/item-details.asp?EdpNo=7648748&CatId=5411 :good::good::good:
Hope this one will do the job. its on its way lol!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
DID NOT WORK!!!!! I WASTED 21 DOLLARS ON THIS TO FIX MY PHONE AND IT DOES NOT WORK.....DO NOT WASTE MONEY ON THE OTG CABLE FOR THE LG G2 IF YOU ACCIDENTALLY DELETE ****!!!!! BECAUSE IT.....WILL!!!!!!!NOT!!!!!!!WORK!!!!:crying::crying::crying:
I GOT BAD INFORMATION!!
---------- Post added at 04:13 PM ---------- Previous post was at 03:45 PM ----------
Guys I accidentally deleted everything in my LG G2(VS980) during a cwm cleanup and now my phone gets stuck on the LG screen and goes nowhere. Adb wont work because I cant confirm the handshake and I cant push anything on the internal storage with OTG neither.....Ive wasted money trying to do so....Everyone out there is telling me this has never ever in the entire world happened to them???their really aint a fix or what???I need help bad....all the geniuses in this world have to know something........:crying:
I managed to do this once, I used TWRP adb sideload to push CM11 to my device then flashed back to stock from there.
if u have twrp 2.6.3.3 it will support otg u have to mount it after you connect to phone in recovery mode if not try format the card u r using for otg with fat32 file system and then try and if it still does not use and sideload in advanced settings to push rom, unfortunately LG drivers in pc does not seem to help pc see your phone in sideload mode so try installing pdanet drivers in ur pc and then connect ur phone to pc in sideload and push rom I did this several times and it worked all the time.
Sent from my LG-D800 using xda app-developers app

Missing space after failed .zip backup

Hi all,
I have a really strange issue. I'm on galaxy i9505 4.4.2 rooted with CWM 6.0.4.4.
I tried to create a backup zip file with CWM. As I didn't have enough space, it failed.
No probs... I rebooted my phone and it says I've not enough space on internal SD.
Under memory (screenshot attached) I see the bar having more or less 1,5GB free.
Instead the free space is just 387MB....
My first thought is, there's still a temp file of the zip I wanted to backup, but I searched everywhere and I can't find it...
Help!
Sandro
there an app called 360 Security that cleans Junk Files & Cache & unusable Apk
RubbaBand said:
there an app called 360 Security that cleans Junk Files & Cache & unusable Apk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I tried it. Nice app... but I still have this issue.
I thought also to format the internal sd and then copy some data back, but honestly with kies it's a pain in the ass... perhaps android file transfer doesnt work on my computer....
Any suggestion? Someone had my same problem?
Sent from my GT-I9505 using xda app-developers app
foongaz said:
I tried it. Nice app... but I still have this issue.
I thought also to format the internal sd and then copy some data back, but honestly with kies it's a pain in the ass... perhaps android file transfer doesnt work on my computer....
Any suggestion? Someone had my same problem?
Sent from my GT-I9505 using xda app-developers app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Flash through ODIN: TWRP or Philz (CWM is oldest)
Joku1981 said:
Use TWRP or Philz, CWM is oldest.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I'd love to. I didn't because I upgraded to 4.4.2 before rooting etc.
Runs Philz also om 4.2.2 now?
Should I simply flash it on top of CWM with odin or do I need to remove something manually first?
Thanx
Sent from my GT-I9505 using xda app-developers app
foongaz said:
I'd love to. I didn't because I upgraded to 4.4.2 before rooting etc.
Runs Philz also om 4.2.2 now?
Should I simply flash it on top of CWM with odin or do I need to remove something manually first?
Thanx
Sent from my GT-I9505 using xda app-developers app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I mean 4.4.2 of course....
foongaz said:
I'd love to. I didn't because I upgraded to 4.4.2 before rooting etc.
Runs Philz also om 4.2.2 now?
Should I simply flash it on top of CWM with odin or do I need to remove something manually first?
Thanx
Sent from my GT-I9505 using xda app-developers app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yes you can flash it directly over your previous recovery no problem
just look for clockworkmod folder
Sent from dish washer
11calcal said:
Yes you can flash it directly over your previous recovery no problem
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Perfect.
So now I've flashed PhilZ. All best.
Rebooted: still missing those 1 GB.... grrr...
Now I'm thinking to format my internal SD.
What's the better way to do it?
Since it's impossible from stock rom anymore, i guess the only option would be from PhilZ.
BTW I'd also like to install MIUI later, so should I do simply a factory reset and full wipe?
Thanx BTW. :good:
smep said:
just look for clockworkmod folder
Sent from dish washer
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
+1
foongaz said:
Perfect.
So now I've flashed PhilZ. All best.
Rebooted: still missing those 1 GB.... grrr...
Now I'm thinking to format my internal SD.
What's the better way to do it?
Since it's impossible from stock rom anymore, i guess the only option would be from PhilZ.
BTW I'd also like to install MIUI later, so should I do simply a factory reset and full wipe?
Thanx BTW. :good:
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Sandro,
Have you looked up what @smep said about looking at clockworkmod folder & see if it's still holding some space from your unsuccessful backup ?
Also yes you can format using Philz recovery. Always wipe if moving roms unless Dev states not to
11calcal said:
+1
Sandro,
Have you looked up what @smep said about looking at clockworkmod folder & see if it's still holding some space from your unsuccessful backup ?
Also yes you can format using Philz recovery. Always wipe if moving roms unless Dev states not to
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yep. I have 3 files inside (seen with Root Browser):
.nomedia (0 Byte)
.recovery_version (37,00 B)
.settings (285 B)
I don't think those 3 are occupying space... its just strange that .nomedia has 0 Bytes...
Is this folder also used by PhilZ?
About formatting with PhilZ:
-boot
-system
-cache
-preload
-data
-storage/sdcard1
-data and data/media
I'd go for sdcard1 only, but it seems the external one, right?.
Or should I also format one of these?
Thanx
Sandro
Ok for the second question I've found this thread:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2544369
I've formatted the last voice (data and data media (sd card)).
I have to recover all the stuff from backup, but now I have correct values of space.
Anyway, time to install a custom rom
foongaz said:
Ok for the second question I've found this thread:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2544369
I've formatted the last voice (data and data media (sd card)).
I have to recover all the stuff from backup, but now I have correct values of space.
Anyway, time to install a custom rom
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Glad you got it sorted & didn't format the external SD
Happy flashing

Categories

Resources