Related
Update 2010-02-26 Added examples for linking either dynamically or statically (see page 2)
I decided to try and set up a kitchen using the closest thing to a native kernel dev environment that I could set up.
At this point I have:
- cross-compiled the HTC Desire (kernel) sources using the Android 1.6 NDK
- figured out the repo/git stuff to pull the Android sources corresponding to a given Android release point
- cross-compiled the entire Cupcake release to an ARM target using the NDK tools
- built a dynamically linked "hello, world" executable using the NDK arm-eabi-* tools and verified it works on the phone.
Yah, I know - not much yet, but it's a start for a newb.
I have some notes documenting the Ubuntu setup process in case anyone wants it - but it is full of links (URLs), so I can't post anything with links as a new user.
If a mod can "verify" my account, I'll post it up. I promise, I'll be good.
bftb0
OK, I guess I need to make a couple of posts before I can embed links.
I'll post it without the URL protocol prefix (it's gonna look fugly), and then come back and edit it once the restriction is removed. I hope someone finds it useful.
Android kernel dev is not officially supported on Windows; closest match to Google Dev environment seems to be -> Ubuntu 8.04 LTS + JDK 5 (32 bit, not x64).
I realize that this is nothing close to the "kitchens" that the WinMo folks have been using, but figured that (as a newb) I would just end up confusing myself trying to figure out which of those tools could be useful for Android, in addition to needing the native binary cross-compilation tools anyway.
(Note: I briefly tried to set this up in a Ubuntu VMware Player VM, but ran into limitations of available Ubuntu 8.04 LTS player machine file size limits (as well as problems hosting a VM bigger than about 10 Gb on a USB drive - insufficient space on my primary drive)
If anyone wants to follow in my footsteps, here is a thumbnail sketch of useful links. I'll admit, this is not for the faint of heart - you need Linux/Unix skills to work through the kinks.
1) (ubuntu.com/getubuntu/downloadmirrors#mirrors) Ubuntu Download Mirrors list - Find a server near you
2) Download ubuntu-8.04.4-alternate-i386.iso and burn it to 700 Mb CD-R
3) Install Ubuntu 8.04 LTS Desktop Version (gulp!)
4) Use the Ubuntu graphical package manager (System -> Administration -> Synaptic Package Manager) and install the packages (git, flex, bison, etc) mentioned in the "Ubuntu Linux (32-bit x86)" section in this (source.android.com/download)Android Source setup page
5) Note that JDK6 does not work correctly; rather than going to Sun/Oracle for JDK5, install the sun-java5-{bin,jdk,jre,doc,demo} packages (1.5.0-22-0ubuntu) using the Ubuntu package installer mentioned above. Note if you install the docs package, you will also need to go to Sun/Oracle and get jdk-1_5_0-doc.zip towards the end of the package install, and drop it into /tmp for the package manager to finish.
6) Go to the (developer.android.com/sdk/index.html) Android SDK Download page and get android-sdk_r04-linux_86.tgz
7) Unpack ( gunzip -c and...tgz | tar xf - ) to desired location, add tools dir to PATH
Optional Steps (For Java App Devs)
o-8) (eclipse.org/downloads/ Eclipse IDE Download page - chose 'Eclipse Classic 3.5.1 (162 MB)' for Linux, 32 bit (eclipse-SDK-3.5.1-linux-gtk.tar.gz)
o-9) Install by unpacking ( gunzip -c ecli....tar.gz | tar xf - ) to desired location, add eclipse folder to PATH
o-10) Run eclipse, and follow the (developer.android.com/sdk/eclipse-adt.html) Installing and Updating ADT instructions for adding Android functionality to Eclipse 3.5 (Galileo)
o-11) From within Eclipse, launch Window -> Android SDK and AVD Manager, and install all available & compatible Android SDK Tools (all versions). (You might need to use http instead of https... YMMV) Note that this is the same functionality as simply running the command "android" from the command prompt if the Android SDK (steps 6,7) tools directory is in your PATH
12) Familiarize yourself with the command line tool "adb" tool in the SDK; in particular, since Ubuntu needs root privs to access the USB hardware, the best way to start the adb server on your PC is to
Code:
$ sudo /bin/bash
- set up root's environment so the SDK "tools" directory is in root's PATH
- plug your phone into the USB cable
- On the Eris, set the options:
Settings -> Applications -> Development -> USB Debugging (on)
Settings -> Applications -> Development -> Stay awake (on)
Code:
# adb devices
This last command only lists the available USB-connected (real) devices and any emulators you have running, but as a side effect it starts up the adb server on the Ubuntu machine running as root. Thereafter, you can use adb (or ddms) as an unprivileged user.
13) Have a peek at the SDK "ddms" monitor. A variety of things can be done from here, the least of which is screen shots (Select device, then Device-> Screen capture)... and some more twisty things too.
14) Download the (developer.android.com/sdk/ndk/1.6_r1/index.html) Android 1.6 NDK r1 (Native Development Kit) - android-ndk-1.6_r1-linux-x86.zip, and unzip into your desired location. Add the ARM cross-compiler tools to your path (see example below).
15) At this point you might be using something like this to set up your path wherever you please (.profile or elsewhere, according to how you want to manage your environment)
Code:
_INSLOC='/opt/android/'
_JAVAPATH='/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-sun/bin'
_BASEPATH='/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin'
_ANDTOOLS="${_INSLOC}"'/android-sdk-linux_86/tools'
_ECLPSPATH="${_INSLOC}"'/eclipse-3.5.1'
_ARMXCOMPILE="${_INSLOC}"'/android-ndk-1.5_r1/build/prebuilt/linux-x86/arm-eabi-4.2.1/bin'
PATH="${_JAVAPATH}"':'"${_BASEPATH}"':'"${_ANDTOOLS}"':'"${_ECLPSPATH}"':'"${_ARMXCOMPILE}"
export PATH
16) Download the (member.america.htc.com/download/RomCode/Source_and_Binaries/desirec-be918f7b.tgz) HTC Desire Kernel Source Code and unpack to a location of your choice.
17) Test your enviroment by building the HTC Kernel code:
$ cd v2_6_27/kernel_msm7k; make
I can't remember if I needed to stuff anything into the environment here (e.g. 'CC' definitions, etc.) - but I know that I didn't need to modify any Makefiles. I think the make system will find all the "arm-eabi-*" executables if they are in your path. You will know soon enough.
18) Try to compile a "Hello, world!" program for the phone. Before you get too far along in this (e.g. "where is crt0.o?"), (honeypod.blogspot.com/2007/12/dynamically-linked-hello-world-for.html) read this blog post - steps 3 and 4 only.
You might find a Makefile similar to this useful:
Code:
AR = arm-eabi-ar
AS = arm-eabi-as
CC = arm-eabi-gcc
CXX = arm-eabi-c++
LD = arm-eabi-ld
NDK_KIT = /opt/android/android-ndk-1.5_r1
PLATF_KIT = build/platforms/android-1.5
ARM_INC = $(NDK_KIT)/$(PLATF_KIT)/arch-arm/usr/include
ARM_LIB = $(NDK_KIT)/$(PLATF_KIT)/arch-arm/usr/lib
PLATF_INC = $(NDK_KIT)/$(PLATF_KIT)/common/include
OBJS = hello.o start.o
EXES = hello
hello: hello.o start.o
$(LD) \
--entry=_start \
--dynamic-linker /system/bin/linker -nostdlib \
-rpath /system/lib -rpath $(ARM_LIB) \
-L $(ARM_LIB) -lc -o hello hello.o start.o
hello.o: hello.c
$(CC) -I $(ARM_INC) -I $(PLATF_INC) -c hello.c
start.o: start.c
$(CC) -I $(ARM_INC) -I $(PLATF_INC) -c start.c
clean:
rm -f $(OBJS) $(EXES)
and then
Code:
$ make hello 2>&1 | tee make_hello-log.txt
if all goes well, push to the phone
Code:
$ adb push hello /sqlite_stmt_journals/hello
and then use a shell on the phone to watch the lights gerblinken:
Code:
PC-path$ adb shell
$ cd /sqlite_stmt_journals
$ ./hello
Hello, world!
$ exit
PC-path$
19) Now, download the Android stock kernel sources:
- Make sure you have "git" and "repo" installed; see the (source.android.com/download) Android "Get source" page, starting from "Installing Repo".
- Make a clean directory to initialize "repo" in, and download the code:
Code:
$ mkdir ~/mydroid
$ cd ~/mydroid
$ repo init -u git://android.git.kernel.org/platform/manifest.git -b cupcake
$ repo sync
The sync step above will download the entire source tree corresponding to the Cupcake release (90 minutes on my link).
20) Build the sources
Code:
$ cd ~/mydroid
$ make 2>&1 | tee make_Android-log.txt
On my old PC, this step took about two hours.
Well, that's a little start; everything that comes after this is heavy lifting, I suppose.
bftb0
Thank you for that.
I forgot to add a disk space usage report to this; here it is:
O/S ( /, /boot, /var, /tmp) ~ 4 Gb **
Android SDK, all versions: 1.3 Gb
Android "Cupcake" full sources + full build: 5.5 Gb (2.5 Gb sources, 3.0 Gb build tree)
Android NDK ~0.05 Gb
Eclipse 3.5.1: 0.21 Gb
HTC Desire Kernel Sources + build ~ 0.77 Gb
All up, thats about 12 Gb minimum needed for a full environment. Obviously, you would want some headroom above that.
Note that if you only want to build native binaries, and not the full Android source tree (or develop Java applications), this could be done handily in a virtual machine which is less than 10 Gb in size - for Windows users, there are VMware "Player" versions of Ubuntu 8.0.4 available for that. That eliminates the need for a separate machine, or a dual-boot PC - and the worries of messing up trying to create a dual-boot machine.
All that is really needed for that is the Desktop OS and the NDK. Adding a single version of the SDK so you have 'adb' and 'ddms' available to you would be helpful, but not absolutely necessary if you are using a Windows host machine with those tools already present.
bftb0
** beware that Ubuntu uses a lot of space on /var if you put it in a separate partition - 600+ Mb in my configuration.
bftb0 said:
I forgot to add a disk space usage report to this; here it is:
O/S ( /, /boot, /var, /tmp) ~ 4 Gb **
Android SDK, all versions: 1.3 Gb
Android "Cupcake" full sources + full build: 5.5 Gb (2.5 Gb sources, 3.0 Gb build tree)
Android NDK ~0.05 Gb
Eclipse 3.5.1: 0.21 Gb
HTC Desire Kernel Sources + build ~ 0.77 Gb
All up, thats about 12 Gb minimum needed for a full environment. Obviously, you would want some headroom above that.
Note that if you only want to build native binaries, and not the full Android source tree (or develop Java applications), this could be done handily in a virtual machine which is less than 10 Gb in size - for Windows users, there are VMware "Player" versions of Ubuntu 8.0.4 available for that. That eliminates the need for a separate machine, or a dual-boot PC - and the worries of messing up trying to create a dual-boot machine.
All that is really needed for that is the Desktop OS and the NDK. Adding a single version of the SDK so you have 'adb' and 'ddms' available to you would be helpful, but not absolutely necessary if you are using a Windows host machine with those tools already present.
bftb0
** beware that Ubuntu uses a lot of space on /var if you put it in a separate partition - 600+ Mb in my configuration.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
great very descriptive thread
Hey bftb0
thanks for posting this guide. I am trying to just play around with someone of the exploit binaries on my eris (from the tattoo/hero rooting threads) , so these guidelines are coming in handy. However for some reason whenever I try and do anything over adb i get this error:
Code:
error: insufficient permissions for device
I cant use adb shell at all, even trying to push to the sdcard gives permissions denied. In the adb devices output the phone is coming up as "?????? no permissions", Did I miss a step ?
My setup so far: Ubuntu 9.10 i386,
Hey bftb0
thanks for posting this guide. I am trying to just play around with someone of the exploit binaries on my eris (from the tattoo/hero rooting threads) , so these guidelines are coming in handy. However for some reason whenever I try and do anything over adb i get this error:
Code:
error: insufficient permissions for device
I cant use adb shell at all, even trying to push to the sdcard gives permissions denied. In the adb devices output the phone is coming up as "?????? no permissions", Did I miss a step ?
My setup so far: Ubuntu 9.10 i386, android-sdk_r04-linux_86, droid eris with most recent OTA
someguy, you have to go to developer.android.com/guide/developing/device.html and install the linux driver (as root) and restart your system.
@someguy
Type "adb kill-server" followed by "sudo adb". You need to run adb as root in unix for it to work.
zifnab06, that was it, I must have not run the first command as root which caused the server to be run without su.
What exactly does this do?
bigcj55 said:
What exactly does this do?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Because of the lineage between Linux and Android, the primary platform for compilation of the kernel and other ARM instruction-set binaries ("native" code) has been on Linux. It appears (at the moment...reading between the lines) that Google engineers are using Ubuntu 8.04 LTS as their choice of Linux platform for maintaining Android kernel & utilities code... so, in principle, it is the "best supported" platform for doing "native" development work, if for no other reason than it's what Google has been using. (Not because it is somehow a "better" O/S, but rather because you are likely to run into fewer quirks, and have more resources on the internet who might have experienced the same difficulties that you run into.)
For instance, the folks that have been building kernel exploit programs have been using the Google "NDK". They are not writing/compiling those in Java - they are writing or compiling programs written in "C", and compiling them into native (ARM) object code.
I provided notes from my own installation for anyone considering "dipping their toe" into building Android kernels or native binaries using Linux as a host O/S - most forum readers are not going to be interested in doing that.
Note that Google now releases an NDK for Windows, Linux, and Mac OS/X. The strange thing about doing development on Windows using Cygwin is that if you have sufficient skills to do so - and are capable of resolving problems that inevitably crop up - then you probably already have sufficient skills to be using Unix/Linux in the first place. Sort of depends on your past experience, though. I'd be willing to bet that Devs with a history of doing WinMo development probably would prefer to climb the Android development learning curve by trying their hand with the Windows/Cygwin NDK because of their familiarity with other Windows-based development tools (IDEs, hex editors, assemblers, GUI generators, etc).
That reminds me though - I need to update this thread with something else.
Cheers
bftb0
Static OR Dynamic Linking of Native Binaries
I was a little unsatisfied with the "hack" used in the above examples to circumvent the need to launch programs without linking to C runtime initialization using that strange code shown above, i.e.
Code:
start() { exit( main() ); }
Moreover, for purposes of debugging applications running on the phone (using "gdbserver"), it simply seems easier to link statically - it allows you to step into the syscall library routines and actually see the assembler implementations wrapped around "STI" interrupts.
So, I spent some time experimenting, and came up with a Makefile that allows me to easily toggle between building an ARM executable linked statically or dynamically. Moreover, it lets "argc" and "argv" work they way they are supposed to, and also allows main() to do a return().
Here's an example Makefile, for a program "hello.c". Make sure you read the notes which follow it.
Code:
#
# FIX THESE (to match your installation)
# Top of the Android Source/build tree (retrieved w/ repo)
ANDSRCROOT := /home/user/android/repo-root
# link dynamically against the libraries shipped on the phone!
# e.g.: $cd /opt/android/Eris_libs/ruu1_16_605_1 ; adb pull /system/lib/
PHONELIBS := /opt/android/Eris_libs/ruu1_16_605_1/lib
# Choose one or the other; static is easiest for debugging use
LINKMODE := dynamic
#LINKMODE := static
# tools
CROSS_COMPILE := arm-eabi-
CC := $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc
LD := $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld
AR := $(CROSS_COMPILE)ar
CXX := $(CROSS_COMPILE)c++
OBJDUMP := $(CROSS_COMPILE)objdump
RANLIB := $(CROSS_COMPILE)ranlib
READELF := $(CROSS_COMPILE)readelf
# Note STATLIBROOT is relative to the Android Source root (ANDSRCROOT)
STATLIBROOT := out/target/product/generic/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES
INCLUDE := -I $(ANDSRCROOT)/bionic/libc/include \
-I $(ANDSRCROOT)/bionic/libc/arch-arm/include \
-I $(ANDSRCROOT)/bionic/libc/kernel/common \
-I $(ANDSRCROOT)/bionic/libc/kernel/arch-arm
ifeq ($(LINKMODE),dynamic)
LIBDIRS := -L $(PHONELIBS)
else
LIBDIRS := -L $(ANDSRCROOT)/prebuilt/linux-x86/toolchain/arm-eabi-4.2.1/lib/gcc/arm-eabi/4.2.1 \
-L $(ANDSRCROOT)/$(STATLIBROOT)/libc_intermediates \
-L $(ANDSRCROOT)/$(STATLIBROOT)/libc_common_intermediates
endif
ifeq ($(LINKMODE),dynamic)
CRTBEG := $(ANDSRCROOT)/out/target/product/generic/obj/lib/crtbegin_dynamic.o
LDFLAGS := -rpath /system/lib -rpath-link /system/lib --dynamic-linker /system/bin/linker
EXTLIBS := -lc -ldl
else
CRTBEG := $(ANDSRCROOT)/out/target/product/generic/obj/lib/crtbegin_static.o
LDFLAGS := -static
EXTLIBS := -lc -lgcc -lc_common
endif
CRTEND := $(ANDSRCROOT)/out/target/product/generic/obj/lib/crtend_android.o
CFLAGS := -g -Wall
%.o: %.c
$(CC) -c $(INCLUDE) \
$(CFLAGS) $< -o [email protected]
%.s: %.c
$(CC) -S -c $(INCLUDE) \
$(CFLAGS) $< -o [email protected]
all: hello
hello: hello.o
$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) \
-o [email protected] --entry=_start -nostdlib \
$(CRTBEG) \
$^ \
$(CRTEND) \
$(LIBDIRS) $(EXTLIBS)
This makefile has certain assumptions built into it:
(1) Static Linkage
If you are going to link statically, you will need to have already built the entire Android source tree - the Android NDK does not provide any static libraries (In the OP I provided instructions on how to do this download and build the Android "Cupcake" release.)
(2) Dynamic Linking
If you want to compile code which is "as close to the phone as possible" then there is really only one way to do that: compile against the headers that HTC used, and perform linking against the dynamic libraries that you literally pull off the phone ("adb pull /system/lib").
There's only one problem with this strategy: HTC did not release their copy of the bionic (or other library) source code, so you are forced to punt... the second-best choice is to use headers from the Android (Cupcake) source tree. So... you will notice that for both the dynamic-link or static-link cases in the above makefile, the $(INCLUDE) paths used during compilation come from the Android source tree.
bftb0
PS I guess there is a mechanism to configure the top-level "make" of the Android source tree for not only a target type (defaults to "arm"), but also a "machine" dependency. I didn't research that, as I have only built user-space code. I'm doubt there should be any differences at the syscall interface API - excepting perhaps things like ptrace() which have a machine dependency (register structures, etc).
bftb0 said:
Because of the lineage between Linux and Android, the primary platform for compilation of the kernel and other ARM instruction-set binaries ("native" code) has been on Linux. It appears (at the moment...reading between the lines) that Google engineers are using Ubuntu 8.04 LTS as their choice of Linux platform for maintaining Android kernel & utilities code... so, in principle, it is the "best supported" platform for doing "native" development work, if for no other reason than it's what Google has been using. (Not because it is somehow a "better" O/S, but rather because you are likely to run into fewer quirks, and have more resources on the internet who might have experienced the same difficulties that you run into.)
For instance, the folks that have been building kernel exploit programs have been using the Google "NDK". They are not writing/compiling those in Java - they are writing or compiling programs written in "C", and compiling them into native (ARM) object code.
I provided notes from my own installation for anyone considering "dipping their toe" into building Android kernels or native binaries using Linux as a host O/S - most forum readers are not going to be interested in doing that.
Note that Google now releases an NDK for Windows, Linux, and Mac OS/X. The strange thing about doing development on Windows using Cygwin is that if you have sufficient skills to do so - and are capable of resolving problems that inevitably crop up - then you probably already have sufficient skills to be using Unix/Linux in the first place. Sort of depends on your past experience, though. I'd be willing to bet that Devs with a history of doing WinMo development probably would prefer to climb the Android development learning curve by trying their hand with the Windows/Cygwin NDK because of their familiarity with other Windows-based development tools (IDEs, hex editors, assemblers, GUI generators, etc).
That reminds me though - I need to update this thread with something else.
Cheers
bftb0
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Wow, i was a little off in this case. I was under the assumption y'all were somehow going to compile ubuntu to run on the eris. :O
I'm still quite new to android development, but can't get the following lines of working.
I would like to create an app which can communicate with Facebook. To get some feeling with this i would like to get the standard example to work.
Which I've got uptill now:
Eclipse (Version: Helios Service Release 2) installed:
Android SDK
Facebook library.
I'm following this page: http://developers.facebook.com/docs/guides/mobile/
Where is stated that i've got to run the following lines of code:
keytool -exportcert -alias androiddebugkey -keystore ~/.android/debug.keystore
| openssl sha1 -binary
| openssl base64
I found out that keytool is located in the jdk\bin folder, so in my cmd under windows 7 I go to that path but there wasn't a debug.keystore so i've signed my app so far. This works, but then it doens't recognize openssl.
Is this another program which I have to install?
Is there an easy way to run commands like above inside eclipse?
Thank you for your help!
[UPDATE]
BusyBox 1.19.2
Bash 4.2
Midnight Commander 4.8
TMUX 1.5 - That's right, full terminal multiplexer..
Vim 7.3
Terminal IDE ASCII Soft keyboard first round bug fixes complete.
It's the addition of TMUX and MC that really excites..
--------------------------
Well,
As the only people I know who might even be interested in this, I would like to announce the release of Terminal IDE v1.0.
A complete Java / Android Development Environment that runs on the device itself, with a nice telnetd / sshd feature.
For Android. Of course... Eat this you IPhone Hounds..
Woo HOO!!
The application is available on Android Market.
https://market.android.com/details?id=com.spartacusrex.spartacuside
As what I can only describe as 'dark days' finally draw to an end, I am very pleased with this first draft.
PLEASE give it a go, log in over telnet for a smoother ride, and let me know how it goes..
DO THE TUTORIAL! Does it work ?!
I have released the whole project GPLv2! Yeah, Who Knew!?
http://code.google.com/p/terminal-ide/
BOOOOOM!
Spartacus
a link to the app in the market would be usefull.
Interesting. Was just wondering about coding on my tablet.
Pretty freakin sweet
Thanks for putting this out!
Awesome
The full keyboard alone makes it worth downloading, but the IDE as well - wow!
this is best bro.
I randomly found this last night while looking for a decent mobile IDE for my tablet. I was looking for a simple text editor with syntax highlighting and you've taken that extra step to include other tools for ssh, telnet and compilers. Much appreciated.
One question, how do you start the ssh server? sshd doesn't seem to do it. I would like to scp files to my device from my desktop in order to work on my commute.
Thanks
The sshd app is actually called Dropbear.
You also have Dropbearkey.
You use Dropbearkey to generate the sshd certificates you need.
I really need to add a tutorial on setting the sshd keys up
For now Google has a couple of articles on it.
For file transfers you also have busybox FTP but I admit not terribley secure..
Allthough SSH is provided, and I wonder whether an SSH pipe can be created..?
And lastly you can just copy the files over to your sdcard via USB..
Will look into it & add tutorials asap.
Ok. So I now have SSHD working..
But there is a slight issue.. basically when you log in you have to start bash manually.. unless you have the file /etc/shell with the correct shell to use.. Which requires a rooted phone.
Since Terminal IDE is for non-ROOT users, I will have to recompile the code to allow a shell to be specified on the command line.. Soon..
FOR NOW - This is how to connect to the phone via SSH (There are other ways using public keys but this is one way)
So - Once in Terminal IDE
2) You need to create a couple of server ssh keys
Start in $HOME
Code:
cd ~
Create folder
Code:
mkdir .ssh
Give it some secure permissions
Code:
chmod 700 .ssh
Get in there
Code:
cd .ssh
Now create the keys
Code:
dropbearkey -t dss -f dropbear_dss_host_key
dropbearkey -t rsa -f dropbear_rsa_host_key
ok - That's almost it. Just need to start dropbear with the correct parameters now. [Probably want to keep this in a script]
Back HOME
Code:
cd ~
You need to know the UID of your app, which is different per phone - use 'id'
Code:
id
That will tell you your user ID / Group ID. Let's say its 10058.
Now to start DropBear
Code:
dropbear -A -N username -U 10058 -G 10058 -C password -d ~/.ssh/dropbear_dss_host_key -r ~/.ssh/dropbear_rsa_host_key -F -E -p 8090 -P PidFile
This will start it running in the foreground with password set to 'password' on port 8090.
Then you can connect, like telnet, and simply use 'password' for the password.
Now for the issue. It will start a simple shell session in / with no ENVIRONMENT variables or anything..
I'll fix it permanently in a future release, but for now it can be fixed with these 2 commands.
cd into your home dir - Check this is correct on your device
Code:
cd /data/data/com.spartacusrex.spartacuside/files
And start bash with an init file Terminal IDE auto-magically creates..
Code:
./system/bin/bash --init-file ./.init
Everything should now be setup as usual.
Good luck..
Very awesome and thank you sir. Works like a charm.
One thing to clarify for those "braving" this (not that it's all that insane to try)... the '-N' is setting the username (in the case of the example, setting it to 'username').
Also, it gives a permission denied for scp, I'm assuming since it doesn't init/run the shell. Should be fine since FTP is included. Haven't tried this option yet. Not too worried about security at the moment, since I'll only run it on a private network.
May I make a (maybe) small feature request? Is it possible to include a "keep screen awake" option in the options menu? I have my Xoom config'd to turn off the wifi when the screen is off for power saving (can go ~4 days on 1 charge), so it will kill my connections if I let this happen. I know not everyone has this config set, but it'd be a nice option.
NOW, if I wasn't lazy, I could probably add this myself and build since I've dl'd the source. But, lazy and working on a few projects already.
Again, much thanks.
And as if by magic..
Funnily enough I was having the exact same issue last night while using wget to transfer a big file to my device..
NEW VERSION UPLOADED v1.13
Now has 3 non-exclusive lock types available in the options :
- CPU Lock
- SCREEN Lock
- WIFI Lock
Set them as you wish...
Saw that this morning when I was on the bus (Thursday morning here in Hong Kong). Very awesome and much appreciated.
As well, thanks for open-sourcing it. +1 for you sir!
Very cool stuff
Thanks for creating this.
Great app! However I can't compile .java files. I always get an error that it can't unzip a file in /android.policy.jar. Any idea?
Sent from my GT-I9100 using XDA App
Do you think its possible to also support compiling C sources directly in your phone
I've been searching for this ever since I got an android.
THANK YOU.
Says that it's incompatible with my OG Droid. Any idea why?
shpen said:
Says that it's incompatible with my OG Droid. Any idea why?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Most likely seems to be due to the ROM you are using and/or the market version
can u post the build.prop here?
/system/build.prop
also, try going back to market 2.x, 3.x market(s) do loads of checks
Does anybody know why I can't compile java files? I always get the following error:
Error reading /system/framework/android_policy.jar cannot read zip file.
Any ideas? Could anyone upload there android_policy.jar because that might cause the error.
Sent from my GT-I9100 using XDA App
Hi Schindler33.
Can I ask, have you followed the tutorials, say the first helloworld example TO THE LETTER?
Does the helloworld example work?
The parameters have to be correct, and as always exact, and the BOOTCLASSPATH variable must be set.
If so, is it a custom ROM?
Does that policy jar file exist and is it readable by non root users?
As much info as possible good..
[Toolkit][Windows&Linux(Wine)] Already Setup Adb/Fastboot Environment and Installer
First, I take donations.
Second, see the 2nd post about Windows XP compatibilty.(XP requires that the tool be used on a usb drive or a partition that does not contain the current running operating system)
(For the other OSs it works fine on the drive with the running OS) (For Linux see the last post)
Third, XP users that don't have a removable drive available can use the XP-ONLY version on the local drive.
Fourth, read EVERYTHING here on the first and last post.
Fifth, adbClient is a download, unzip, connect to phone package that requires nearly no setup at all allowing you to use the android debugging bridge.
If you want to install adb and fastboot use the "instadb" command.(If you get an access denied error, you must have the administrator password and check your typing)
ANSWERS TO YOUR PROBLEMS:
If you want to update but continue to keep automagically using your work folder: you must copy the Work folder into the folder above the updated bin folder.
Like so: extract the new package. copy the old work folder into the new extracted folder. your work folder should sit right beside the launchadbclient script and the updated bin folder.
This tool can be moved anywhere alongside the work folder
HOW TO USE:
To launch the script extract the zip and run LaunchadbClient by double clicking on it.
Type "xt" without quotes to see a menu for commands.
Check out some package management by typing apk.
To install adb and fastboot to the system without fiddling with environment variables use the instadb command.
DRIVERS:
Visit this link first to enable usb debugging:
To utilize the Google usb driver extract its zip and right click the android_winusb.inf file and hit the install option.
If Google's drivers dont work or you have no drivers or adb doesn't mention any connected devices at the top of the window then you need to visit your manufacturers website for your phone's driver.
Here is the pdanet all purpose adb driver that is pretty much fail proof. if you have any issues with it uninstall it and try another one from below.
If all three of those driver suggestions are not applicable then read the "OTHER DRIVERS" category:
OTHER DRIVERS: The Universal Naked Driver is a good one. Or you can follow this exceptional tutorial for all purpose adb driver installation (I am not responsible for any issues with the tutorial, I just found it.)
I recommend Adb Konnect from the play store if drivers are a problem.
Sometimes your usb cable is keeping you from using adb, so try changing cables.(this actually just happened to me with my samsung usb cable and i ended up using my nexus 7 one instead)
DESCRIBE THE TOOL:
This tool is here to make my life(and your life) with adb easier.
It's the windows command line on steroids.
It is made for being put on a flash drive and being used on different computers.
Especially if you are using someone else's computer but want to keep an environment with your tools and files in it where you could just load it up from a flash drive.
It uses shortcuts for tools including and can autoroot etcetera among other features. This tool is free to use and distribute\modify with my name attached. It contains a presetup adb and fastboot environemnt and has extra binaries\scripts for working with the windows command line and android easier.
Overall it makes interfacing with android over adb much more interesting.
GETTING THE TOOL AND INFO:
1.9.5-XP_ONLY is for the Windows XP desktop only.
Version 3.2.9 is the latest stable release, Use this version please. Thanks for your interest.
If you want to take a snapshot of the latest development go here.
ANNOUNCEMENTS: I now have a donate button if you want to see more development.
I don't support 2.2 or 1.9.5 anymore. Only 3.x.
KNOWN ISSUES: tar might not work.
apklist won't auto exit because of the more pipe. just use control-c for now to unfreeze it
Some of the scripted adb commands stall.
EXTRA INFO:
The only thing that I own in the zip is the scripts. The copyright notice and license for android sdk and included files is included as Notice.txt and Noticeforadb.txt in the LicenseForAdbEtc.zip
With this tool their is no need to install adb or fastboot on your computer just run the script.
If you get an antivirus warning its because of the Zergrush, Psneuter, Framaroot, and ExynosAbuse root exploits.(And the Hstart binary sometimes)
I am not malicious anyway.(You can read my code easily)
You can copy the folder wherever you want. (I made sure it works)
Just don't have anything named bin in the same directory as the launch script.
EXTRA EXTRA INFO:
This tool is meant to be an extension to the command prompt and will pass anything that it doesn't understand over to the command interpreter.
It works in Wine. Extra launching needed. (See last post)
This is a tool for beginners and advanced users however beginners need to learn adb's commands before using this tool.
It will root 2.x and up(Support added for newer android versions). I suggest installing Supersu also.
Tool works on all windows versions: Wndows XP and above.
You are no longer encouraged to use the XP only zips for Windows XP.
For XP: If you use the tool on the local drive it throws errors however if you use it on a usb drive then it works fine
If you need to use it on a local drive then you can use the old win xp only version.
Windows 8 and 8.1 run the tool perfect.
Use the exit command to exit the tool.(It auto kills the adb server)
Links to third party tools used or included:
Recommended download: ApkMultiTool. Another recommended download: Mediatek flashtool
Framaroot
Exynosabuse
strace
Android Sdk
Stahlworks Binaries : Open source
Win32 Busybox Binary(pclouds) REPLACED WITH Tigress busybox
Freac Not in Slim builds.
Stericson Busybox Android Binary
Sqlite3 android
Supersu
Hstart for use with startup sound
This info applies to testing, finals, and anything else.
FUTURE CHANGES:
Code:
add start settings app and browser app command using am start
add intent disabler (Disable an app's MAIN so that it can be hidden from drawer and be unstartable "locked" )
add the ability to make img of a specified size and store it in /data and even loop mount it to sdcard
add the ability to live image the system and data partitions.
remember to make the user specify the filesystem for sdcard image
I need to backport all bug fixes and improvements to 1.9.5_XP-ONLY
use vbscripts to automate key sends (control-c) Not done due to batch sucking.
add su -c sh to start up root shell on device for use with things like strace. Not done due to batch sucking.
add if blank adb devices say you must connect with either cnt or plugging your device in. (But still show the output)
add variable for work folder
Migrate all custom data text files(hist,clr) to config folder in Work\ but keep defaults in regular bin folder.
add adbkiller script to the desktop by question on first startup.(Store info text file in userbin) (User variable then desktop)
clean output on adbp and adbps plus
change all du -smc to du -sm for single push/pull
add ability to do several pushes and pulls with du -smc in one operation
add parameters to adbp and adbps
add if not defined to destination and source file in adb and adbps to allow for hitting enter to quit in the middle of setting up a push or pull
cleanup and organize xt
include some sort of nano for windows binary for command line editing
include a compact notepad++
Remove extra binaries such as zip and unzip to point to busybox linkers (Skim through code to change "zip" to "busybox zip" or "sfk zip")
Pass all inputted commands to a script that can parse arguments before they are sent to they're respesctive scripts or binaries. (Mostly to catch /? and run it without call)
Remember to update adbClient Launcher to point to new folder.
Add first time greeting, explaining commonplace commands and the various folders using java.
add batch snake from [URL="http://www.dostips.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=4741&mobile=on"]here[/URL] [URL="http://www.dostips.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=4741&mobile=on"]and here[/URL] for fun
learn some design tips from batch snake.
add adb closer background script for when someone closes adbclient with the windows close button.
add ability to root adbps and adbp or just enable insecure adb debugging
setpass not using admin privileges, add call capability to use instadb privilege elevation code as an elevation module for the rest of my code)
search for commands
CHANGELOG:
This changlog is deprecated for the commits page on my github: https://github.com/lgrootnoob/adbClient_EnvironmentandTool/commits/master
Code:
With 1.3.1 adb/fastboot has been updated from platform-tools to rev. 19(Previously rev. 18.0.1)
Split 1.3.1 into xp only and vista up packages
Add a work command that will send you back to the work folder no matter where you are.
See third post.
Removed a couple of the zips in the post to make the download list easier.
Made license a separate download.
Add unroot function.
Implement extracter with a windows tar exe for extracting images from a tgz.
Make adb/fastboot installer for system. (%WINDIR%\system32) (To install the binaries just type instadb and follow the prompts)
(Installing adb and fastboot to the system makes adb or fastboot dependent applications operate without the need to setup complicated environment variables.)
(Before you would have had to make the environment variable point to the folder conanaining the binaries then you would have to check to make sure its setup properly. this will eliminate that issue)
Add the launch script into the package and update instructions. (JUST added launcher to make starting it easier.)
Issues with my implementations of certain processes inside the script.
Fixed updater typo.
Added sfk binary from stahlworks.(VERY useful tool [URL="http://stahlworks.com/products.html"]http://stahlworks.com/products.html[/URL])
Added zip and unzip binary from stahlworks
Added latest usb driver from google.
Add the launch script into the package and update instructions.
add win32 busybox and remove gnuwin32 tar command.
Apk install from file. And apk uninstall and apk installed lister. pm argument sender. apk command for menu
Version change in updater code. but server on mandatory downtime for a week.
Fixed problem with missing dlls in system32 install for adb and fastboot
^Fixed bugfix in 1.8 Whackamole:)
use nul to detect dirs
everything that is passed to cmd is called.(In 1.8.2+)
Added ls links to busybox and can use params like ls -l
Made links to busybox with batch files and parameters.
Added md5sum binary.
Make attempt at auto pushd popd implementation. To use this feature just cd to wherever then type back to go back.
New XP local drive version. (Remember that XP can run any version from a removable drive or drive that isnt the partition with the running OS on it.)
FIXED - Output cleanup and implementation of code rendering inner shortcuts unuseful)
add extra bin for user binaries in Work\userbin
added addpath command to append the current folder to the temporary path
Fix another bugfix.
testing version released so the version number on my server will not be updated until I have personally evaluated these builds for a couple of days.
implement pushd popd into my code
add windows tools from knife into adbclient.
made repo command.
added bin2hex binary
added deveject binary
move %clrsnd% %clrval% above the doneloop subroutine so busybox's ls command can properly highlight file names.
only use %clrsnd% %clrval% when needed (pretty much the same as I have done with adb devices and fastboot devices)
added zipalign binary
update updating system to live (ON)
add repo style p2p apt-get system called Gridlock(Thought of the name myself) (not p2p yet :( )
moved extended menu out of code and into a file to help clean up stuff.
add bash link for busybox
fixed up repo script address(dynamic)
added mkfloppy
fixed bug in apk installer code.
removed cmdmenusel and trashed the idea of using it for the preffered java dependency setup.
fixed small bug
changed exit for future dynamic handling of shutdown disk operations.
cat command takes over the beginning of the next echo so it has an echo. in its code.
Deprecated every addpath script and moving to modular addpath userspace script.
Also fixed varname bug in addpath script that made it worthless
Commented my info in.
fixed unrooting issue.
piped apklist to more.
Comment code/subroutines etc. and use whitespace to make it easier to read.(Half done, it needs more work)
everything below is for unreleased 2.3 version.
Strace helper
added goo.im opener
added audio converter freac (Freac has source code available freely on their webpage)
Remove just a couple lines from the inital output to make it fit the command prompt screen.
strace installer (chmod 777 adb push and su -c sh) for work with strace.
add data /T to top of script
added frontend for deveject binary because it is too complicated
make cnt a command that will take params so you can type cnt 192.168.1.81
^if no params are given it will ask for ip address
added send command to strace in testing
merged strace bug fixes into testing
fixed another path bug in testing
code now becoming very modular with me using scripted functions as commands in other scripts.
lgctnp always out to work dir now
fixed 'regression' in hist (Accidental reference to deprecated function broke it) (ALSO: fixed in clr)
project no subroutine/if statements: instead of using if statements on the users input on the main loop I will use batch files in my path that have the name of the user's command.
^This eliminates "" crashing.
add hash check for transmitted file. (Needs md5sum binary for android.) (Make it a question)
add busybox installer
add quick fixes menu for things like accidentally deleted launcher, etc.
fixed issue with busybox android binary got deleted.
added: 'mode con:cols=100 lines=50' for big console
fixed up lgctnp and dmsgnp code
add dmesg
quick patch for scroll height (It will be tweaked more in the future.)
[B]3.1.5 will be a temporary bug fix and binary addition in preparation for.......[/B]
make cd freac* point to full path instead
add startup Splash screen for christmas holiday
added Framaroot to rooter
added exynosabuse to rooter
adbsl is accidentally pointing to old doneloop subroutine and needs to be pointed to EOF
move from old pclouds busybox binary to [URL="http://intgat.tigress.co.uk/rmy/busybox/index.html"]tigress win32 busybox[/URL]
update android sdk dependent stuff (platform tools have been updated to 19.0.1)
update su and supersu
change call adbclient to call start adbclient so the intital launcher is exitable
java detector added
[B]3.2 Released![/B]
fix old subroutine pointers in devej
add startup sound
[B]3.2.1 Released![/B]
added screenshots to OP
patch instadb with set "installmaybe="
add size check for pulling/pulled or pushing/pushed files on adbp and adbps like the md5sum checker.'
update busybox/adb/fastboot/freac/anything else/check and update apk versions.
add question to adbp and adbps for redoing the push/pull operation if the user notices the hashes don't match
[B]3.2.4 Slim Released![/B]
change release naming scheme from final to only use final name for final release in 3.2.x, 3.3.x etc.
fix adbp to do you to "Redo pull operation?" instead of "Redo push operation?"
cleanup root.bat output organizing exploits by android version.
change subroutine pointer in ex from doneloop to :EOF
[B]3.2.5 Slim_ Maintenance Released![/B]
Google's usb driver updated to revision 9.
link every busybox applet
store busybox whoami value in variable and then put it into $~: set /p command
pointed launcher directly to bin folder name
updated binary and application dependencies
[I]Made some progress in porting a new xp desktop version: the path names need to have quotes around them.[/I]
[B]3.2.6 Slim Released![/B]
[I]INFO: adbClient is somewhat usable in Wine.[/I]
Framaroot and sfk updated.
Tigress busybox updated.
Fixed qfx mounting issue.
android busybox binary updated
updated supersu apk and su, [B]NOTE:[/B] It is ton of work to support 4.3 rooting but I will do it soon in 3.2.8 I will have to bundle cydiaimpactor somehow.
[B]3.2.7 Slim Released![/B]
2.2 removed(cached locally, so it will be unavailable. leaving the remnants of 1.9.5 even though xp is not supported by microsoft anymore)
[B]3.2.8 Released![/B]
GITHUB REPO: [url]https://github.com/lgrootnoob/adbClient_EnvironmentandTool[/url]
updated to usb driver v10
[B]3.2.9 Released![/B]
Bump:
Bump, any dev can use this tool to have their rom users debug the roms that they make easily if they like.
I have done enough testing to know that this works in Wine on Linux pretty good now.
However, special launch instructions are needed.
cd to the adbclient bin folder(Currently bin-3.2.6-Slim) and use the command:
Code:
WINEDEBUG=-all wine cmd /c adbclient.bat
- all on one line.
Adbclient should be started and you can connect to your phone wirelessly with cnt *.*.*.* (Insert ip address to the left).
Happy Linuxing.
EDIT: Bash port coming soon to a Linux computer near you.
Latest use of this tool as a library/environment for making a rooting package for phones.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2738977
The changelog here will now go unmaintained in deprecation for a github repo: https://github.com/lgrootnoob/adbClient_EnvironmentandTool
3.2.9 released.
Lgrootnoob said:
I have done enough testing to know that this works in Wine on Linux pretty good now.
However, special launch instructions are needed.
cd to the adbclient bin folder(Currently bin-3.2.6-Slim) and use the command:
Code:
WINEDEBUG=-all wine cmd /c adbclient.bat
- all on one line.
Adbclient should be started and you can connect to your phone wirelessly with cnt *.*.*.* (Insert ip address to the left).
Happy Linuxing.
EDIT: Bash port coming soon to a Linux computer near you.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I don't like bash. :/
pcwizzy37 said:
I don't like bash. :/
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
bash is necessary for using some build systems to compile android source code. If the OP wishes to donate his time and efforts , I'm sure that an easy installer will be useful to someone. I believe that this tool deserves more response than it has received.
Sent from my LGL15G using Tapatalk
ibub said:
bash is necessary for using some build systems to compile android source code. If the OP wishes to donate his time and efforts , I'm sure that an easy installer will be useful to someone. I believe that this tool deserves more response than it has received.
Sent from my LGL15G using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I have no idea why I said that back then. I have been dailying Linux for years now and BASH is what I primarily use, also it's wierd because at that time was when I was migrating to Linux.
Hi,
This is a guide on compiling the latest (as of 2015-06-24) dropbear SSH daemon (2015.67) for the Nexus 7 2013 but should also work for other ARM architecture Android devices. The guide is mainly based off the work from the blog http://blog.xulforum.org/index.php?post/2013/12/19/Compiling-Dropbear-for-a-Nexus-7-tablet which is an excellent guide to getting an older version of dropbear running on ARM Android devices.
I've modified the patch made by the original author to work on the latest dropbear version. There are not much changes from ver 2013.58 to 2015.67. The main difference seems to be the support for Elliptical Curve encryption.
** START DISCLAIMER **
I did not write the original codes/patch myself and have not scrutinized it for any security issues. USE IT AT YOUR OWN RISK.
** END DISCLAIMER **
Here's the list of requirements :-
1) Dropbear 2015.67 source code - dropbear-2015.67.tar.bz2 (https://matt.ucc.asn.au/dropbear/releases/dropbear-2015.67.tar.bz2)
2) Patch to compile for Android - dropbear-v67-android-patch-20150630 (https://goo.gl/Obo6kT) OR alternatively, you can use the patch from user serasihay (https://goo.gl/ip6Tkb).
3) A recent Linux distro (I use Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS).
4) Development tools i.e. C compiler, linker, etc... all the necessary tools to run configure, make, etc..
5) Android NDK (I'm using rev 10e) installed & setup on Linux.
Steps :-
(1) Extract the source code to a directory of its own :-
Code:
tar xjf dropbear-2015.67.tar.bz2
cd dropbear-2015.67
(2) Patch the source :-
Code:
patch -p1 < dropbear-v67-android-patch-20150630
(3) Run configure :-
Code:
./configure --build=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu --host=arm-linux-androideabi \
--disable-zlib --disable-largefile --disable-loginfunc \
--disable-shadow --disable-utmp --disable-utmpx --disable-wtmp \
--disable-wtmpx --disable-pututline --disable-pututxline --disable-lastlog
(4) Edit config.h, search for USE_DEV_PTMX and add the following line after that :-
Code:
#define USE_DEV_PTMX 1
(5) Run make :-
Code:
STATIC=1 MULTI=1 SCPPROGRESS=0 PROGRAMS="dropbear dropbearkey scp dbclient" make strip
(6) You should end up with a single static binary "dropbearmulti" which you should link dropbear, dbclient/ssh, dropbearkey and scp to.
Code:
./dropbear -h
Dropbear server v2015.67 https://matt.ucc.asn.au/dropbear/dropbear.html
Usage: ./dropbear [options]
-A Android Mode, specify a user explicitly
-N Android Mode, user name
-C Android Mode, password
-R Android Mode, public key file (authorized_keys)
-U Android Mode, UID
-G Android Mode, GID
-b bannerfile Display the contents of bannerfile before user login
(default: none)
-r keyfile Specify hostkeys (repeatable)
defaults:
dss /etc/dropbear/dropbear_dss_host_key
rsa /etc/dropbear/dropbear_rsa_host_key
ecdsa /etc/dropbear/dropbear_ecdsa_host_key
-F Don't fork into background
-E Log to stderr rather than syslog
-m Don't display the motd on login
-w Disallow root logins
-s Disable password logins
-g Disable password logins for root
-B Allow blank password logins
-j Disable local port forwarding
-k Disable remote port forwarding
-a Allow connections to forwarded ports from any host
-p [address:]port
Listen on specified tcp port (and optionally address),
up to 10 can be specified
(default port is 22 if none specified)
-P PidFile Create pid file PidFile
(default /var/run/dropbear.pid)
-i Start for inetd
-W <receive_window_buffer> (default 24576, larger may be faster, max 1MB)
-K <keepalive> (0 is never, default 0, in seconds)
-I <idle_timeout> (0 is never, default 0, in seconds)
-V Version
I will assume you know what to do with the binary file generated so will not elaborate on the process.
Hope it works for you guys. I'll be happy to help out anyone who needs more details.
NOTE: I have posted a similar guide for building dropbear for an x86 Android device in the Zenfone 2 forum (http://forum.xda-developers.com/zenfone2/general/compiling-dropbear-2015-67-zenfone-2-t3142222). The steps are mostly similar.
Cheers.
UPDATE: 2015-06-29
- I've updated the patch to fix dbclient/ssh client using password authentication.
UPDATE: 2015-06-30
- Reverted the patch for the dbclient fix as NDK does not have getpass() function. Looks like dbclient with password auth will seg fault until we can find an alternative to getpass().
UPDATE: 2015-06-30 (2)
- Uploaded yet another update to the patch to include a version of getpass(). Hopefully it works
UPDATE: 2015-07-02
- Added alternate dropbear patch by serasihay (Thanks!). Details of changes can be found here :- http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=61649194&postcount=14
Thank you for the guide, wolfdude!
I'm more interested in the client rather than the server, though.
Have you tried it? Does it work for you? For me, it doesn't.
I'm tying to connect to a remote host using the password authentication, but a segmentation fault occurs just after accepting the key of the remote host. It doesn't get to ask for the password.
The crosscompilation process goes without errors. I copy the binary to the Nexus, I do the symlinks in /system/xbin, etc.
I run the client from Terminal Emulator, and the remote host key is correctly stored in .ssh/known_hosts, inside the app's "app_HOME" directory found in /data.
On the remote server I can see that the connection request is received, the provided user is successfully identified as valid/existing; and the key algorithm exchange seems to succeed, too... But after that the connection is closed by the client... :-?
Hi serasihay,
Yes, I'm getting a Seg Fault too when I use the SSH client and using password auth. When I use an identity file, I don't get a SegFault and it connects successfully. I'm not sure what's causing the Seg Fault. When I get some time, I might have to run it through a debugger to find out. There might be more patches required to get the client working.
Cheers.
Thank you for confirming it, wolfdude.
I also think that there's more code to be patched.
I'm reading to learn how to debug the binary... Never done this on Android...
Thanks again for your time!
Hi Serasihay,
I've updated the patch to fix the seg fault issue. Turns out that the original patch commented out a chunk of code that was required for password authentication. Please test it out and hopefully this works well for you.
Cheers.
It looks like you've uploaded the old patch again by mistake... I diffed both files and they are exactly the same.
Yesterday I made good progress learning how to debug remotely a binary running on an Android device. I had to recompile the binary without striping the symbols, etc.
I'm a bit out of my depth here, but I'll continue trying to understand where's the flaw.
Code:
$ adb forward tcp:5039 tcp:5039
$ ./android-ndk-r10e/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-gdb
[...]
(gdb) target remote :5039
(gdb) symbol-file dropbear-2015.67/dropbearmulti
Reading symbols from dropbear-2015.67/dropbearmulti...done.
(gdb) run
The "remote" target does not support "run". Try "help target" or "continue".
(gdb) continue
Continuing.
Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
0x000527cc in strlen (s=0x0) at bionic/libc/arch-arm/bionic/strlen.c:62
62 bionic/libc/arch-arm/bionic/strlen.c: No such file or directory.
(gdb) backtrace
#0 0x000527cc in strlen (s=0x0) at bionic/libc/arch-arm/bionic/strlen.c:62
#1 0x0000aff0 in cli_auth_password ()
#2 0x0000a7ec in cli_auth_try ()
#3 0x0000f534 in cli_sessionloop ()
#4 0x000161a0 in session_loop ()
#5 0x0000f16c in cli_session ()
#6 0x0000d604 in cli_main ()
#7 0x00008228 in main ()
(gdb) frame 1
#1 0x0000aff0 in cli_auth_password ()
(gdb) info frame
Stack level 1, frame at 0xbecbf848:
pc = 0xaff0 in cli_auth_password; saved pc = 0xa7ec
called by frame at 0xbecbf860, caller of frame at 0xbecbf7d0
Arglist at 0xbecbf844, args:
Locals at 0xbecbf844, Previous frame's sp is 0xbecbf848
Saved registers:
r4 at 0xbecbf834, r5 at 0xbecbf838, r6 at 0xbecbf83c, r11 at 0xbecbf840, lr at 0xbecbf844
(gdb)
I guess the code commented out in the patch that you are referring to is the one that, in cli-auth.c, does the following aasignement:
Code:
password = getpass(prompt);
It makes sense, because from the debugging "session" I posted int my previous post, one could deduce that the problem is that a null string is passed to cli_auth_password ()...
But, unhappily, the function getpass is not provided by the Android C library (Bionic). If you try to build with a "corrected" patch, you end up with this error:
Code:
cli-auth.o:cli-auth.c:function getpass_or_cancel: error: undefined reference to 'getpass'
I'll try to find a workaround. Any help will be appreciated!
serasihay said:
I guess the code commented out in the patch that you are referring to is the one that, in cli-auth.c, does the following aasignement:
...
I'll try to find a workaround. Any help will be appreciated!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hi serasihay,
You're on the right track That is indeed the function causing the seg fault. I've updated the post to have the correct URL to the CORRECT patch now. Please try again and let me know how it goes.
Cheers.
Hi wolfdude,
The corrected patch you've uploaded is like the one I already tried. As I was saying in my previous post:
serasihay said:
But, unhappily, the function getpass is not provided by the Android C library (Bionic). If you try to build with a "corrected" patch, you end up with this error:
Code:
cli-auth.o:cli-auth.c:function getpass_or_cancel: error: undefined reference to 'getpass'
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
So, in my opinion, it's a matter of finding an alternative to "getpass", or implementing a new one... I'm reading what would be the better solution.
Thank you again for your time!
Cheers.
Ahh... apologies for not reading correctly. I see what you meant now. I did my compile/build on an x86 android device and I assumed that it would also work for ARM using the NDK. Let us know how you go with the getpass() alternative.
Thanks.
Hi serasihay,
Ok... I've uploaded another patch this time to include a getpass() function which I pinched & modified from the GLIBC library. Hopefully it works as expected. Again... I didn't audit it for any security issues so use at your own risk
Cheers.
Thank you very much for your help and efforts, wolfdude.
I've taken my chances with your new patch... But the code doesn't compile, either.
Now the problem is with the "getline" function:
Code:
cli-auth.o:cli-auth.c:function getpass: error: undefined reference to 'getline'
I'll keep struggling with it as time allows...
Edit:
I've found a working getpass function. The code compiles and allows me to successfuly login to my remote machine!
https://github.com/CyanogenMod/android_external_dropbear/blob/cm-12.0/netbsd_getpass.c
When I get time I'll see if it is secure to include it and what would be the proper way to do so. I'm out of my depth here. Of course, feel free to make a new patch or whatever you consider appropriate, surely you're more experienced than I am!
Good to know you have it working now. I'm no developer too so can't really comment on which ever is better. As long as it works right
Cheers.
I've uploaded the patch that makes the dropbear client work for me.
https://goo.gl/ip6Tkb
Basically, it is the one you uploaded initially, but it corrects the problem with the getpass function by using the one implemented in the file netbsd_getpass.c.
To sum it up, my patch differs from your first one in that:
* Adds two new files, netbsd_getpass.h and netbsd_getpass.c.
* Modifies cli-auth.c to include the netbsd_getpass.h in order to use its getpass function.
* Modifies the Makefile.in so that the netbsd_getpass.c object is compiled and included into the dropbearmulti binary.
* Modifies options.h to change the path of the SSH which is used in scp.c to: _PATH_SSH_PROGRAM "/system/xbin/dbclient"; i.e.: it assumes that you do the appropiate symlink in /system/xbin...
Cheers!
Good stuff! I'll update the original post to have a link to your patch.
Thanks.
I'll be happy if it helps anyone.
Thank you!
If you have openssl ported to Android, there's a simple, useful patch that substitutes crypt with openssl's DES_crypt.
Link to the description (which contains a link to the patch) is here: http://www.gossamer-threads.com/lists/openssh/bugs/55836
Note: DES encryption isn't the best, but it's better than cleartext. I did look through the openssl headers/libs for an AES_crypt or 3DES_crypt but couldn;t find anything
static compile... 'No such file or directory" error
Excellent guide -- wolfdude & serasihay thank-you. I'm new to andriod and was clueless on how to do this.
I have the dbclient running, but only if I compile without the STATIC=1. Whenever I use static I get an "sh: ./dbclient: No such file or directory" error immediately upon execution. Any idea why this is happening?
I'm using a Motorola Moto G (the new Moto G sometimes called the Moto G2). As the non-static is quite a bit smaller and seems to run okay I'm wondering if not using static will bomb on other devices and I'm just lucky with the Moto G.
Hi,
No idea why you can't compile it as static... but if the dynamic executable works for you then it should be ok.
Cheers.
I have tried to compile dropbear with both patches. But everytime it shows ::
gcc -I./libtomcrypt/src/headers/ -I. -I. -Os -W -Wall -Wno-pointer-sign -DDROPBEAR_SERVER -DDROPBEAR_CLIENT -DDBMULTI_dropbear -DDBMULTI_dbclient -DDBMULTI_dropbearkey -DDBMULTI_dropbearconvert -DDBMULTI_scp -DDROPBEAR_MULTI -c -o netbsd_getpass.o netbsd_getpass.c
netbsd_getpass.c: In function 'getpass':
netbsd_getpass.c:68:18: error: '_PASSWORD_LEN' undeclared (first use in this function)
netbsd_getpass.c:68:18: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in
netbsd_getpass.c:68:14: warning: unused variable 'buf' [-Wunused-variable]
netbsd_getpass.c:114:1: warning: control reaches end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
make: *** [netbsd_getpass.o] Error 1
Click to expand...
Click to collapse