Related
Tutorial includes stock firmware .ftf files for Flashtool!
Changelog:
22-08-2012 - Expanded to Xperia Arc section.
This tutorial has been created to help XDA members in order to modify their 2011 Xperia phone. This tutorial is originally made for Xperia Ray by hansip87, link to original topic forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1426912.
Same tutorial in Xperia Mini & Mini Pro & Active section: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1568792
These tutorials can also work on other 2011 Xperia phones. Instructions will also work with ICS unless written otherwise, so read carefully!
All kinds of ideas/comments/critism are always welcome.
Everything you do is on your own responsibility. I am not responsible for any damage that you have made to your phone.
Tutorial includes:
Android Dictionary
Root the Phone(GB and ICS)
What to do after rooting(apps etc)
Installing stock firmware and downgrading
Install Busybox and CWM Recovery
Unbricking your phone(after OTA update)
Install Supercharger to optimize Memory and KAK to optimize Kernel
Edit build.prop for additional optimizations
Enable Dual Band and Burst Mode for Wifi
Unlocking bootloader
Installing custom kernel
Installing custom ROM
Relocking bootloader
Preparing for ICS
Overclock/Underclock/Undervolting guide
Downloads
Frequently Asked Questions(FAQ)
Yet to be added:
List of system apps and which can be removed - Gingerbread and ICS
Optimizing battery life
What will you need:
Stock ROM on your Xperia and USB cable
PC Companion installed on your computer (for base drivers)
FlashTool(Flashtool topic and download)
Enable "USB DEBUGGING" from Menu -> Settings -> Applications -> Development
Enable "UNKNOWN SOURCES" from Menu -> Settings -> Applications
Set Connectivity mode to MSC from Menu -> Sony Ericsson -> Connectivity -> USB Connection Mode
Root Explorer or any file manager that provides access to root (I personally used ES File Explorer)
1. Android Dictionary
ADB - Short for Android Debug Bridge. Part of the Android Software Development Kit (SDK), it allows for ROOT-level access to the Android device from a computer.
Android - Operating System for smartphones and tablets, based on Linux, built by Google, similar to Windows on PC.
AOSP - Short for Android Open Source Project. The open-sourced code from which individuals can build new distributions of Android.
APK - An Android executable file, similar to the .exe file in Windows. Most programs will install with a .apk file.
Baseband - System of a smartphone, that controls the cellular radio systems(GSM, 3G, HSDPA etc).
Bootloader - Controls the booting process, makes sure that you will access User Interface. These programs tell the Android device how to start up, and are critical to its functionality.
Build.prop - A plain text file which contains environmental variables for the system to use during operation. Can be hacked to fake a different model for increased functionality, among many other operations.
BusyBox - Command line bridge, used to give commands to Android system. You will need app to send commands, it will use BusyBox to send the commands.
Brick - A phone, that you paid a lot for and now you can use it as brick, because it doesn't start up.
CWM/ClockworkMod Recovery - A specific program, that is used before booting to Android. Allows the user to make full backup of system and install custom ROMs, updates etc.
CM - Short for CyanogenMod. CyanogenMod is an Android build built from the Android Open Source Project, and its builds are usable on multiple different Android Devices.
Dalvik Cache - The collection of program information stored for use by the DALVIK program. This can be cleared from the RECOVERY menu to resolve issues with the Android OS.
Deodexed - Removing the .odex files from an APK file. The .odex files contain a list of dependencies for the associated file, and if something changes, the .odex (and similarly, the associated file) not longer function correctly.
Downgrade - A job, that you have to do, when you want to get from newer firmware to older firmware.
Factory Reset - This will remove all user customizations in the Android OS, returning it to a factory state. Note: This will not wipe the Internal SD card.
Fastboot - Command Line Tool to edit Android filesystem. Unlike flashmode, this allows flashing unsigned partition images.
FC - Short for FORCE CLOSE. See FORCE CLOSE.
Flashing - The act of writing code to the Android device. ROMs, MODEMs, KERNELs, and BOOTLOADERs can all be flashed. Independent from, and having nothing to do with, Adobe's Flash product.
Flashmode - Phone mode, where you can freely flash any firmware to your phone via WotanServer or Flashtool.
Force Close - When a program on the Android device becomes unstable, the DALVIK program will force it to terminate to prevent further system instability.
GB/Gingerbread - Android 2.3 version, codename Gingerbread, mostly used shortly as GB.
Governor - A program that interacts with the device hardware to increase or decrease the processor's clock speed (e.g. at low usage, it will set the processor speed to 400 MHz, but as usage increases, it would scale up to 1000 MHz).
HSUPA/HSDPA - Short for High Speed (Up/Down) Packet Access. This is 3G+, and is the Android device's internet speed level between 3G and 4G.
ICS/Ice Cream Sandwich - Android 4.0 version, codename Ice Cream Sandwich, mostly used shortly as ICS.
Kernel - Bridge between hardware and Android, used for hardware information exchange and control hardware parts(CPU etc).
Launcher - A program that launches programs in Android. Examples are Touchwiz (Samsung), Launcher Pro, ADW Launcher, and Go Launcher.
MD5 Checksum - A 32-digit (128-bit) hash number generated by a cryptographic program to ensure that a downloaded file matches the original file. The original file is run through the MD5 generator program, which creates the 32-bit number. This number is checked against the md5 number created with the file the end user receives to ensure file integrity.
Nandroid Backup - A complete system image backup of the Android device except for the MODEM and KERNEL. Can be accessed from CWM.
OTA/Over The Air - Updating your phone firmware directly from your phone via 3G or WiFi connection.
Overclocking - Setting the processor's clock speed to run faster than its default setting, i.e. 1200 MHz (1.2 GHz) vs 1000 MHz (1.0 GHz).
RAM - Random Access Memory, data storage area, where are currently in use apps and services. It is used, because it has really high data transfer rate compared to other possibilities(SDcard, hard disks etc).
ROM - Read Only Memory, data storage, where the data can only be read by system itself. It includes all data to start the Android. Many developers edit this ROM to change Android interface.
Root(ing) - Process, during which user gets access to Android system partition and files, giving the possibility to edit Android.
SEUS - Sony Ericsson Update Service, can be used in some cases to get back to newest stock firmware.
Undervolting - Setting the voltage levels drawn by the Android device to a lower level to reduce overall battery usage.
WotanServer - A paid application, which can be used to flash any stock firmware version with kernel to your phone.
2a. Root your phone - Gingerbread – only firmware 4.0.2.A.58 or older
Currently ZergRush method by DoomLord is the simplest way to do it.
NOTE: If you have newer firmware(4.0.2.A.0.62 or 4.0.2.A.0.69), check tutorial 3 first to downgrade your firmware.
Download the attached file from here, extract it to a folder using any .zip manager, for example 7-Zip.
Connect Phone to USB.
Execute "RUNME.bat" from the extracted folder.
Follow the instructions in the window.
The phone will be rebooted, after reboot you will have Superuser app and your phone is rooted!
Don't forget to thank DoomLord on the original link in the credits
Now you can access system files on your Android. Some file manager apps will require you to set a ticker to get access to the root, ES File Explorer is one of them. What to do now? Read the next tutorial.
2b. Root your phone – ICS 4.1.A.0.562 ONLY
NOTE: Make sure you have Android 4.0.3 and 4.1.A.0.562 firmware! This might not work on Android 4.0.4!
Download the file from this post, extract it to a folder using any .zip manager, for example 7-Zip/WinRar.
Make sure all drivers are installed.
Make sure USB debugging(Menu\Settings\Developer Options\Development) and Unknown Sources(Menu\Settings\Security) is allowed in the settings.
Connect Phone to USB.
Execute "RUNME.bat" from the extracted folder.
Follow the instructions in the window.
The phone will be rebooted, after reboot you will have Superuser and Busybox and your phone is rooted!
Don't forget to thank DoomLord on the original link in the credits
Now you can access system files on your Android. Some file manager apps will require you to set a ticker to get access to the root, ES File Explorer is one of them. What to do now? Read the next tutorial.
2c. Root your phone – ICS 4.1.B.0.431 and newer
First update your phone to the newest firmware.
Use Flashtool to flash a ICS 4.0.3 stock firmware kernel to your phone.
Run the exploit created for 4.1.A.0.562 firmware, explained in previous tutorial.
Install back ONLY the newest kernel.
Now you can access system files on your Android. Some file manager apps will require you to set a ticker to get access to the root, ES File Explorer is one of them. What to do now? Read the next tutorial.
3. What to do after rooting?
Congratulations! You've rooted your Android phone. But...what now? Here is a list of what you can do:
Install Titanium Backup. It allows you to backup all system and user apps with all data that belongs to the app. Very useful when installing firmwares and wipe is required. Using this program, you can easily backup and restore lots of apps at once. Also includes some other functions, link to Play Store.
Edit your Android. In this tutorial are some modifications that can be done. Read the forum, explore different sections and look for more modifications(there are thousands of them!), that you can do. Watch out, make sure that it will work on your phone, else you might mess up something and need to reinstall the ROM.
Remove unneeded system apps to free up some space on the ROM. This [/B]topic, http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1089470, includes info about APKs, that can be removed and what must stay.
4. Installing stock firmware and downgrading
In the newer firmware, the ZergRush exploit has been blocked. If you want to return to stock ROM or you want to get your phone rooted, you have to install (older) firmware to your phone, which can be done 2 ways:
Flashtool, you need to find correct files yourself.
WotanServer, you have to register a account. - Costs €1.99
Flashtool method
Download the correct firmware file for your phone at the bottom of the post.
Make sure Flashtool is installed.
Place downloaded firmware file(.ftf format) in Flashtool\firmwares(by default C:\Program Files\Flashtool) folder.
Start Flashtool.
Click the lightning button and choose Flashmode.
Firmware should appear there, if you have it in correct folder. Choose it.
Turn off your phone, connect USB cable to computer, then press Volume Down button and connect USB cable to your phone.
Flashtool should detect your phone and starts flashing. Follow the instructions.
When it says „Flashing completed“, unplug your phone and turn it on.
WotanServer method
Go to WotanServer.com, make an account and download the client.
Start the client.
It wants to find your phone. Turn off your phone, then connect USB cable to computer, press Volume Down button and connect USB cable to your phone.
WotanClient detects your phone automatically.
Click Advanced Settings and choose firmware (4.0.2.A.0.58 or older if you want to root).
For region, it isn’t a big deal, which one you choose, although picking own one is easier.
Next, enter your account details(e-mail address and password) and click Update. Make sure you have enough credit.
Click Next and it will download proper firmware files and automatically install them.
When it’s ready, unplug your phone and turn it on.
After that you can proceed with rooting your phone, which is explained in previous guide. Or just enjoy your recently installed stock ROM
5a. Installing ClockworkMod Recovery
NOTE: You must have stock and rooted phone!
NOTE: Most custom kernels already include Recovery.
What you need to do:
Go to this link: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1346190 and download SE Tweak Installer.
Connect your phone via USB cable.
Start SE Tweak Installer.
Pick CWM, which is for your phone.
Click Install and wait. When it is ready, CWM is installed.
There is one more solution to install Recovery.
Go to Android Market/Play Store.
Search for X-Parts.
Download the app to your phone and start it.
Follow the instructions to install the Recovery.
And enjoy having a recovery.
To enter the Recovery, turn off your phone, then turn it again, when Sony Ericsson logo appears, get ready. When screen gets brighter during Sony Ericsson logo, click Volume down button(I usually keep clicking it until I get into the recovery).
To move around in Recovery, use volume buttons to go up/down, Menu button to enter, Power button for back(in some cases, also back button works).
5b. Installing BusyBox
NOTE: Requires root.
NOTE: If you used zergRush method to root, BusyBox is automatically installed already and you can skip this.
Go into Play Store(Android Market) and search for BusyBox Installer.
Download it and start it.
Follow the instructions.
6. Turning the "brick" into a smartphone
If you had unlocked bootloader and did OTA(Over the Air) update, then you probably ended up with a dead phone, aka brick. Don't worry, it is not completely bricked, still can be saved!
Download UnbrickingXperia2011.zip file from this post below.
Unpack the .zip file and place the .ftf file in Flashtool\firmwares folder.
Open Flashtool.
Get your phone to flashmode, make sure it is turned off, press down Volume DOWN button and connect USB cable.
In Flashtool, click the lightning button, pick Flashmode and choose the Xperia_2011_FreeXperia_ALL.ftf file.
Let Flashtool finish.
Install stock firmware and kernel to your phone.
Remove USB cable from your phone and start your phone.
Try not to brick it again, less problems for you.
7a. Installing V6 Supercharger
Both can be used to improve the speed of your phone. Supercharger is meant to improve RAM, KAK is for kernel.
Install Script Manager.
Download Supercharger from this topic, http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=991276, make sure to download the "V6_Supercharger_for_Android-update8.sh.txt" file.
Place the file on root of your SDcard, that is the main folder on SDcard(where everything else is).
Open Script Manager, start the V6 Supercharger as normal. You can choose 0 as scrolling speed.
Pick the choice, that you like. I have used Agressive 1 personally(enter the number infront).
When done setup, just exit from the menu (no.17). The result file named 99Supercharger will be generated at /data/ (or in /system/etc/init.d/99Supercharger if you have init.d mod)
(If you use init.d mod, skip this) Open Script Manager, select the /data/99Supercharger.sh, and when the properties window pops up, tag it as "su" and "boot") The ScriptManager will load it at startup and as root, otherwise it will fail.
To test if the script is loaded or not, launch again the setup script(repeat step 4-5) You will find a text like "Launcher is.. xxxxxxx" if it is written as "weak", the script is not running yet. If it is "hard to kill" it is running correctly.
7b. Installing Kickass Kernelizer
This should improve your kernel, haven't tested myself yet.
Go to http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=22078137&postcount=7649 and download the file.
Open it with Script Manager.
Follow the instructions.
Press I for Install.
(If you use init.d mod, skip this) Open ScriptManager, select the /data/98KickAssKernel.sh, when the properties window pops up, tag it as "su" and "boot") The Script Manager will load it at startup and as root, otherwise it will not work properly.
Reboot your phone.
To verify, run it again after reboot and when it offers Verify, choose it.
8. Editing build.prop to optimize your phone's system
Build.prop consists of quite a lot lines, which set up, how some phone functions work. To edit the file, you need root rights and a program to explore root(ES File Explorer, Root Explorer etc).
Making a NANDroid backup in Recovery first is a good idea, because if you make a mistake in build.prop file, and phone does not boot into Android, you can still restore it.
Start your Explorer app and go to directory \system
Open build.prop file with a text editor.
Go with your PC to this post: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=16833651&postcount=1. There are also other tweaks, you can try if you want(you might need init.d script for your ROM for init.d tweaks).
Read the first part of the post, there are some build.prop tweaks, choose which ones you want.
Make modifications in your build.prop file, save it and restart your phone.
Changes should take effect, if you have made a mistake, edit the file again or restore the backup, depending on the situation.
Some more tweaks for build.prop, init.d etc:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1289539
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1342241
9. Enabling WiFi Dual Band and Burst Mode
As the title already, this is to increase the internet speed for WiFi on your phone.
Personally, I didn't notice any difference in battery usage.
Open Root Explorer, go to \system\etc and open file named tiwlan.ini with Text Editor.
Edit these lines:
Code:
HT_Enable=0
BurstModeEnable = 0
WiFiAdhoc = 0
to
Code:
HT_Enable=1
BurstModeEnable = 1
WiFiAdhoc = 1
and
Code:
Single_Dual_Band_Solution = 0
to
Code:
Single_Dual_Band_Solution = 1
Reboot your phone.
10. Unlocking bootloader
Unlocked bootloader is needed for most custom ROMs and for ALL custom kernels. It allows the booting system to be changed.
This can be done via official way or via test point method. Official way also removes DRM keys, which cannot be restored at all.
WARNING: You will lose warranty with this!
THE OFFICIAL METHOD - You lose DRM!
Go to http://unlockbootloader.sonymobile.com.
Enter service menu, open keypad and enter *#*#7378423#*#*.
Service Info - Configuration, Bootloader Unlock Allowed: Yes/No. If it says Yes, continue. If it says No, do not continue, because it will not work.
On the website, click "Start Unlocking the bootloader".
In the text, there are instructions, what you need to do. Also there are drivers that are needed for this process. Follow the instructions.
Install the drivers, then click Continue.
Enter your IMEI, name and e-mail. Leave out the last number from the IMEI.
You get a code, leave the website open, you will need this code.
Turn off your phone, then connect USB cable to your PC, hold down Volume UP button and connect USB cable to your phone. Blue LED should light up.
You will be asked for drivers. Point to the usb_driver folder where you placed the android_winusb.inf-file, and select the Android Boot loader Interface-file.
Open command prompt, first enter this
Code:
cd C:\...\android-sdk\platform-tools
Replace C with the correct drive letter and ... with the path to the android-sdk folder. Next, enter this command
Code:
fastboot.exe -i 0x0fce oem unlock 0xKEY
Replace KEY with the key that you got from the website.
Bootloader is now unlocked.
THE TEST POINT METHOD
Go to this topic http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1285285.
Follow the instructions to patch bootloader.
11. Installing custom kernel
Most custom ROMs will require a custom kernel, some of these include it already(CM, MIUI etc), other you need to find yourself(Hybrom). Installation is done via fastboot. First, you need to find a custom kernel, that will work on your phone. You can find these from Development section.
Make sure your bootloader is unlocked, enter service menu(*#*#7378423#*#*), Service Info, Configuration, if it says Bootloader unlocked: Yes, then it is unlocked.
Make sure fastboot drivers are installed. These should come with Android SDK.
Download the kernel you want. You will need a .img file, which is mostly inside a .zip file.
From the downloads section, download kernel installation package and extract the folder.
Place the .img file inside the folder. If it's name isn't boot.img yet, rename it to boot.img.
Place your phone in fastboot. Turn it off, connect USB cable to your computer, hold Volume UP button and then connect USB cable to your phone. Blue LED should light UP.
Double-click on the flash.cmd file. It will start fastboot automatically and install the kernel.
When finished, disconnect the cable and turn on your phone.
12. Installing custom ROM
Requirements: Unlocked bootloader, ROM .zip file downloaded.
Nothing difficult here.
Place the downloaded .zip file to the root of your SDcard.
Install the custom kernel, explained in previous tutorial.
Enter Recovery(while booting, when screen gets brighter, press Volume Down button until phone enters Recovery).
Make factory reset, wipe cache partition and clear Dalvik Cache(under Advanced).
NB! Do NOT make format /system, because some ROMs require files from system folder and installation will not finish if files are not available. Then you have to install stock ROM again.
Choose install zip from sdcard, pick the downloaded .zip file on your SDcard.
Wait for it to finish and reboot your phone.
13. Relocking bootloader
When you return to stock and/or need warranty back, you will need to relock bootloader. First install stock ROM and kernel and then relock bootloader, else you will have problems. Depending on the unlocking method, there are 2 ways to relock.
TEST POINT METHOD
Start S1 Tool and click Restore button. Should relock the bootloader automatically.
OFFICIAL METHOD
Will not work on test point method, because bootloader was patched there ant not unlocked.
Make sure you have Flashtool installed.
From the downloads section, download Xperia_Relock_Bootloader.zip file.
Extract the package, there is a .ftf file.
Flash the .ftf file with Flashtool.
Bootloader is locked again
14. Preparing for Ice Cream Sandwich update
ICS update is already released. You might want to know, what you need to do to get the update. Make sure, that you have
a working Xperia 2011 device
with stock ROM and stock kernel installed(if you install via PC Companion or SEUS)
and locked bootloader(if you install via PC Companion or SEUS).
Root access doesn't matter(according to current information), whether you have or not. It is lost after update anyway.
PC Companion and/or Update Service installed on your computer.
Drivers working for your phone.
Official update will only be available via PC Companion and Update Service. But you can also use Flashtool to install ICS.
15. Overclock/undervolt/underclock guide
Want to give your phone a small performance boost? Or save battery?
WARNING! The following is done fully under your own responsibility! Overclocking is a dangerous process and doing it without knowledge will end in FULL BRICK! Be careful with what you do and proceed only if you fully understand the process!
You need root, unlocked bootloader and custom kernel, that allows OC/UC/UV, installed.
Install app to edit the CPU, for example SetCPU, SetXperia, NoFrills CPU Control or another one.
Open the application on your phone.
CPU Frequency is the clock, how fast your CPU works. The faster it works, the more power it uses, more heat is generated, info is faster calculated.
CPU voltage is how much power the CPU receives. It can affect, how CPU works. Manufacturers set it to high enough for CPU to work properly. You can set it lower to save battery, however you might occur problems with your phone!
Search on internet for more information about overclocking to know more about it.
Do everything carefully, as a small mistake could result in serious problems(for example, FULL BRICK due to motherboard damage). Repairing can cost more than phone itself.
XX. Downloads
Stock firmwares, ftf file is inside the zip/7z archive(except PreRooted firmwares)
4.0.2.A.0.XX type - Android 2.3 Gingerbread
4.1.A.0.562 - Android 4.0.3 Ice Cream Sandwich - You will need 7-zip to extract the ftf file.
4.1.B.0.431 and 4.1.B.0.587 - Android 4.0.4 Ice Cream Sandwich - You will need 7-zip to extract the ftf file.
Xperia Mini (ST15i)
4.0.2.A.0.42 - http://www.mediafire.com/?uboo3lrdxnoeldn
4.0.2.A.0.62 - http://www.mediafire.com/?zad88cn2n78ashv
4.1.B.0.431 - http://www.mediafire.com/?wot47vumhstlc4h
Xperia Mini Pro (SK17i)
4.0.2.A.0.42 - http://www.mediafire.com/?hevz3x5w9pqt24q
PreRooted 4.0.2.A.0.69 - http://www.mediafire.com/?desy0bkka1b44g0 - Flashable zip
4.1.B.0.431 - http://www.mediafire.com/?j0bdx06zz5skvzt
Xperia Mini Pro (SK17a) - "a" model
4.0.2.A.0.58 - http://www.mediafire.com/?433tco785pj1y69 - Branded Mexico Telcel firmware
4.0.2.A.0.62 - http://www.mediafire.com/?zykznaar0yjxbp5
4.1.B.0.431 - http://www.mediafire.com/?9d2wcbfqly4lkf3
Xperia Active (ST17i)
4.0.2.A.0.42 - http://www.mediafire.com/?3zm7iss0sid94wr
4.1.B.0.431 - http://www.mediafire.com/?7hsrd2wmuqgmmq1
Xperia Active (ST17a) - "a" model
4.1.B.0.431 - http://www.mediafire.com/?yvjnt0qctun9t6j
Xperia Live with Walkman (WT19i)
4.0.2.A.0.42 - http://www.mediafire.com/?5ahb85ir7ni0i06
4.0.2.A.0.58 - http://www.mediafire.com/?4deeznrbldz886u
4.0.2.A.0.62 - http://www.mediafire.com/?ervpg54922b9c0p
4.1.B.0.431 - http://www.mediafire.com/?xklhl2uk1itk0ey
Xperia Live with Walkman (WT19a) - "a" model
4.0.2.A.0.58 - http://www.mediafire.com/?adigb2qgvpf0o1s
4.1.B.0.431 - http://www.mediafire.com/?4t3mm7dvm01v3mh
Xperia Ray (ST18i)
4.0.2.A.0.42 - http://www.mediafire.com/?0oi9t2m0z5p8a9y
4.1.A.0.562 - http://www.mediafire.com/?1lh84f1nyzoz883
4.1.B.0.431 - http://www.mediafire.com/?2j7i7rruqxnui3q
Xperia Arc (LT15i)
4.0.2.A.0.42 - http://www.mediafire.com/?8aa5x52vc9dc25l
4.0.2.A.0.62 - http://www.mediafire.com/?0ann64yqnl4ei62
4.1.B.0.431 - http://www.mediafire.com/?pzr6phfd19xgbva
Xperia Arc S (LT18i)
4.0.2.A.0.42 - http://www.mediafire.com/?9mz2rhdouu6ggtk
4.0.2.A.0.62 - http://www.mediafire.com/?gn6y626km6nryi7
4.1.A.0.562 - http://www.mediafire.com/?9at03bbhdf72h3h
4.1.B.0.431 - http://www.mediafire.com/?20z5t5tg3dgbugz
Xperia Neo (MT15i)
4.0.2.A.0.42 - http://www.mediafire.com/?4qy6vd4ndbfy8wy
4.0.2.A.0.62 - http://www.mediafire.com/?4apn8hchshmqq07
4.1.B.0.431 - http://www.mediafire.com/?6i2ihiint7tfl79
Xperia Neo V (MT11i)
4.0.2.A.0.42 - http://www.mediafire.com/?8bwwe8m6c49vs4t
4.0.2.A.0.62 - http://www.mediafire.com/?elicesjb6aerb7i
4.1.A.0.562 - http://www.mediafire.com/?aao25nnf30rcs50
4.1.B.0.431 - http://www.mediafire.com/?84d4w462qdfk44a
Xperia Play (R800i)
4.0.2.A.0.42 - http://www.mediafire.com/?cne2yvrtcu3ccvn
Xperia Pro(MK16i)
4.1.B.0.431 - http://www.mediafire.com/?8jdu5dkhlm4psoc
Kernel Installation Package for Xperia phones - http://www.mediafire.com/?c0u0kf0ud5jvkhk
Unbricking Xperia 2011 Package - http://www.mediafire.com/?s166qsg8qaaxc43
Relocking Xperia Bootloader Package - http://www.mediafire.com/?1an09qoq5yq4b5y
XX. Frequently Asked Questions
Q. I just installed custom ROM, but phone is frozen at the logo!
A. Did you install custom kernel, which is confirmed to be working with that ROM? If you did everything correctly, it might take a while, because at first boot new caches are created.
Q. Flashtool won't install stock firmware, gives this-and-this error.
A. Make sure phone is in flashmode(turn off, hold down Volume DOWN, connect USB cable). If yes, make sure, that correct drivers are installed. If yes, post here with FULL log, and I will take a look.
CREDITS
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1093062 - Android dictionary
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=18805532 – zergRush rooting method by DooMLoRD
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1346190 - SE Tweak Installer by quangnhut123
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1426912 - Original tutorial by hansip87
FreeXperia Team for the unbricking file
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=991276 - V6 Supercharger
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=22078137&postcount=7649 - Kickass Kernelizer by zeppelinrox
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1477440 - Stock firmware list for 2011 Xperia phones by benji.berg
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=24882250 - DooMLoRD ICS Rooting method
http://www.xperiablog.net/2012/04/16/root-for-android-4-0-ics-xperia-update-now-available-guide/ - Original Xperia ICS rooting guide
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=26914104#post26914104 - Android 4.0.4 rooting guide by puppet13th
All users, who gave me ideas for this topic.
All users, who have shared their stock firmwares.
Everyone else, who I may have forgotten.
Still needs to be edited in order to fit it for Arc/Arc S/Pro.
If you notice a bug or have an idea, let me know.
Also, critism is welcome.
Android Kitkat based ROM for the ZTE Blade L2
SwitchBL2de
ROM Features:
PreRooted
Apex Launcher
Debloated
Micro SD switched with Phone Storage
Zipalligned
ZRAM
build.prop Tweaks for the following :
Video and Photo Quality
Internet Connection Speed/Quality
Network Performance
Download Link:
Removed - Recompiling Rom, My sincerest apologies to DeviRSilva.
I used an earlier version of his kernel for the build - http://forum.xda-developers.com/android/development/kernel-devir-blade-l216-11-2014-t2945103
MD5 : a719cb770585f24c891fe47da9e56245
Note - Updated hosts file for ad blocking (Use xposed module "hosts Enabler" to prevent adverts)
Once Rom is installed and you restart phone from recovery
It may give the following warning "Root access possibly lost. Fix? THIS CAN NOT BE UNDONE"
Select "Yes - Fix root (/system/xbin/su)"
Credits to BSDgeek_Jake for the hosts file (http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1916098)
*****************************************************************************************************************************************
Custom Recovery
Please have a read through the information in this link : http://www.howtogeek.com/193055/what-is-a-custom-recovery-on-android-and-why-would-i-want-one/
Flashing a custom recovery on the L2 is a simple process.
Things Required for this process:
Rooted Phone - (Please see the post on Rooting)
Mobile Uncle Tools APK
Recovery Image
First you have to allow the phone to install apps that dont come from Google Play Store.To do so,follow the guide :
1.Settings Menu
2.Security
3.Enable(tick) Unknown sources
4.Untick Verify apps
You can always reset these back to how you found them when you are done.
Download Mobile Uncle Tools
Mega Link: http://goo.gl/IkyVDo
or
MediaFire Link : http://goo.gl/c5q6Jh
Copy APK file to your SD card,use your file manager to install it.
Run Mobile uncle tools,allow root permissions when menu pops up.
You can close the app for now.Next thing we need is the actual recovery file itself.I've attached the recovery i find works best
Carliv Touch Recovery v2.2 - MTK CWM-based v 6.0.4.4
Download Recovery.img file
Mega Link: http://goo.gl/1f8OwX
or
MediaFire Link :http://goo.gl/U1D2Zu
MD5 :9f770b95df8e1beabd7417fc112190bc
Once the file has downloaded,copy to the root of your SD Card.
Open Mobile Uncle Tools and Select "Recovery Update".
Be sure to Select the downloaded recovery image,not anything else.
Select the file and proceed with installation.Mobile uncle tools will then prompt you to reboot into recovery if the update was successful.Select Yes and the phone will reboot into the new recovery menu
Credits to :
eddy.rugal - Base Rom
Carliv - For Recovery
njava - For Mobileuncle MTK Tool
Update
Resize Apps Partition
WARNING! This can BRICK your phone if done incorrectly.
PLEASE FOLLOW ALL STEPS CORRECTLY.
Please make a backup of all your important stuff.
Make a backup in the recovery.Make 100% sure the backup completes without any errors
Reboot into recovery mode (Hold the Up button and press power button to turn device on)
1.Select Backup and Restore
2.Select Backup and Confirm(Proceed)
Once the backup is complete,the backup is located in "clockworkmod" folder on SD Card
You have to factory reset device,so be prepared to reinstall apps/games (You are going to lose data)
If you are fine with all of the above,The following mod increases the App Partition size from 1GB to 2GB.It rewrites the Internal Storage to 513MB(Used for videos/pictures,which is fine since we use our Micro SD cards for that)
If you are happy with all of the above,you can proceed with the next step :
Firstly,Download all files required and copy to SD Card
2 GB for apps_Jellybean_4.zip (232.63 KB)
Mega Link - http://goo.gl/ao3NFO
or
Media Fire Link - http://goo.gl/3j9RWm
AND
MTK_Nvram_Tool.zip (2.9MB)
Mega Link - http://goo.gl/Z2Chpx
or
Media Fire Link - http://goo.gl/sjah8X
Once on SD Card,reboot into recovery mode (Hold the Up button and press power button to turn device on)
1.Select "Install Zip"
2.Select "Choose zip Sdcard"
3.Choose "MTK_Nvram_Tool.zip"
4.Select "Yes - Install MTK_Nvram_Tool.zip"
5.Click Next
6.Select "I Agree with this Terms and Conditions" and click Next
7.Click Next again
9.Choose 'Nvram Backup"
Once its done it should say "Backup Completed"
Under that it should say "Nvram Backup Successfully Completed"
It give the location for that backup,always keep that file (Copy to the PC Later)
10.Click OK
11.Click Exit
12.Click Yes
Now you are back at the install update from zip file screen.
13.Select "Install Zip"
14.Select "Choose zip Sdcard"
15.Choose "2 GB for apps_Jellybean_4.zip"
16.Select "Yes - Install 2 GB for apps_Jellybean_4.zip"
17.Go back to main menu
18.Choose Wipe menu
19.Choose Wipe Data (Factory Reset) -THIS WILL ERASE YOUR DATA
20.Wipe Cache
21.Wipe Dalvik Cache
22.Go back to main menu and reboot phone
The phone should reboot.If you get a message saying you have to format phone storage,click yes to format.
Go to Settings,Storage and See Total space is now 1.97GB
If the phone wont boot,power down,then hold up key and turn on to get into recovery mode.
1.Select Backup and Restore
2.Select Restore and Confirm(Proceed)
Restore the backup you made earlier.
This should let the system load when you reboot again,even if it asks you to format the phone again.
Copy NVRAM Backup to PC for safe keeping.
If you want to return to original/stock
Follow the same procedure as above but use the following file instead of the 2GB File
Stock Partition_Jellybean_4.zip (232.63KB)
Mega Link - http://goo.gl/pMn0ea
or
Media Fire - http://goo.gl/KJfRF7
Credits to :
AnoopKumar - MTK Nvram Tool
Andalitez said:
Hi Guys
Just an update.I downloaded the update from the website again,used winRAR and replaced the modem file in the system.
Everything works great now
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hey man can u yplease hook me up with the modem file im kida stuck with unkown baseband too
Replied
BlaqueDroid said:
Hey man can u yplease hook me up with the modem file im kida stuck with unkown baseband too
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hey man.
Sent you a PM.Currently working on a rom,will only be able to upload it for you in afew hours
ZTE
ztedevices.com/search.html?keyword=blade l2 look on there for the firmware for your device , push via adb sideloading and you should be set
noob problem...
guys, can you please help me...I also have the same problem when I flashed the kitkat rom...my blade l2 now can't read my simcard...what should I do?...
No Sim Detected
eochi18jhae said:
guys, can you please help me...I also have the same problem when I flashed the kitkat rom...my blade l2 now can't read my simcard...what should I do?...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Okay,you have to download the firmware version for your country,and have custom recovery installed on the phone.
So if you in UK,download the rom for your phone from UK provider.(doesnt matter if its JB or KK)
http://www.ztedevices.com/support/index.html
Once you have the rom,Use winRAR to do the following:
1.open the rom from your country in winrar so you can see the contents.
2.Open system folder (dont extract,just navigate into the folders in winrar)
3.Open "etc" folder
4.Open Firmware folder
5.Select "modem_1_wg_n.img" and extract it(i just drag and drop on desktop)
6.Open the Kitkat firmware you've downloaded using winRAR
7.Open System folder
8.Open "etc" folder
9.Open Firmware folder
10. Copy the "modem_1_wg_n.img" into that location(drag and drop from desktop)
11.winRAR asks if you want to :Add/Replace file/s? Select Yes or OK to allow it to
12.copy entire firmware to phone and reflash it on the phone from the SD card
I dont know if you can just replace the modem file after having loaded the firmware.I didnt try or test it.it may or may not work.
I am working on Custom Firmware for this phone though.
latest achievement was i managed to get the phone to see the SD card as phone storage thanks to various xda guides.this will be built in
FIrmware should be ready in a few days after testing.if anybody is interested in trying it out,let me know
problem solved...
Thank you sir...problem solved...it's really hard to be a noob...have to understand a lot of things now....I'm willing to try your firmware on my phone...upload it when done...keep up the good work...sorry for my english...
Post has been updated
I need to talk to you.... Go read my PM
installation is always aborted.. PLEASE HELP
Replied
Thanks
The thread is so useful... Keep up the good work, I don't have patience to try the new ROM!
Is there any chance for kernel supporting overclocking and undervoltage, also with more Gvernor and I/O Sheduler options?
Also Would be gorgeous if there's tap screen to wake option, this would need custom kernel too...
I'm now using DeviRSilva's kernel, which is doing great! Man, don't be afraid to relese it and continue tweaks
Still I'm a noob and maybe half of theese wishes are impossible, but would be so cool if they're possible to develop!
PD: I saw a site promoting Lollipop ROM for our L2 is that real?
PD2: Sorry for my awful English and probably stupid requests and questions...
helpppp
I have probelm, phone do not show sim card, on official site there is no serbia rom please how to fix it?
Andalitez said:
Replied
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It fails to flash the ROM with the updated radio file. Just stops at Can't open... file.zip '(bad)'. Installation aborted.
How to fix?
Hi how do i unroot the zte blade l2?
And how to I remove costum recovery and reinstall stock recovery and stock rom?
Thanks just asking in case of sending it back for repairing.
Just noticed that the download link has been remoded.
Can someone provide a link for this rom?
Thanks.
Does this ROM have Greek language installed ???
no links are working
I need a copy of carliv recovery and backup of stock recovery as u think although my mobile mainly working I think the recovery is corrupt and has screwed my sound thanks in advance as I am taking a giant leap and biting bullet to try this recovery hope it can flash the legit kit kat if ever released by zte or virgin UK thanks
Andalitez said:
Android Kitkat based ROM for the ZTE Blade L2
SwitchBL2de
ROM Features:
PreRooted
Apex Launcher
Debloated
Micro SD switched with Phone Storage
Zipalligned
ZRAM
build.prop Tweaks for the following :
Video and Photo Quality
Internet Connection Speed/Quality
Network Performance
Download Link:
Removed - Recompiling Rom, My sincerest apologies to DeviRSilva.
I used an earlier version of his kernel for the build - http://forum.xda-developers.com/android/development/kernel-devir-blade-l216-11-2014-t2945103
MD5 : a719cb770585f24c891fe47da9e56245
Note - Updated hosts file for ad blocking (Use xposed module "hosts Enabler" to prevent adverts)
Once Rom is installed and you restart phone from recovery
It may give the following warning "Root access possibly lost. Fix? THIS CAN NOT BE UNDONE"
Select "Yes - Fix root (/system/xbin/su)"
Credits to BSDgeek_Jake for the hosts file (http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1916098)
*****************************************************************************************************************************************
Custom Recovery
Please have a read through the information in this link : http://www.howtogeek.com/193055/what-is-a-custom-recovery-on-android-and-why-would-i-want-one/
Flashing a custom recovery on the L2 is a simple process.
Things Required for this process:
Rooted Phone - (Please see the post on Rooting)
Mobile Uncle Tools APK
Recovery Image
First you have to allow the phone to install apps that dont come from Google Play Store.To do so,follow the guide :
1.Settings Menu
2.Security
3.Enable(tick) Unknown sources
4.Untick Verify apps
You can always reset these back to how you found them when you are done.
Download Mobile Uncle Tools
Mega Link: http://goo.gl/IkyVDo
or
MediaFire Link : http://goo.gl/c5q6Jh
Copy APK file to your SD card,use your file manager to install it.
Run Mobile uncle tools,allow root permissions when menu pops up.
You can close the app for now.Next thing we need is the actual recovery file itself.I've attached the recovery i find works best
Carliv Touch Recovery v2.2 - MTK CWM-based v 6.0.4.4
Download Recovery.img file
Mega Link: http://goo.gl/1f8OwX
or
MediaFire Link :http://goo.gl/U1D2Zu
MD5 :9f770b95df8e1beabd7417fc112190bc
Once the file has downloaded,copy to the root of your SD Card.
Open Mobile Uncle Tools and Select "Recovery Update".
Be sure to Select the downloaded recovery image,not anything else.
Select the file and proceed with installation.Mobile uncle tools will then prompt you to reboot into recovery if the update was successful.Select Yes and the phone will reboot into the new recovery menu
Credits to :
eddy.rugal - Base Rom
Carliv - For Recovery
njava - For Mobileuncle MTK Tool
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
any news on the kitkat rom yet? super excited to try this out!
is the link for the rom gone?
i dont see it
Why yet another guide? Why should you follow this guide?
This is more of a future reference for myself, but might be beneficial to some other people, hence why I decided to post it.
Thanks to the "dirty cow" exploit (CVE-2016-5195), we now have a more simple way of backing up the TA partition compared to existing guides, which all relied on another exploit that involved downgrading the firmware, thus making the whole process a bit more complicated.
Unfortunately, as you can probably tell, it's still not a painless ordeal, just "less" painful. But hey, at least you have a choice.
To keep this step-by-step walkthrough guide simple and straightforward, I am focusing on just the steps and skipping the explanations.
Let's get started!
Prerequisites
Important: Your phone must be vulnerable to the "dirty cow" exploit, any firmware version with security patch level 2016-12-01 or earlier should work, such as 32.2.A.5.11. Basically, any MM or LP firmware.
Currently there is no way of backing up the TA partition on Android 7.0 Nougat firmware, you will need to downgrade to MM or earlier firmware first.
Remember to backup all your data before you downgrade, since a downgrade is akin to a factory reset. Downgrade instructions:
Follow Step 0, skip Step 1 and 2
In Step 3, download a MM or LP version firmware. For the sake of simplicity, I suggest you download the one labeled Storefront.
Follow Step 4 and 5
Done, your phone is now downgraded, skip the remaining steps. Continue with the guide as usual from Step 1
Note: If the DRM keys are irrelevant to you (TA partition already backed up/restored/lost) and would just like to root, then you can root using this guide on all firmware versions including Android 7.0 Nougat without downgrading. In this case, you can skip Step 1 and Step 7. Depending on your situation, you can also skip other parts of this guide, such as Step 2 if your bootloader is already unlocked, or in Step 5 don't wipe anything (leave all boxes unchecked) to retain your apps and data for a firmware upgrade.
Computer setup with correct drivers and adb/fastboot connection ability.
Enable USB debugging on the phone:
Settings > About phone > Tap multiple times on Build number until Developer options is enabled
Settings > Developer options > USB debugging > Toggle ON
XperiFirm for downloading official Sony firmware directly from Sony's servers
Flashtool for flashing firmware
Battery preferably more than 80% remaining, loss of power while flashing can brick your phone
Step 0 - Backup your phone (optional)
Move all your data to your SD card using the native tool: Settings > Storage > Transfer data to SD card
Use Sony's Backup & restore app to make a backup: Settings > Backup & reset > Xperia Backup & restore > More > Manual backup > Select SD card > Select content to backup
Personally, I choose everything except apps, they can be re-downloaded from the Play Store at any time, plus they take a long time to backup and restore not to mention eats up free space
Step 1 - Backup the TA partition
Download this wonderful TA Backup tool, unzip to desired location
With the phone powered on, connect the USB cable to the computer, then plug the micro USB end to the phone
Open command prompt (Start > Run > cmd), navigate to the directory where you unzipped the TA Backup tool
Run the following command:
Code:
backupTA
The tool will run and if successful, you should see at the bottom the words "TA Successfully pulled to TA_E5823.img".
TA_E5823.img is the TA partition image file, actual filename will be longer and differ for everyone so to keep it simple we'll just refer to it as TA_E5823.img in this guide.
Please check that the file is 2,097,152 bytes. If not or file is missing, then the backup has failed.
If it fails, just run the tool again a few times, or try rebooting your phone then rerun the tool. If you just can't get it to work, seek help from the tool thread.
Step 2 - Unlock the boot loader
Visit Sony's website and follow the instructions carefully
Important: Pay attention to the warnings. No, really, unlocking the boot loader will wipe your DRM keys (hence the need to back them up in Step 1) and trigger a factory reset, erasing everything on your phone.
After you've successfully unlocked the boot loader, unplug your phone and leave it powered off
Step 3 - Download stock firmware
Run XperiFirm, locate the correct Xperia Z5 Compact version of your phone (E5803/E5823) and download the firmware of your choice.
General recommendation is to download the "Customized" version that's available for your country.
Step 4 - Create a FTF file from the firmware
Open Flashtool
Tools > Bundle > Create
Select source file > Locate the folder where you saved the firmware from XperiFirm in step 3 > You should see your device name appear automatically in Device and the folder list below populated
Branding > The same as Operator in XperiFirm, e.g. Customized AU
Version > The version you downloaded, e.g. 32.2.A.5.11
Hint: Both Branding and Version information is in the folder name
In folder list, select the first item, hold SHIFT and select the last item so that all items are highlighted, then click the "- >" button > The folder list should now be empty, and the Firmware content field populated
Click Create, if successful you will see "Bundle creation finished"
Note: The FTF file is saved to %userprofile%\.flashTool\firmwares by default
Step 5 - Flash the FTF file
Click the lightning symbol in Flashtool > Flashmode
Source folder should be pre-selected to the default location mentioned above and "Sony Xperia Z5 Compact" listed in Firmwares
Expand all the arrows and select the version number
Under Wipe/Sin check all options (APPS_LOG, DIAG, SSD, USERDATA), leave all other options unchecked
Click Flash, wait for an instruction prompt to pop up
Plug the USB cable to your computer if it isn't already plugged
Turn off your phone if it isn't powered off, hold the VOLUME DOWN button while connecting the micro USB end to your phone. Keep the VOL DOWN button held until the prompt disappears, which indicates that Flashtool has detected it and is correctly in flashmode.
Flashtool will begin flashing the firmware automatically. It can take a long time, 10~15 minutes is normal, wait until completed
Unplug your phone and do not power it on yet
Step 6 - Patch the kernel
Download this awesome rootkernel tool, unzip to desired location.
Extract the kernel image file kernel.sin from the FTF file using any file compression program such as 7zip, WinZip, WinRAR, etc.
Open Flashtool > Tools > Sin Editor > Sin file > Locate the kernel you just extracted > Click Extract data. You should now have a file named kernel.elf in the same folder
Copy kernel.elf to the rootkernel folder
Download the latest stable version of the SuperSU ZIP file and copy the entire ZIP file to the rootkernel folder. Do NOT unzip it!
Rename the SuperSU ZIP file name so that it starts with SuperSU (case sensitive) instead of UPDATE-SuperSU, e.g. SuperSU-v2.79-20161211114519.zip
Note: if you're patching Nougat firmware, you may want to use phh's superuser instead of SuperSU due to potential battery drain. See rootkernel thread for more info. If you use phh's superuser, you will need to install the apk from the Play store after Step 8.
(optional) Download the latest Xposed framework ZIP file and copy it to the rootkernel folder. Do NOT unzip it!
Note: this only works with rootkernel v5.0 or later, if you're using an earlier version of the rootkernel tool, skip this and skip Step 9
At time of this edit (2017/2/22), Xposed does not support Android 7.0 (Nougat), so if you're trying to patch a Nougat kernel, do not include xposed. You can check the official Xposed thread for latest announcements to see if it's supported
Open command prompt and navigate to the rootkernel directory
Enter the following command:
Code:
rootkernel kernel.elf boot.img
You will be prompted to make a series of choices, including whether you want to install SuperSU and Xposed. Type Y for all of them.
If you didn't see the prompt for SuperSU (required) or Xposed (optional), check the filename of the ZIP files. Remember they're case sensitive.
You should now have a boot.img file in the rootkernel folder, that is your rooted kernel
Step 7 - Flash the DRM keys (one-time procedure)
tobias.waldvogel (rootkernel developer) said:
Flashing this file with flashtool will write your device key to an alternative unit, from where the drmfix library will pick it up.
This is a one-time task. It will survive a complete reset of the phone or Android system upgrade.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Copy the TA backup file TA_E5823.img from Step 1 to the rootkernel folder, then enter the following command in command prompt:
Code:
flash_dk TA_E5823.img DK.ftf
This will create a DK.ftf file in the rootkernel folder
Open Flashtool > Click the lightning symbol > Flashmode > Source folder > Locate the rootkernel folder
"Sony Xperia Z5 Compact" should appear under Firmwares, expand the arrows until you see DeviceKey and 1.0. Select 1.0, click Flash and wait for an instruction prompt to pop up
Hold the VOLUME DOWN button while connecting the micro USB end to your phone. Keep the VOL DOWN button held until the prompt disappears, which indicates that Flashtool has detected it and is correctly in flashmode.
Wait until operation is completed, then unplug the cable from your phone. Do not power on yet
Step 8 - Flash the kernel
Hold the VOLUME UP button and plug in the micro USB cable. Wait until the LED indicator turns blue, then release the VOL UP button.
Enter the following command in command prompt to flash the rooted kernel:
Code:
fastboot flash boot boot.img
After completion, congratulations, you've successfully rooted your phone!
Now you can turn on your phone, the first boot will take a very long time to initialize, don't worry.
If you see the boot animation for more than 30 minutes, then it's time to worry. First try again from Step 6, and if you still can't complete boot, go up a step starting from Step 5. If that still fails, start over from Step 3.
Step 9 - Finish installation of Xposed (optional)
In Step 6, if you chose to include the Xposed ZIP file, which means you want to install Xposed, then there's one more step to complete the installation.
Download the unofficial Material Design Xposed Installer.
Currently, this is the only Xposed Installer that works with the systemless Xposed integration method used by the rootkernel tool. Using the official Xposed Installer will not work.
Go to Settings > Security > Unknown sources > Toggle ON
Copy the Xposed Installer apk to your phone and install it.
Done!
Personal list of xposed modules to install for self reference. This is in no way a recommendation list, your preferences will vary.
Amplify
Android Phone Vibrator
App Locale
BootManager
Disable Low Battery Notifications
DynamicAlarmIcon 2
HideBatteryLowAlert
Keep Trash (broken at the moment)
Lockscreen Album Art Remover
MinMinGuard
NeoPowerMenu
NoHeadsetNotification
Ringer and Notification Volume Unlink
RootCloak
Use USB for Marshmallow V 1.2
XperiaFMwoHS
Xposed Torch: Physical keys
Youtube AdAway
Bonus - How to unroot/fully restore DRM/return to 100% factory state
Thank you for taking the time to write this guide!
best guide for root, thanks!
Fantastic guide, Thank you very much for that!
I had trouble getting the latest version of flashtool (09231) to work (mac and PC). It froze when I was trying to create the new bundle.
After downloading the older version (09186) it worked without problems.
However, currently I am stuck at step 6, running cmd 'rootkernel kernel.elf boot.img':
I get the message:
Code:
Rootkernel V5.11
- Unpacking kernel
error: Android boot magic not found
Unknown boot image format
Aborting
UPDATE:
I found the reason for the img file creation failure.
I was not patient enough in copying the kernel.elf file over. While the flashtool says file with size X created it was still compiling and only a minute later or so finished writing the file. In other words, I copied over the 'unfinished' kernel.elf and that's what caused the issue.
Trying to boot now
Thanks again for this nice guide!
Cheers,
Malcolm
Hey Malcolm, did you manage to complete the process successfully?
good news
thanks for your help. very good tutorial, realy made easy to understand
successfully rooted my nougat z5c with this,
you the best thanks
brokich said:
Hey Malcolm, did you manage to complete the process successfully?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hi Brokich,
Unfortunately not (yet).
After finishing step 7 my device is stuck at the bootloader
I've tried now several times re-flashing (steps 5-7) but unfortunately no luck yet...Will try to repeat the whole procedure over the next days again.
I am getting problem with flashing kernel :
FAILED (remote: Command not allowed) my bootloader status was unknown at first, then I got unlock code at sony website, then it said my bootloader is unlocked, followed your tutorial and now I not able to flash kernel..
Hello guys
On step 5 i get this error
5/031/2017 13:31:03 - INFO - Device connected in flash mode
05/031/2017 13:31:28 - INFO - Selected Bundle for Sony Xperia Z5 Compact(E5823). FW release : 1298-5497_32.2.A.5.11_R13C. Customization : Customized UK
05/031/2017 13:31:28 - INFO - Preparing files for flashing
05/033/2017 13:33:12 - INFO - Please connect your device into flashmode.
05/033/2017 13:33:13 - INFO - Opening device for R/W
05/033/2017 13:33:14 - INFO - Start Flashing
05/033/2017 13:33:14 - INFO - Processing loader.sin
05/033/2017 13:33:14 - INFO - Checking header
05/033/2017 13:33:14 - ERROR - Processing of loader.sin finished with errors.
05/033/2017 13:33:14 - INFO - Ending flash session
05/033/2017 13:33:14 - ERROR - null
05/033/2017 13:33:14 - ERROR - Error flashing. Aborted
05/033/2017 13:33:14 - INFO - Device connected in flash mode
Any idea why ?
notabene said:
I am getting problem with flashing kernel :
FAILED (remote: Command not allowed) my bootloader status was unknown at first, then I got unlock code at sony website, then it said my bootloader is unlocked, followed your tutorial and now I not able to flash kernel..
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Did you backup your TA-partition before the bootloader status was unknown?
zegovernator said:
Did you backup your TA-partition before the bootloader status was unknown?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yes, why?
---------- Post added at 01:13 PM ---------- Previous post was at 12:49 PM ----------
zegovernator said:
Did you backup your TA-partition before the bootloader status was unknown?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I was able to flash FTF file. But not the kernel.
notabene said:
yes.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Okay. It sounds like you wiped your TA partition. On which firmware did you backup your TA? Lollipop using Iovy.root or Marshmallow using this guide? I experienced the same problem once. I recovered my TA partition via Iovy.root. (because back then the only possibility was to downgrade to LP and then backup/restore TA).
Check if the service menue states:
[Bootloader unlock allowed:no] and [Remote Lock State: Locked]
If so, restore TA.
zegovernator said:
Okay. It sounds like you wiped your TA partition. On which firmware did you backup your TA? Lollipop using Iovy.root or Marshmallow using this guide? I experienced the same problem once. I recovered my TA partition via Iovy.root. (because back then the only possibility was to downgrade to LP and then backup/restore TA).
Check if the service menue states:
[Bootloader unlock allowed:no] and [Remote Lock State: Locked]
If so, restore TA.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
This guide, latest firmware 32.2.A.5.11.
Currently my phone stucked at after boot in TM logo.
Trying to repair via PC Companion
Phone booted. Will check if bootloader is really unlocked.
Bootloader unlock allowed : yes
Remote Lock state : UnLockd
Checked DRM all OK
notabene said:
This guide, latest firmware 32.2.A.5.11.
Currently my phone stucked at after boot in TM logo.
Trying to repair via PC Companion
Phone booted. Will check if bootloader is really unlocked.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Flash a .tft from the MM version your backed up your TA image from. When flashing, ensure to tick everything under wipe except TA Misc.
Well finally was able to do all the steps, but phone wont boot. Stucked in Sony logo, led is yellow and then power off..
Yeah, same here.
Tried now multiple times but it always gets stuck at the xperia screen with orange/yellow LED
One thing that I noticed was "ERROR - root : this bundle is not valid" when I start to create the bundle. Straight after locating the custom firmware that I dowloaded with Xperifirm the message comes up in the log. Thought that this is not an issue though, or is it?
Cheers,
Malcolm
Need to use phone tomorrow, how can i revert to stock for a while since I cannot do it throught Xperia companion?
---------- Post added at 03:37 PM ---------- Previous post was at 03:26 PM ----------
Malcolm143 said:
Yeah, same here.
Tried now multiple times but it always gets stuck at the xperia screen with orange/yellow LED
One thing that I noticed was "ERROR - root : this bundle is not valid" when I start to create the bundle. Straight after locating the custom firmware that I dowloaded with Xperifirm the message comes up in the log. Thought that this is not an issue though, or is it?
Cheers,
Malcolm
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Did you use customized firmware? I did not, i used Tmobile CZ
Now with bootloader unlocked even PC Companion doesnt work..
So the problem is after flashing custom kernel with rootkernel+DRM fix.
So after hours of trying from step 5 with different settings for kernel, I ended up with stock rom flashed via flashtool..
tried to flash back DRM keys from Dirty cow TA Backup, using this command flash_dk TA_E5823.img DK.ftf but when rebooted in service menu drm keys are still gone..
EDIT:
Seems like there is more users with same issue with Z5C and latest rootkernel
https://forum.xda-developers.com/xp...matic-repack-stock-kernel-dm-t3301605/page200
Hmm, I never ran into the stuck at boot problem, and I just successfully flashed a new phone on the same day I posted the guide. That said, I was using v5.0 of the rootkernel tool, not the latest v5.11. The rootkernel developer mentioned that there's battery drain problems with v5.11, so I decided to use the older v5.0 that helped me root two Z5C's several times in the past. Try patching the kernel again using v5.0 and see if that fixes it.
Note that v5.0 only supports up to firmware version 32.A.0.253 out of the box, you will need to make the following modification to support up to 32.2.A.5.11:
Download and unzip rootkernel v5.11 and v5.0.
Open folder \rootkernel_v5.11_Windows_Linux\Android\twrp_common_kmodules
Copy and overwrite all 7 sub-folders (folder names look like 3.10.49-perf-g83fc9bc etc.) to \rootkernel_v5.0_Windows_Linux\Android\twrp_common_kmodules
Then patch the kernel using v5.0 tool.
mhaha said:
Hmm, I never ran into the stuck at boot problem, and I just successfully flashed a new phone on the same day I posted the guide. That said, I was using v5.0 of the rootkernel tool, not the latest v5.11. The rootkernel developer mentioned that there's battery drain problems with v5.11, so I decided to use the older v5.0 that helped me root two Z5C's several times in the past. Try patching the kernel again using v5.0 and see if that fixes it.
Note that v5.0 only supports up to firmware version 32.A.0.253 out of the box, you will need to make the following modification to support up to 32.2.A.5.11:
Download and unzip rootkernel v5.11 and v5.0.
Open folder \rootkernel_v5.11_Windows_Linux\Android\twrp_common_kmodules
Copy and overwrite all 7 sub-folders (folder names look like 3.10.49-perf-g83fc9bc etc.) to \rootkernel_v5.0_Windows_Linux\Android\twrp_common_kmodules
Then patch the kernel using v5.0 tool.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks, will try in the evening.
Just to know, if I'm upgrading from previous firmware version, do I have to do all steps or I can start from step 4 (flashing ftf file)?
Greetings.. I bought Xperia x F5121 ( 34.0.A.1.264) Android 6.0.1 (Prototype) online & found its prototype.Possible for me to root & flash custom rom.If theres a way,could anyone guide me .Thks in advance.I appreciate it.
My apologies admin.If i post wrong section pls delete it.
if the BOOTUNLOCK is allowed on your PROTOTYPE DEVICE then
short answer is : YES
dial *#*#7378423#*#* goto SERVICE INFO >> CONFIGURATIONS
HERE you will see alot of info, search for BOOTLOADER UNLOCK ALLOWED text and see what shows ,,, if NO then sorry! this device is locked by SONY and only they can unlock it
if BOOTLOADER UNLOCK ALLOWED has YES then MAGIC CAN BE DONE
IF YOU ARE NEW TO SONY WORLD then you must save XPERIA X DRM KEYS
since you are already on ANDROID 6 (YAY)
just enable USB DEBUGGING from DEVELOPER OPTIONS
and
download the UNIVERSAL (DIRTYCOW-BASED) TABACKUP SCRIPT ( DOWNLOAD FROM HERE ( REFERECE MASTER POST BY RAYMAN
uzip the script on desktop and RUN the .BAT file, it will ask permission on your mobile screen, ALLOW it and after few seconds, the SCRIPT will EXTRACT TA-xxx-xxxx-xxxx-date+timeStamp.IMG file (2mb in size) IN THE SAME FOLDER
you can run .bat mulitiple times! each time it will extact the same TA.img file with different file name , i ran it thrice
now you have your DRM KEYS FILE (SOME USERS SAYS ITS NOT NECESSARY BUT TRUST ME! IT IS! ) KEEP THIS TA.img file SAVED on cloud!
------------------------
UNLOCKING BOOTLOADER
SONY official handout unlocking keys for FREE at
https://developer.sony.com/develop/open-devices/get-started/unlock-bootloader/
follow the steps! select your device model from list, provide them your email, they will send you one time link , to generate BOOT UNLOCK KEY AGAINS YOUR "IMEI" NUMBER ( dial *#06# on your F5121 to obtain IMEI number) (its even given on configuration page, where you checked the bootulock status )
- flashtool (www.flashtool.net) can ALSO unlock xperia Bootloader! (install flashtool and then install drivers also ( c:\flashtool\drivers)
- clicking BLU while device is CONNECTED IN FASTBOOT MODE ( it will prompt you) and giving SONY's generated KEY will UNLOCK your F5121's bootloader! device will JERK, ANDROID BOT WILL APPEAR and ALL PARTITIONS (accpt system) will be FORMATED and you will loose all your data, accounts, details , DRM KEYS ... (make sure you take backup of your photos/videos/music)
--------------------------------------------------
NOW IF YOU WANA STAY ON 34.0.A1.264 and DONT wana UPGRADE to ANY OTHER BUILD came after this then
you need to do this
0. put magisk16.0.zip in sdcard (if you don't have sd card then UTG drive, flashdrive, etc)
1. unlock bootloader
2. flash TWRP (via fasboot
3. FLASH modified kernel ( the MASTER TOOL of SONY WORLD www.flashtool.net) (installing Xperia COMPANION + Google Minimal ADB & Fastboot.zip is M - U - S -T )
4. BOOT in to twrp, flash MAGISK16.0 from sdcard
and reboot device
the device will boot ROOTED 34.0.A.1.264
NOW IF YOU WANT TO UPGRADE TO NOUGAT FROM 34.0.A1.264 and ROOT IT THEN
-the recommended NOUGAT Stockrom version is 34.3.A.0.252 (releasedin dec2017)
1. download the .252 ftf file from xda post
https://forum.xda-developers.com/xperia-x/how-to/sonyx-f5121-downgrade-8-0-0-to-7-1-1-to-t3754986
2. flash it via flashtool / you need to see solid tutorial for that! please do research , flashing xperia is TRICKY
3. flash twrp
4. flash modified kernel
5 boot into twrp and flash MAGISK and REBOOT.
NOW IF YOU WANT TO UPGRADE TO OREO FROM 34.0.A1.264 and ROOT IT THEN
-for OREO the RECOMMENDED STOCKROM version is 34.4.A.2.97 (released in JULY2018)
1. you must download the latest stockrom
2. flash it
3 flash modified Kernel
4. boot in to twrp and
(a) flash the DRMFIX.zip
(b) Magisk16.0.zip
5. reboot
ALL KERNELS BY YEARS/BUILD WITH DRMFIX FILES ETC ARE GIVEN IN MY POST
https://forum.xda-developers.com/xperia-x/how-to/root-xperia-x-f5122-android-n-34-2-2-47-t3594502
PLEASE READ THOROUGHLY !
I have tested all these kernels my self since I have F5122 however if anything goes wrong please note that XDA or any member is NOT responsible
try it on your own risk
Thks again for the fast reply.I'm choosing upgrading to Oreo. I download Germany o2 DE ( 34.4.A.2.97 /R2E ) & i'm using the latest flashtool v0.9.25.0 .I'm stuck at fsc script shown ( Those data are not in the FSC script and will be skipped. RESET-NON-SECURE-ADB. Do u want to continue? )i click no & close it. I download the fsc script 34.4fsc from your site & overwrite paste it on C:\Users\USERNAME\.flashTool\devices\F51XX .Once done,i reopen the flashtool & flash.Same problems occurs.i even restart my pc..No success..
jingaro said:
Thks again for the fast reply.I'm choosing upgrading to Oreo. I download Germany o2 DE ( 34.4.A.2.97 /R2E ) & i'm using the latest flashtool v0.9.25.0 .I'm stuck at fsc script shown ( Those data are not in the FSC script and will be skipped. RESET-NON-SECURE-ADB. Do u want to continue? )i click no & close it. I download the fsc script 34.4fsc from your site & overwrite paste it on C:\Users\USERNAME\.flashTool\devices\F51XX .Once done,i reopen the flashtool & flash.Same problems occurs.i even restart my pc..No success..
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
click yes and proceed
what about drmkeys extraction part?
have you done that
Hello everyone. This is my quick guide to flash the firmwares available to your phone WITHOUT UNLOCKING BOOTLOADER (this is important especially to change the region). Before doing this, you should get the drivers of your phone, i did it with connecting the phone with Xperia Companion and it installed automatically.
You need 2 apps to do these operations:
1- XperiFirm from Igor Eisberg
2- Flashtool from Androxyde
Downloading Firmware Using XperiFirm
-Select your device from left row.
-Select the firmware you want and download it.
-When the download finished, the folder will appear where you selected as download directory. We need to convert the firmware to FTF file.
Converting Firmware to FTF File
-We'll use Flashtool to doing this.
-Open Flashtool, select Tools --> Bundles --> Create
-Select source folder as your firmware folder, select your device by double-clicking the blank (because of here is XZ forum, select F833X but i think this will not interrupt anything). Write your region to Branding and your version to Version
-When you select source folder, in folder list which is on the left there are some .sin files should appear, if it does not then check if you select the source correctly. Then select all .sin files and move to right, then press CREATE.
*Please check notes if you see FSC script found.
Flashing the Firmware
-Press Flash Device (the flash icon on the left side), select Flashmode, select your firmware from Firmwares.
-In Wipe, Sin section (not exclude), select all boxes, DO NOT SELECT SIM-LOCK, then press Flash. Wait for Flashmode screen should appear when the operation finish.
-Turn off your phone. Press Power and Volume Keys and Connect the Phone via USB Cable AT THE SAME TIME to put the phone to Flashmode, the LED should blink Green and Flashtool will do its work. When it says "flash completed, restart your phone.", restart your phone. Your new firmware is ready to use
NOTES:
-In creating FTF session, sometimes "A FSC script is found: xxx. Do you want to add it?" appears. Press Yes if you don't have another flash script.
-If in flashing session, "No flash script found" error occurs, then you need a flash script which comes with the firmware. Usually this script should come with firmware which you download from XperiFirm, if it didn't, try another firmware.
-If you completed your flash but the phone does not reboot and says "The software update failed." or the flash session does not complete successfully, then flash the firmware again. This occurs, i think, because of the encryption of Android (This happened to me twice when i downgraded from Oreo to Nougat).
-If you have a FTF file, skip the first 2 steps.
what's version? version of what? does it means the fw version? (for ex. 41.3.A.2.184 about italy fw)
In the branding's field, is correct to write the entire name? (for ex. "Italy" with major and minor letters)
Thanks
Sean_Droid said:
what's version? version of what? does it means the fw version? (for ex. 41.3.A.2.184 about italy fw)
In the branding's field, is correct to write the entire name? (for ex. "Italy" with major and minor letters)
Thanks
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Version is the firmware version which named by Sony (like 41.3.A.2.184) not the Android version, and the branding is the region where the firmware is made for (like DE for Germany or TR for Turkey). You do not have to fill the blanks correctly, because it's just for remind you what the version or region of firmware is if you have multiple FTF files.
Kuarinfou said:
Version is the firmware version which named by Sony (like 41.3.A.2.184) not the Android version, and the branding is the region where the firmware is made for (like DE for Germany or TR for Turkey). You do not have to fill the blanks correctly, because it's just for remind you what the version or region of firmware is if you have multiple FTF files.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ok thanks for the info?
Is it ok even if bootloader is unlocked in developer optiond?
Kuarinfou said:
Hello everyone. This is my quick guide to flash the firmwares available to your phone WITHOUT UNLOCKING BOOTLOADER (this is important especially to change the region). Before doing this, you should get the drivers of your phone, i did it with connecting the phone with Xperia Companion and it installed automatically.
You need 2 apps to do these operations:
1- XperiFirm from Igor Eisberg
2- Flashtool from Androxyde
Downloading Firmware Using XperiFirm
-Select your device from left row.
-Select the firmware you want and download it.
-When the download finished, the folder will appear where you selected as download directory. We need to convert the firmware to FTF file.
Converting Firmware to FTF File
-We'll use Flashtool to doing this.
-Open Flashtool, select Tools --> Bundles --> Create
-Select source folder as your firmware folder, select your device by double-clicking the blank (because of here is XZ forum, select F833X but i think this will not interrupt anything). Write your region to Branding and your version to Version
-When you select source folder, in folder list which is on the left there are some .sin files should appear, if it does not then check if you select the source correctly. Then select all .sin files and move to right, then press CREATE.
*Please check notes if you see FSC script found.
Flashing the Firmware
-Press Flash Device (the flash icon on the left side), select Flashmode, select your firmware from Firmwares.
-In Wipe, Sin section (not exclude), select all boxes, DO NOT SELECT SIM-LOCK, then press Flash. Wait for Flashmode screen should appear when the operation finish.
-Turn off your phone. Press Power and Volume Keys and Connect the Phone via USB Cable AT THE SAME TIME to put the phone to Flashmode, the LED should blink Green and Flashtool will do its work. When it says "flash completed, restart your phone.", restart your phone. Your new firmware is ready to use
NOTES:
-In creating FTF session, sometimes "A FSC script is found: xxx. Do you want to add it?" appears. Press Yes if you don't have another flash script.
-If in flashing session, "No flash script found" error occurs, then you need a flash script which comes with the firmware. Usually this script should come with firmware which you download from XperiFirm, if it didn't, try another firmware.
-If you completed your flash but the phone does not reboot and says "The software update failed." or the flash session does not complete successfully, then flash the firmware again. This occurs, i think, because of the encryption of Android (This happened to me twice when i downgraded from Oreo to Nougat).
-If you have a FTF file, skip the first 2 steps.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hey man, I followed your steps but it says that it can't find matching loader and then it skips the flashing process. do I have to download another rom? Im stuck in a bootloop. I'd appreciate if you help me with this. I have xperia XA1 Ultra G3226 device.
---------- Post added at 05:50 PM ---------- Previous post was at 05:49 PM ----------
Kuarinfou said:
Hello everyone. This is my quick guide to flash the firmwares available to your phone WITHOUT UNLOCKING BOOTLOADER (this is important especially to change the region). Before doing this, you should get the drivers of your phone, i did it with connecting the phone with Xperia Companion and it installed automatically.
You need 2 apps to do these operations:
1- XperiFirm from Igor Eisberg
2- Flashtool from Androxyde
Downloading Firmware Using XperiFirm
-Select your device from left row.
-Select the firmware you want and download it.
-When the download finished, the folder will appear where you selected as download directory. We need to convert the firmware to FTF file.
Converting Firmware to FTF File
-We'll use Flashtool to doing this.
-Open Flashtool, select Tools --> Bundles --> Create
-Select source folder as your firmware folder, select your device by double-clicking the blank (because of here is XZ forum, select F833X but i think this will not interrupt anything). Write your region to Branding and your version to Version
-When you select source folder, in folder list which is on the left there are some .sin files should appear, if it does not then check if you select the source correctly. Then select all .sin files and move to right, then press CREATE.
*Please check notes if you see FSC script found.
Flashing the Firmware
-Press Flash Device (the flash icon on the left side), select Flashmode, select your firmware from Firmwares.
-In Wipe, Sin section (not exclude), select all boxes, DO NOT SELECT SIM-LOCK, then press Flash. Wait for Flashmode screen should appear when the operation finish.
-Turn off your phone. Press Power and Volume Keys and Connect the Phone via USB Cable AT THE SAME TIME to put the phone to Flashmode, the LED should blink Green and Flashtool will do its work. When it says "flash completed, restart your phone.", restart your phone. Your new firmware is ready to use
NOTES:
-In creating FTF session, sometimes "A FSC script is found: xxx. Do you want to add it?" appears. Press Yes if you don't have another flash script.
-If in flashing session, "No flash script found" error occurs, then you need a flash script which comes with the firmware. Usually this script should come with firmware which you download from XperiFirm, if it didn't, try another firmware.
-If you completed your flash but the phone does not reboot and says "The software update failed." or the flash session does not complete successfully, then flash the firmware again. This occurs, i think, because of the encryption of Android (This happened to me twice when i downgraded from Oreo to Nougat).
-If you have a FTF file, skip the first 2 steps.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hey man, I followed your steps but it says that it can't find matching loader and then it skips the flashing process. do I have to download another rom? Im stuck in a bootloop. I'd appreciate if you help me with this even if this has been posted for years :cyclops:. I have xperia XA1 Ultra G3226 device.
Hi, I have downloaded the firmware, it is there in FTF format (1.7Gb), I am now here
-Press Flash Device (the flash icon on the left side), select Flashmode, select your firmware from Firmwares.
I select the correct folder ... but nothing is shown????????
ERROR - The bundle does not match the connected device
Hello, when I try to flash my Xperia X F5121 with Flashtool, this happens:
Code:
16/037/2020 22:37:18 - INFO - Selected Bundle for Sony Xperia X(F5121). FW release : 34.4.A.2.118-R1E. Customization : 3-AT
16/037/2020 22:37:18 - INFO - Preparing files for flashing
16/037/2020 22:37:51 - INFO - Please connect your device into flashmode.
16/037/2020 22:37:52 - INFO - Opening device for R/W
16/037/2020 22:37:52 - INFO - Device ready for R/W.
16/037/2020 22:37:52 - INFO - Reading device information
16/037/2020 22:37:52 - INFO - Phone ready for flashmode operations.
16/037/2020 22:37:52 - INFO - Opening TA partition 2
16/037/2020 22:37:52 - INFO - Current device : Unknown: Sep 6 2018/05:53:44 - CB512A07NC - Unknown: Sep 6 2018/05:53:44 - Unknown: Sep 6 2018/05:53:44 - Unknown: Sep 6 2018/05:53:44
16/037/2020 22:37:52 - INFO - Closing TA partition
16/037/2020 22:37:52 - ERROR - The bundle does not match the connected device
16/037/2020 22:37:52 - INFO - Ending flash session
Any idea what's happening here?