Sprint 2.27.651.6 OTA -DO NOT INSTALL - Hero CDMA General

Now After weeks of hard work regaw finally rooted the Official 2.27.651.5 ruu update yesterday Intrustions HERE http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=6686395&postcount=1
Well it seems sprint is hard at work to patch the exploit to regain root. They are pushing 2.27.651.6 OTA (over the air) update today. do not download or install untill it has been verified safe, it is beleived to be a patch to fix the root exploit.
This is just a friendly warning.
UDATED INFO-----------------
Pleased Do not get the RUU from either sprint or htc as this has been updated to the new version, if you do you will most likely lose root
Android info on rom
ModelID: HERO20000
CIDNUM: SPCS_001
MainVer: 2.27.651.6
it is still listed as 2.27.651.5

nfinitefx45 said:
Now After weeks of hard work regaw finally rooted the Official 2.27.651.5 ruu update yesterday Intrustions HERE http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=6686395&postcount=1
Well it seems sprint is hard at work to patch the exploit to regain root. They are pushing 2.27.651.6 OTA (over the air) update today. do not download or install untill it has been verified safe, it is beleived to be a patch to fix the root exploit.
This is just a friendly warning.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I figured this would be for EVO only to fix their SDcard issues.

it is only for the EVO. only update for heros that ive heard of is the gsm heros getting updated to 2.1 and thats it.

Just checked for firmware update, No Update Available.
Why is this posted here OP, is there something you know that this will be pushed to us Hero owners too?

I did the RUU then root fix, after starting up i got notified about an update also. So hmmmm. Maybe something in the update makes the system think it's an evo.

smstutler said:
I did the RUU then root fix, after starting up i got notified about an update also. So hmmmm. Maybe something in the update makes the system think it's an evo.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You need to do the optional Cert stuff at the bottom of the guide to disable OTA updates.

Well there are reports that Sprint HERO customers have recieve a notification of an update. So I figure better safe then sorry to atleast post the info....
Besides I'd rather be wrong on this then to not post anything and have people updating to find out it was true.
If they want to remove my post then that is fine. Also I posted this hear for any new hero owners that may have just started exploring the options to root there Hero's
Have a great day, and hopefully I am wrong about the update.

The sprint community forums has confirmed that there is an update available directly from HTC. There are posts at various android forums that is confirming an EVO update this morning to fix the sdcard issue also patches the root exploit. Most people are saying that this OTA update for the Hero patches root as well.

I can confirm that there is an update for the HERO today also, "System Upgrade 2.27.651.6 (3.17 MB)" has come up on my HERO

ok, well that proves me wrong. sorry about that. in any case, does anybody know what the update does?

kashb91 said:
ok, well that proves me wrong. sorry about that. in any case, does anybody know what the update does?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Probably patches root.

I find it hard to belive hero has had a root exploit less than 24 horus and sprint already has a patch for it.

The hero uses the same exploit as the EVO and the EVO patch today gets rid of root. Putting two and two together means that this update was probably really easy for them to push out.

No official list out yet but with 3.17MB, there's gotta be more than just regaining root. I would hope anyway. There's so many other useful things they could update.

Just renamed system/etc/security/otacerts.zip TO /system/etc/security/otacerts.zip.bak using root explorer.
That should hold em.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=694572

On the How to Root Sprint 2.1 Release thread, someone updated to the 2.1 RUU from Sprint website today and it put the .6 version on (or at least updated immediately) and they lost root. However, the team is trying to see if they can gain it back or at lease roll back to the .5 version.

Kcarpenter said:
I find it hard to belive hero has had a root exploit less than 24 horus and sprint already has a patch for it.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The exploit is based off of the EVO exploit, which was announced last week. Due to the similarity it may be more believable.

I just update the info on the first page I have downloaded and extracted both from sprint and htc and it is confirmed to be the new version

http://community.sprint.com/baw/com...-update-available-for-htc-evo-4g-and-htc-hero
Sprint says it only fixes the SD Card issue and the "Security Vulnerability" on the Evo, so obviously the Hero update was just patching root.
I find it really ... annoying.. that all they did was concentrate on patching root.... That should be SOOO far down on their priority level.

And hopefully, my comment will be seen by a lot of people, albeit a rude one, but my thoughts none the less...

Related

Rooting the New Update for Leaked 2.1

Since the 2.1 new update was released, I figured it would be a higher version number than our leaked 2.1. That means we could hboot it to our phones to update.
But wait, could some developer root this update (maybe in a similar to the way they rooted 1.5 to 2.1 root) so the leaked 2.1 people could hboot to this new update for 2.1 except it would be rooted.
Sorry if that was confusing.
Here's where the update was found:
androidforums.com/htc-droid-eris/55898-you-dont-need-root-new-leak.html
As far as I understand it, the reason that 2.1 OTA can be installed for users running leaked 2.1 is because it has a higher subversion number and it is SIGNED. That is the tricky part. Because your SPL / HBoot is S-ON, meaning that it will only install signed zips, you are still unable to install a rooted 2.1. The reason that the exploit worked on 1.5 is because the PB00IMG.zip IS a signed package, but the versioning only puts it ahead of 1.5, not Leaked 2.1 or OTA 2.1. Once the PB00IMG.zip is installed, it turns S-OFF so that unsigned (e.g. rooted) packages. From what I have read in other posts, devs are moving toward trying to find exploits in the new 2.1 OTA for users who have already upgraded without root. I would personally recommend doing the 2.1 OTA and hanging tight for the next exploit.
Thank you man. So, would it not be possible to turn S-OFF in this new update? I understand that would require going in and tampering with the files, which could break the signature on the package, possibly?
Precisely, if you change one bit of a signed file, the signature changes completely. As I understand it, the PB00IMG.zip file that is used to root 1.5 phones was "stumbled upon" already signed by HTC. For any future rooting for people with 2.1, this file is unusable because the versioning of this convenient package is older than what leakers and official 2.1 adopters have. It is impossible to modify the 2.1 update without breaking the sig. We now have to hope that devs can find an exploit or broken code in the new 2.1 update that allows for rooting by another means.
If you are desperate, feel free to try to socially engineer Verizon. That has met with considerable success from some other early adopters. If not, play the waiting game. In the mean time, feel free to upgrade to the OTA 2.1 leak. It fixes some things like Google relogin.
shickfaced said:
Precisely, if you change one bit of a signed file, the signature changes completely. As I understand it, the PB00IMG.zip file that is used to root 1.5 phones was "stumbled upon" already signed by HTC. For any future rooting for people with 2.1, this file is unusable because the versioning of this convenient package is older than what leakers and official 2.1 adopters have. It is impossible to modify the 2.1 update without breaking the sig. We now have to hope that devs can find an exploit or broken code in the new 2.1 update that allows for rooting by another means.
If you are desperate, feel free to try to socially engineer Verizon. That has met with considerable success from some other early adopters. If not, play the waiting game. In the mean time, feel free to upgrade to the OTA 2.1 leak. It fixes some things like Google relogin.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
So, I installed the first 2.1 leak. Can I install this new one that just came out in the last couple days? Sorry, guess I'm not seeing the answer here
If we were able to find a way to modify the update to include root with a valid signature, we would also be able to modify the version number to a higher number than the current 2.1 leak. I'm pretty sure upgrading to the "official" 2.1 won't hurt our chances of finding root, it'll just make the wait less buggy
jearl75:
Yeah, you can install the new leak over the old one, no worries.
so should us people on the first 2.1 leak upgrade to the newest one or stay on the first one??
theboo7 said:
so should us people on the first 2.1 leak upgrade to the newest one or stay on the first one??
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I reckon that depends on if you're experiencing the Google login bug or not. My wife's Eris with the first leaked 2.1 is not. And if you are experiencing that bug, which is more hassle...logging into Google repeatedly, or rebuilding your phone (apps, contacts, etc) from scratch??
Dangerous Dave said:
I reckon that depends on if you're experiencing the Google login bug or not. My wife's Eris with the first leaked 2.1 is not. And if you are experiencing that bug, which is more hassle...logging into Google repeatedly, or rebuilding your phone (apps, contacts, etc) from scratch??
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
its not that bad since i rarely restart my phone, i guess my real question would be would it make it longer until i get root? or are devs trying to root the NEW 2.1 instead of the old 2.1
I apologize if this gets old, but I am trying to be cautious so I don't brick my phone...
I downloaded the following leaked 2.1 version a few weeks ago, and have this installed:
Baseband version: 2.40.00.01.22
Kernel version: 2.6.29-5898f66b / [email protected] #1
Build number: 2.19.605.1 CL12345 test-keys
Software number: 2.19.605.1
I have a problem installing the new version of Google Maps. Phone dial can be sluggish and/or unresponsive at times, but it is manageable. Overall, the installation of the leaked ROM went fine, and I feel like I am pushing my luck if I try to download the latest ROM. Does anyone know if the latest release addresses the issues above? I am not experiencing any of the login issues to Gmail that others are experiencing.
My question is this: Should I just leave well enough alone and wait for the OTA at this point?
Thanks for any suggestions.
mdeavers said:
I apologize if this gets old, but I am trying to be cautious so I don't brick my phone...
I downloaded the following leaked 2.1 version a few weeks ago, and have this installed:
Baseband version: 2.40.00.01.22
Kernel version: 2.6.29-5898f66b / [email protected] #1
Build number: 2.19.605.1 CL12345 test-keys
Software number: 2.19.605.1
I have a problem installing the new version of Google Maps. Phone dial can be sluggish and/or unresponsive at times, but it is manageable. Overall, the installation of the leaked ROM went fine, and I feel like I am pushing my luck if I try to download the latest ROM. Does anyone know if the latest release addresses the issues above? I am not experiencing any of the login issues to Gmail that others are experiencing.
My question is this: Should I just leave well enough alone and wait for the OTA at this point?
Thanks for any suggestions.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I Know that when I installed the new Leak, the dialer lag was MUCH improved, as was the phone signal and general stability, Gmail doesn't make you log back in every reboot, and on my phone my "get more HTC widgets" link is fixed. But I heard on others phones it wasnt. It Does wipe all your apps even though its 2.1 -> 2.1. But Just like last time the SD card is untouched.
The installation process is exactly the same. I recommend it.
EDIT- Actually I just noticed the build you have installed is test keys signed and to my knowledge only the root rom was test key signed. This being the case if you want to keep root I would flash a custom cooked ROM... Since your lucky enough to have the chance to do so... Sigh..
Wait, test keys signed means what exactly? My Eris reads that but I only installed the two leaks AFAIK?
Does it just mean signed by HTC?
thawkth said:
Wait, test keys signed means what exactly? My Eris reads that but I only installed the two leaks AFAIK?
Does it just mean signed by HTC?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
So you only installed the 2.1 non-root Leaks??? I may be mistaken, but both times I flashed the leaks, 2.1a +2.1b, both had builds signed with release keys... I was under the impression that only the 2.1 leak+root was signed with test keys.
Shed some light developers?
Whitepaint said:
So you only installed the 2.1 non-root Leaks??? I may be mistaken, but both times I flashed the leaks, 2.1a +2.1b, both had builds signed with release keys... I was under the impression that only the 2.1 leak+root was signed with test keys.
Shed some light developers?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You are exactly correct: Both of the leaked 2.1 roms have release keys, while the 1.5->2.1 root rom (and any rom based on that upgrade) will have test keys.
my girl has a rooted 2.1 with release keys. download Grdlocks ota rom
ahjee said:
my girl has a rooted 2.1 with release keys. download Grdlocks ota rom
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Interesting...can you post the software version/info from your phone settings?
ahjee said:
my girl has a rooted 2.1 with release keys. download Grdlocks ota rom
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thats most probably because Grdlocks ota rom is based on just that, the 2.1 ota leak, not the 2.1+root rom. The Beauty of custom roms...
Sorry no one has been clean on this before:
The 2.1 leak was leaked from HTC by riverrunner. We actually don't care about the hboot version, radio version is the main thing updaters look at (we've found that out since root).
The 2.1 update that had root built in was also an HTC leak. It contained SU. That was the difference. We didn't do ANYTHING to get root. ABSOLUTELY NOTHING. It was leaked by someone at HTC. Simple enough. So, we CANNOT redo this, becuas we did NOTHING.
Hope this clears it up. Thanks!
zifnab06 said:
Sorry no one has been clean on this before:
The 2.1 leak was leaked from HTC by riverrunner. We actually don't care about the hboot version, radio version is the main thing updaters look at (we've found that out since root).
The 2.1 update that had root built in was also an HTC leak. It contained SU. That was the difference. We didn't do ANYTHING to get root. ABSOLUTELY NOTHING. It was leaked by someone at HTC. Simple enough. So, we CANNOT redo this, becuas we did NOTHING.
Hope this clears it up. Thanks!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I'm glad this was finally publicly admitted. I got kind of tired of the devs going around pretending they actually did something besides getting lucky with a leak.
12134567890

ROOT - Official Verizon 2.1 OTA Upgrade - Eris

Thought that this would need to be created since the upgrade has begun. I have 2 Eris Droids on my account and 1 has received the update but not the other. It is possible that because the other has the v3 leak already maybe it will not update until there is an update beyond 2.1. I am in the Washington DC Metro area. Which has a HUGE Verizon base.
I am committed to finding the root for this. I will work on it myself and report any progress. If anyone else wants to contribute their findings...feel free...
Save for future use...1
Still have not achieved anything as of yet...
Save for future use...2
Save for future use...2
Save for future use...3
Save for future use...3
No one on any of the leaks has received the OTA update. Its possible they never will, as it has been stated the leaks have a higher HBOOT than the OTA. OF course if you ask the people on the VZWSupport on twitter they all claim that the leakers will receive it before the end of the OTA period. But since no one, as far as I know, on a leak has received it I will believe it when it happens. Just my 2 cents
I agree with you on that. Its our penalty for circumventing the VERIZON way...LOL
This thread is a bit superfluous, it has been confirmed you can root the OTA update the same way you could root 1.5:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=681648
However, the leaked RUU updates changed the HBOOT version, where the OTA update did not. This means leakers are SOL, at least for the time being...
sorry wrong post lol
DEAd thread.
Version 3 of leak is almost identical (minus a few missing files that are not needed) to the OTA.
OTA users can root via 1.5 method.
Search function FTW.
jcase said:
DEAd thread.
Version 3 of leak is almost identical (minus a few missing files that are not needed) to the OTA.
OTA users can root via 1.5 method.
Search function FTW.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Are you sayign Version 3 leaked can be rooted?
No, he is stating that if you went from 1.5 stock to 2.1 OTA you can root using the same method as the 1.5 -> 2.1 root.
If you have any of the leaked versions you cannot root yet.
Gervin said:
Are you sayign Version 3 leaked can be rooted?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
No. v3 changed the hboot version.
I am using a rooted version of 1.5 right now, I keep getting the message from Verizon if I want to update to 2.1 OTA.
Anyone know if could allow that update to download and would it work? Lets assume it does not work would it ruin my phone? Or worse case I just re-flash my phone back to rooted 1.5?
Reason I am using rooted 1.5 over any of the current rooted leaked 2.1 roms is the bluetooth is not working with my new car I picked up last weekend I am very curious to find out if the problem with bluetooth is a bug in 2.1 leaked versions or is also present in the official over the air version too.
Btw 1.5 rooted bluetooth works just fine. And my friend Droid and my wife blackberry work just fine so I know my car bluetooth is not the problem.
not only do people with the leak
not have to worry about getting the update, they also have to worry about losing their 3g, which is what happened to me when the official verizon ota update hit. lucky for me, the local store didnt know i root and ordered me a replacement since i was under warrantee. i think my rooted phone and verizon kept trying to push the ota update back to each other freezing up my 3g speed.

2.1 leak V3 received OTA update notification!

just buzzing in that my phone just received an OTA update notification.
its currently on 2.1 leak V3.
A: anyone else get the notification?
B: anyone apply it and check for rootability
i refuse to apply the update
No update for me yet. Been checking. But nothing yet.
If you do apply it, follow these instructions courtesy of bftb0 before you do http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=642135
Thanks for the link
refthemc said:
If you do apply it, follow these instructions courtesy of bftb0 before you do http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=642135
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You could just call verizion and find out what the ota update there tell you
iornslave said:
just buzzing in that my phone just received an OTA update notification.
its currently on 2.1 leak V3.
A: anyone else get the notification?
B: anyone apply it and check for rootability
i refuse to apply the update
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Why would you refuse to update, if you are on the 2.1 ota you can root.
tonyb81 said:
Why would you refuse to update, if you are on the 2.1 ota you can root.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
he would not be able to by the 1.5 root method, bc the leak already wrote over his bootloader. so his only hope to root is http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=711535
Anyone know if the update would be received on a rooted 2.1 ROM as long as the otacerts.zip and systemupdater.apk files are restored?
fritzel67 said:
Anyone know if the update would be received on a rooted 2.1 ROM as long as the otacerts.zip and systemupdater.apk files are restored?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
In theory, as long as your build number still reads 2.36.605.1. Might not work correctly, though, if it's trying to patch files.
i did get the update
i did accept the update
it does remove root
but i was able to easily get root after it
just adding that i only had the first part of the rooting process done
i didnt have a custom rom or recovery
Androidforums is following this here.
http://androidforums.com/htc-droid-eris/111235-anyone-receive-12-8mb-ota-update-today.html
So far the build number and software numbers are bumped and the Heroc baseband (the latest 2.42.01.04.27 that Sprint has) is installed.
Hopefully we can get a logcat of the update so the devs can pick it apart and find out how it ticks.
Another user had posted a day or two ago on Androidforums that a VZW rep had told him an OTA was going to be pushed out to resolve audio issues. A few people wrote him off but it looks like they may have been right.
Users are reporting that Hboot is not affected.
Stonent said:
Users are reporting that Hboot is not affected.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I don't know about other Android (or HTC phones), but VZW/HTC have never put a bootloader update into their OTAs for the Eris. (Probably too risky from a customer standpoint - a problem with flashing the bootloader will definitely cause a brick.)
For root users, most of whom are using ROMs that defeat OTA updates, there would be little risk. For leakers, who don't have a friendly bootloader in the first place - well, can the bootloader get any worse than it already is?
There is a chance that the recovery partition will be different (VZW/HTC did that during the 2.1 OTA update)- and right now, that is the only glimmer of hope for the leakers wanting root.
We need to find out if the recovery partition got changed ASAP - at the moment, that is the big risk.
If anybody captures the URL for the download, please post it up.
bftb0
Yeah I didn't figure they'd mess with Hboot.
Has anyone captured this so we can install and not wait for the OTA? I have two Eris phones, one on Leak v.2 and one running the RUU 2.1 (upgraded from Leak v.3)
Firmware 2.1
Baseband 2.40.00.01.22
Kernel 2.6.29-564a4a15
[email protected] #1
Build 2.26.605.4 CL 140744 release keys
will I get the OTA? If not, how would I go about getting a rom to get the update?
I tried renaming otacerts.zip.bak back to otacerts.zip but apperently I'm not smart enough to...
What does this update do, if anybody knows?
Specifically does it fix the silent bug?
Neither here, nor Androidforums has had anyone capture the log file yet.
It's driving me crazy to know what's in this update. So far all I know is the build number is updated, and a new baseband.

FOTA Update: 1.47.651.1 (30.15 MB)

Just got my EVO and I was prompted for this update. I've been searching and have been reading mixed reviews. Some say their phones are running smoother, Wi-fi has been improved, and aesthetics have gotten a boost. Others say it bricked their phones, killed their 4G, or made their phones slower.
Has anyone installed the 30.15 MB update? Bad results? Good?
Edit: Sorry for posting this here. Thought I was in the Q&A section. Could I have this moved please? Thanks.
If you plan on rooting, root first.
rooting issues have been solved so it doesn't matter
If you're not rooting just install the update. That update makes the phone better. It worked great on mine. I was still able to root as well.
the first OTA with the same number was pulled when it was bricking phones. then another version was put out that fixed the problem and also "fixed rooting" as well lol. i think the new version was released june 28th.
but yeah the rooting has been worked around so update away. either way if anything does happen with an ota its covered.
i applied the ota as soon as i stepped out of best buy not knowing what the ota did so i lost the root option till there was a new root procedure.
If he wants to root he can just update and then root with Simple Root.

Anyone Seen the Official OTA Yet?

Just checkin'...TIA
JC
mrchambo said:
Just checkin'...TIA
JC
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
They usually release only to a few thousand at a time the first few days, then up to 10,000 a day a few days later or something like that, so you might not get it till next week if its truly coming out.
They also have typically announced the update in the Verizonwireless.com forums under the android\incredible section. Until you see it there I would consider it a rumor.
Im just wondering if we will even get the ota if we're rooted or if we will have to unroot first.
According to this, the update is for real:
w ww.droid-life.com/2010/07/16/breaking-droid-incredible-ota-update-is-go/
Oops...can't post a link yet.
hey OP, make this a poll
I've been seeing it everywhere, but haven't gotten it yet.
JTCGiants56 said:
Im just wondering if we will even get the ota if we're rooted or if we will have to unroot first.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I second this question
Kipphh said:
I second this question
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
gonna have to unroot to get updates.
EDIT: I take this back. It depends on your version. If you have an older version of software and you have not turned off notifications you will get the notification to update. If, however you're running a froyo ROM then my understanding is that you won't see the update.
Been on all the android forums today , so far nobody has gotten the update OTA.
If it was out today vzw would confirm it like they did when we got the first update.
All I heard today was a friend of a friend got the update , RIGHT !
Verizon hasn't released the "official" OTA, but there is a leaked version that people are downloading and installing. It appears to be authentic, but since not an OTA may affect future Radio updates if you install it. Plenty of info over at the Droid Forum.
MLT2004 said:
Verizon hasn't released the "official" OTA, but there is a leaked version that people are downloading and installing. It appears to be authentic, but since not an OTA may affect future Radio updates if you install it. Plenty of info over at the Droid Forum.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Which Droid forum?
this droid forum for one thing. Check in the development section and you will see several threads with leaked ota discussing this
.
I'm really anxious to get the update, but I'm going to wait for the OTA. I updated my Eris with a leaked OTA, and I ended up regretting it. It made rooting much more difficult, and stopped me from getting the final OTA.
bearmacerick said:
I'm really anxious to get the update, but I'm going to wait for the OTA. I updated my Eris with a leaked OTA, and I ended up regretting it. It made rooting much more difficult, and stopped me from getting the final OTA.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Do you know how it stopped you from getting the final OTA? i would think if you wiped and went back to a stock ROM the network wouldn't know the difference.
Ezun said:
Do you know how it stopped you from getting the final OTA? i would think if you wiped and went back to a stock ROM the network wouldn't know the difference.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Nope. Known issue with the Eris leak.
Well, I'm not sure if if I have the OTA or not, or just part of it.
I rooted with the original instructions, then updated everything with Unrevoked 3.1. Stock ROM installed, have working WIFI tether.
Yesterday, got a message in my notification bar that a Verizon widget was available. I can now add a new Data Usage widget to my desktop, which says "Data Usage 0.0/0 MB Estimate as of N/A". Not sure why it isn't updating, but it's possible that it's related to me having a corporate rather than a personal account.
Never got a prompt to install any OTA. Tethering still works.
Hardware version 0002, Firmware version 2.1-update1
So maybe the Verizon widget was pushed by itself without the full OTA since I don't have the standard recovery?
FYI, the OTA has been halted in favor of packaging it up with the official Android FroYo v2.2 update. So instead up two OTA's we will have one OTA to rule them all!
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=729749
Even better! I assume the recommendation then is to unroot?
greno1 said:
Even better! I assume the recommendation then is to unroot?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
No, the recommendation would probably be to hold your horses and wait till the OTA get's patched so we can simply upgrade without any hassle.

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