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Hello XDA
I've written a security guide I have posted to quite a few Android communities/forums. This guide is intended for new users to Android so probably doesn't apply to anyone here. But I do think Android users deserve solid advice from the experts and with all the media scare tactics going around, now more than ever.
However, I was hoping that if some Devs had the time, they could give some of it a quick read. I'm hoping to get a more informed developer opinion on whether I missed anything or am mis-representing something or another. I'd like to make sure that my information is as accurate as possible, and since Android is a community thang, I figure why not ask some other devs if they want to have a look and chime in.
The one topic I havent really yet covered is rooting, so I know at least that much is missing.
Thanks in advance and please feel free to post all feedback -- positive/negative/or your favorite cheesecake recipe.
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Background about Android
The first thing when understanding the security of your phone is to know a little bit about what makes it tick. Android is a 'lite' version of Linux with most applications that you download from the market written in Java.
The reason that this is important to know is that it means Android is very unlikely to ever get a 'virus' in the traditional sense. Part of the reason why is because Linux is a fairly secure operating system that protects various parts of itself from other parts. This is similar to how Windows has admin accounts and limited user accounts. Because of this protection, applications downloaded from the market do not have access to anything by default. You must grant them permission for each activity they want to perform when they are installed. This is a very important point which we will address a bit later. Also due to some bad choices by Google, there are a few exceptions to this rule that we'll talk about in the permissions section.
Nevertheless, while Android is very unlikely to get a 'virus', that does not mean you are completely safe from 'malware', 'spyware', or other harmful types of programs.
Types of Dangerous Programs
Probably the biggest/most common threats from applications on Android are:
1) When the developer/app tricks the user into giving the app permissions it does not need to do its job
2) When the app hides malicious code behind legitimate permissions.
3) When the app tricks the user into entering in personal information or sensitive data (such as a credit card number)
There are various ways malicious developers (also knowns as hackers or crackers) accomplish this. We'll briefly define each kind just to have a common understanding of the terms.
Malware
Malware generally is an all-encompassing term used to describe any harmful program. This includes spyware, viruses, and phishing scams (sometimes).
Spyware
Spyware is used to describe software or applications that read your information and data without you actually knowing it and reporting it back to some unknown third party for nefarious purposes. Often times this includes keystroke loggers to steal passwords or credit card information. Some people include certain types of Advertising tracking in this category (sometimes called Adware, see below). However that's a much larger debate we wont cover here.
Phishing
Phishing and spyware are closely related. They work on a similar principle: tricking the user and sending user information to a 3rd party to steal it. The difference with phishing however, is that the application (or website) will pretend to be from a trusted source to try and 'trick' you into entering in your details. Contrastly spyware would try to hide itself from being known to the user. One way to think about the difference is that phishing is masquerading while spyware is hiding, but the end goal of stealing your data is the same.
An example of this would be a app or website pretending to be affiliated with your bank or Paypal or your email provider (Gmail, Hotmail, Yahoo). However it can, and does, include any service where someone might want to steal your identity or password.
There have been known successfull phising attacks releated to at least one bank on Android.
Virus
The definition of virus used to be more all-encompassing. These days that term has been replaced by malware. Virus is more typically used to describe a specific type of software that takes control of your operating system and either damages it, or uses it for its own purposes. An example might be when a virus send emails to everyone in your email address book. Again this is the type of program least likely to be a problem for Android.
Trojan Horse
A trojan horse is really just a specific type of virus. It merely refers to the idea that the app pretends to be something useful or helpful or fun for the user while actually causing harm or stealing data. This term is often used to describe spyware and phishing attacks as well.
Adware
Adware is typically a bit of a grey area. Sometimes this is also called nuisance-ware. This type of application will often show the users an excessive amount of advertising in return for providing a service to the user of dubious quality. However, this type of program can often be confused with legitimate ad-supported software, which shows a mild to moderate amount of advertising while providing a useful service that the user wants. Because it can be hard to tell the difference, there exists a grey area from most anti-virus companies as to how to handle adware.
Warez
This is a term you'll sometimes hear referring to 'pirated' or unlicensed software. Often times warez forums and websites will offer "free apps" or "apks" (Android Package).
Don't be fooled by these sites, and do NOT download these files and load them to your phone. These files are stolen from the real developers by unscrupulous people who have no regard for the work put into apps by the developers, or the law. Often times they will even try making money off of the advertising on their "warez" forums. They are profiteers that do the entire Android community a great disservice, and hurt the developers. Furthermore this is very often the most popular 'vector' (method) of attack that malware writers use. Some go as far as stealing apps and putting them on the Android Market itself under different names.
If you are a user that cannot access the paid Android Market, there are alternatives these days. The most trustworthy markets (in my opinion) are the following:
- Android (Google) Market
- Amazon Appstore
- SlideMe
- Archos AppsLib
- AndAppStore (possibly)
- AndroidTapp (possibly)
- Verizon's Market (not sure if this is live yet)
- Motorola's Market (not sure if live or where, might be focused on Latin America?)
Other than these markets, I would not advise anyone to download and install an app from anywhere else.
However there are a few exceptions related to open source. These are places that independent developers can upload free and/open source apps. They don't guarantee your safety (nothing does) but they are not warez sites and are much more likely to be safe.
Open source or free apps: (very likely safe, not warez)
- XDA Developers
- Googlecode
- GitHub
How to Protect Yourself
There are no full-proof ways to avoid all bad situations in the world, but any sane person with a reasonable head on their shoulders knows that a few good habits can keep you safe for a long, long time in whatever you do. Here are a few tips I have learned from many years as a professional software developer and from reading these forums that have many people smarter and more knowledgeable than I about Android
Read the comments in the Market
This should go without saying. Before you download any applications, be sure to read the comments. Don't just read the first three either, click through and see what people are saying. This can also help you understand how well an app work on your particular phone or your particular version of Android. Comments should also be read EVERY time you update an app.
Check the Rating
Any app that fails to maintain abpve 2.5 stars is likely not worth your time. If you are brave enough to be one of the first few to download an app, this does not apply to you. Nevertheless almost all good apps have between 3 and 5 stars. To me, this is just a general rule to help find quality apps.
Check the permissions
There are many things an app can do to, and for, your phone. But anything an app can do is told to you when you download and install it. Before you download and install an app, you will be shown a list of permissions the application is requesting. Read them. Try your best to understand them in terms of what the application is supposed to do for you. For example, if you download a game of checkers, and the Market warns you that it wants to be able to read your contacts, you should think twice and probably not download it. There is no sane reason a game of checkers needs to know your friend's phone numbers.
To see the permissions given to an application after installation, go to the Market, press [menu], then [downloads] or [my apps], then select the app, press [menu] again, then press [security].
Below I have a list of some of the most commonly used permissions. The list has explanations of how important they are, what they do, and what types of apps might legitimately need them. This should help you get a basic understanding of what to allow and when to skip an app. Please feel free to ask about a permission or let me know if I have missed any.
Check the developer's website
Make sure the developer has a website and not just some Wordpress blog. This is often again a good indication of quality as well as safety. If the developer cares about their app they will likely have a relatively nice looking website or, if they are open source, a site on Google Code. Note: sites on Google code are NOT verified or approved by Google. However, open source is usually (but not always) more likely to indicate a safe application.
NOTE: This is not definitive indicator if a developer is good or bad, just one more peice of information you can use. Their are a lot of exceptions to this particular rule, as a lot of Good devs might not have anything more than a Blogger blog, and a lot of bad devs could just point to a nice looking site they have no affiliation with. However, the developer's website can be helpful just as an extra peice of information you can use in making your decision about the developer or app.
Updating applications is the same as installing them fresh
Each time you update an application on your phone, you should use the same diligence as if you were installing it for the first time. Reread the permissions to see that it is only asking for what it needs and no more. Reread the comments to see if anything has changed in the opinions of the users and to see if it still works for your phone. If you see that an application says Update (manual) next to it, that means the developer has CHANGED the permissions they are requesting from the version you have on your phone. This is not necessarily a bad thing -- but it should indicate that you should pay a bit closer attention to the permissions and re-evaluate them as needed.
If you are still unsure, ask around -- the community is your anti-virus
If you see an app you want, but it seems to be asking for more permissions that it should, or it's comments and ratings are mediocre, go ahead and ask about the app in these (and other) forums. You will often find dozens if not more people who know the answers and another whole bunch wishing to know the answers to the same questions you have.
I can't stress this point enough. This is the best part about Android. The community are usually the first to identify any Malware or dangerous programs, and are the best resource for finding quality apps.
Beware the Sockpuppets, Shills, and Spammers
However, like anything, don't believe everything you read. Someone who comes into a forum telling you an app is the "best" may be what's referred to as a sockpuppet or shill. I tend to be wary of people with low post counts, or who have unreasonably high praise for what seems a simple app, or anyone using the word "best" in a forced context.
Now these people are not all bad, some may just be excited, or not speak english as their first language. But it's common for sockpuppets to use the term "best" to try and get better search rankings on Google. Saying things like "Best Android App" "Best GPS." Other tell-tale signs include when they mention software for iPhone or other platforms without actually answering questions. Or just generally seem like their post is out of context or overly general (think about how horoscopes are made for everyone to relate to them). I often get spam on my blog that says things like "best blog post! love your writing style, you put things in perspective for me" which makes no sense when my blog was about my new app.
This is a fine line a very much a grey area though. Sometimes it can be very hard to tell if someone is a spammer. If you see a post or comment in the market you suspect is spam on a forum, report it to the mods, don't reply and start an argument.
Posting your own comments
After you have downloaded an app you can post you own comments. The comment will be visible to all other android users but it will only show your first name. To do this go into the Market and press [menu] > [downloads]. You should see five empty stars at the top which you can tap to rate the app. Once you have rated the app you should see an option to add a comment under the stars.
Being a good user
While this guide is about security, I think it's important to point out how to be a good user too. Android is a community and stems from open source and will only ever be as good as both it's developers and it's users.
So, if an app is crashing on you, try emailing the developer before uninstalling and posting an angry comment. Anything you post in the market will stay even if you have uninstalled the app, and you could do serious harm to a developer's reputation if you post very negative comments.
If you think the developer just made a mistake, or didnt support your phone, work with them. If they are unhelpful, then you can consider giving them a bad rating. This is especially true for free apps in the market. Remember that you, as a user are not "entitled" to perfect free apps. Most developers do not have Google's enginnering and QA team backing them up and even Google makes mistakes.
And while it's frustrating when things don't work, imagine how frustrating it is when you put long hours into something but make a mistake -- and then because of that mistake you can never fix the damage done by a rude commenter.
What does Google do to protect us?
Unfortunately at the moment, not a lot. They do police the market to a small extent and investigate any reports of malware. They several instances of Malware and actually remotely uninstalled the applications from users phones.
However, the Market is not like the Apple App Store or Amazon Appstore, there is no screening of applications before they are posted to the market. There are no draconian procedures or lengthy approval processes that developers have to go through to post applications. All that a developer needs to do is to 'digitally self sign' his or her application before posting it. This helps Google track any developers with ill intent, but it's just a way to manage malware after it is discovered.
What about Wi-Fi?
One of the things to remember when trying to keep yourself safe is to be very careful with public Wi-Fi. Whenever you connect to the internet through a public Wi-Fi you should never use any website that requires a password to sign into. The danger here is because you have no idea who is connecting you to the website your are trying to connect to. A good analogy would be like trying to mail a letter to your friend by giving it to a stranger in the street.
[guide continues below]
Permissions
When you install an application the Market will tell you all of the permissions it needs to function. These are important to read as it can give you an idea if the application is asking for permission to do more than it needs. While some legitimate apps often ask for more permission than they need, it should at least raise an eyebrow when deciding if an application is safe and of good quality.
NOTE: there are also some backwards compatibility decisions Google has made that will grant apps targeting 1.5 or earlier two permissions you may never see requested. It is my belief this is a security hole, but not a large one. The permissions are Read Phone State and Identity and Write/Delete files from the SD. I will elaborate on those below.
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Services that cost you money
make phone calls
This permission is of moderate to high importance. This could let an application call a 1-900 number and charge you money. However this is not a common to cheat people in today's world. Legitimate applications that use this include: Google voice and Google Maps
Services that cost you money
send SMS or MMS
This permission is of moderate to high importance. This could let an application send an SMS on your behalf, and much like the phone call feature above, it could cost you money. Certain SMS numbers work much like 1-900 numbers and automatically charge your phone company money when you send them an SMS.
Storage
modify/delete SD card contents
This permission is of high importance. This will allow the applications to read, write, and delete anything stored on your phone's SD card. This includes, pictures, videos, mp3s, and even data written to your SD card by other applications. However there are many legitimate uses for this permission. Many people want their applications to store data on the SD card, and any application that stores information on the SD card will need this permission. You will have to use your own judgment and be cautious with this permission knowing it is very powerful but very very commonly used by legitimate applications. Applications that typically need this permission include (but are not limited to): camera applications, video applications, note taking apps, backup applications.
WARNING: Any app targeting Android 1.5 or below (possibly 1.6 as well) will be granted this permission BY DEFAULT. And you may not ever be warned about it. It is important to pay attention to what version of Android an app is targeting to know if this permission is being granted. You can see this on the Market website in the right hand column.
Your personal information
read contact data, write contact data
This permission is of high importance. Unless an app explicitly states a specific feature that it would use your contact list for, there isn't much of a reason to give an application this permission. The one exception to that rule includes typing or note taking applications and/or quick-dial type applications. Those might require your contact information to help make suggestions to you as you type. Typical application that require this permission include: social networking apps, typing/note taking apps, SMS replacement apps, contact management apps.
Your personal information
read calendar data, write calendar data
This permission is of moderate to high importance. While most people would consider their calendar information slightly less important than their list of contacts and friends, this permission should still be treated with care when allowing applications access.
Phone calls
read phone state and identity
This permission is of moderate to high importance. Unfortunately this permission seems to be a bit of a mixed bag. While it's perfectly normal for an application to want to know if you are on the phone or getting a call, this permission also gives an application access to 2 unique numbers that can identify your phone. The numbers are the IMEI, and IMSI. Many software developers legitamately use these numbers as a means of tracking piracy though.
WARNING: Any app targeting Android 1.5 or below (possibly 1.6 as well) will be granted this permission BY DEFAULT. And you may not ever be warned about it. It is important to pay attention to what version of Android an app is targeting to know if this permission is being granted. You can see this on the Market website in the right hand column.
Your location
fine (GPS) location
While not a danger for stealing any of your personal information, this will allow an application to track where you are. Typical applications that might need this include (but are not limited to) restaurant directories, movie theater finders, and mapping applications. This can sometimes be used for location based services and advertising.
Your location
coarse (network-based) location
This setting is almost identical to the above GPS location permission, except that it is less precise when tracking your location. This can sometimes be used for location based services and advertising.
Network Communication
create Bluetooth connection
Bluetooth (Wikipedia: Bluetooth - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia) is a technology that lets your phone communicate wirelessly over short distances. It is similar to Wi-fi in many ways. It itself is not a danger to your phone, but it does enable a way for an application to send and receive data from other devices. Typical applications that would need bluetooth access include: Sharing applications, file transfer apps, apps that connect to headset out wireless speakers.
Network Communication
full internet access
This is probably the most important permission you will want to pay attention to. Many apps will request this but not all need it. For any malware to truly be effective it needs a means by which to transfer data off of your phone, this is one of the setting it would definitely have to ask for.
However, in this day and age of cloud computing and always-on internet connectivity, many, many legitimate applications also request this.
You will have to be very careful with this setting and use your judgment. It should always pique your interest to think about whether your application needs this permission. Typical applications that would use this include but are not limited to: web browsers, social networking applications, internet radio, cloud computing applications, weather widgets, and many, many more. This permission can also be used to serve Advertising, and to validate that you app is licensed. (See DRM for more info).
Network communication
view network state, view Wi-Fi state
This permission is of low importance as it will only allow an application to tell if you are connected to the internet via 3G or Wi-Fi.
System tools
Prevent phone from sleeping
This is almost always harmless. An application sometimes expects the user to not interact with the phone directly sometimes, and as such would need to keep the phone from going to sleep so that the user can still use the application. Many applications will often request this permission. Typical applications that use this are: Video players, e-readers, alarm clock 'dock' views and many more.
System tools
Modify global system settings
This permission is pretty important but only has the possibility of moderate impact. Global settings are pretty much anything you would find under Android's main 'settings' window. However there are a lot of these setting that are perfectly reasonable for an application to want to change. Typical applications that would use this include: Volume control widget, notifications, widgets, settings widgets.
System tools
read sync settings
This permission is of low impact. It merely allows the application to know if you have background data sync (such as for Facebook or Gmail) turned on or off.
System tools
Write Access Point name settings
I need a bit of clarification on this setting myself. I believe this relates to turning on and off wifi and your 3G data network. (if someone can comment and clarify I would greatly appreciate it and update this guide to reflect). Essentially however I believe this to be similar to the 'modify global settings' permission above.
System tools
automatically start at boot
This permission is of low to moderate impact. It will allow an application to tell Android to run the application every time you start your phone. While not a danger in an of itself, it can point to an applications intent.
System tools
restart other applications
This permission is of low to moderate impact. It will allow an application to tell Android to 'kill' the process of another application. However that application should have the option of immediately restarting itself.
System tools
retrieve running applications
This permission is of moderate impact. It will allow an application to find out what other applications are running on your phone. While not a danger in an of itself, it would be a useful tool for someone trying to steal your data. Typical legitimate applications that require this permission include: task killers and battery history widgets.
System tools
set preferred applications
This permission is of moderate impact. It will allow an application to set the default application for any task in Android. For instance clicking on a hyperlink in your email will bring up a browser. However if you have more than one browser on your phone, you may want to have one set as your 'preferred' browser. Typical legitimate applications that require this permission include any applications that replace, compliment, or augment default Android functionality. Examples of this include web browsers, enhanced keyboards, email applications, Facebook applications and many more.
Hardware controls
control vibrator
This permission is of low importance (but could be lots of fun). As it states, it lets an app control the vibrate function on your phone. This includes for incoming calls and other events.
Hardware controls
take pictures
This permission is of low importance. As it states, it lets an app control the camera function on your phone.
Your accounts discover known accounts
This permission is of moderate importance. This allows the application to read what accounts you have and the usernames associated with them. It allows the app to interact with permission related to that account. An example would be an app that was restoring your contact, would discover your google account then sned you to Google's login screen. It doesnt actually get to see your password, but it gets to work with the account.
Development Tools read logs
This permission is of very high importance. This allows the application to read what any other applications have written as debugging/logging code. This can reveal some very sensistive information. There are almost no reasons an applications needs this permission. The only apps I might grant this permission to would be Google apps.
What Does it All Mean? This Sounds so Scary!
It might sound that way but it is not, by any means, scary. The power of the market is actually due to the fact that developers are free to post updates and applications much more quickly and easily. But despite the security risks that this model creates, there is an incredibly powerful deterrent to malware in the community itself. Lots of people on these boards and in the market eagerly try out new apps and report back the safety and quality.
Again, the community is your best anti-virus app.
last updated: March 23, 2011
This guide by Lost Packet Software is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.
Good post.
Yes, well written and informative. As a developer, it's good to get this information into user's hands who may not know how permissions work. And the author makes some good points on how to be safe without massive fear of EVER downloading an app
Thanks to OP for a nice article. Do you mind if I copy it and post it on my website? You can send me a PM. Of course, I will cite you as the original source
Thanks much guys,
@Rootstonian
Yes you can copy it, but copy the one from my site http://alostpacket.com/2010/02/20/how-to-be-safe-find-trusted-apps-avoid-viruses/ as it has a few less typos.
It is licensed under the creative commons license (no derivative works, must attribute to me). This means you are free to copy/republish but you have to copy the whole thing and not change it.
Well written and informative! Thanks.
Ok, thanks. I'll either copy it in its entirety or just use the link you provided if that's ok.
Regardless, you work will be properly cited
Again, well done.
thanks much guys.
Also curious if anyone has found any errors or inaccuracies or misrepresentations etc.
Brilliant post.
So I'm new into the whole smartphone business.
One thing I've noticed is that you need to get lots of apps if you want any kind of good functionality of your mobile. I mean, I can't even record sound without an app, or record a phone conversation (even tho my 8 year old flip phone that that functionality innate)
In the Apps - All, there is even a innate app called "Sound Recorder" yet you cannot use it, and you have to download an app to record sound.
Anyway, now it comes to my concern. Almost all apps require some pretty ridiculous permissions such as:
read phone status, test access to protected storage or modify or delete contents of USB storage. And I'm talking about apps such as a game let's say.
I downloaded an app that shuts off music (I like to fall asleep to music) called Music Timer. It's permission is to "dirrectly call phone numbers"! Really? make phone calls? It even has approximate location.
Is it just something I must live with, sell every and any information I put on my phone to use most of the apps out there?
I even setup a corporate email (my school). Their app requires to: erase data, set password rules, etc. Erase data? ugh.
Maybe I'm missing something, since I'm all new to this smartphone business and never dealt with it.
Messerschmitt262 said:
So I'm new into the whole smartphone business.
One thing I've noticed is that you need to get lots of apps if you want any kind of good functionality of your mobile. I mean, I can't even record sound without an app, or record a phone conversation (even tho my 8 year old flip phone that that functionality innate)
In the Apps - All, there is even a innate app called "Sound Recorder" yet you cannot use it, and you have to download an app to record sound.
Anyway, now it comes to my concern. Almost all apps require some pretty ridiculous permissions such as:
read phone status, test access to protected storage or modify or delete contents of USB storage. And I'm talking about apps such as a game let's say.
I downloaded an app that shuts off music (I like to fall asleep to music) called Music Timer. It's permission is to "dirrectly call phone numbers"! Really? make phone calls? It even has approximate location.
Is it just something I must live with, sell every and any information I put on my phone to use most of the apps out there?
I even setup a corporate email (my school). Their app requires to: erase data, set password rules, etc. Erase data? ugh.
Maybe I'm missing something, since I'm all new to this smartphone business and never dealt with it.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
1) its a nexus device so its bloat free. Not everyone wants to record things so why force it onto everyone ? If you need said function you have the choice of adding said function
2) the sound recorder apk is used when you want to record an audio to an MMS.
3) not all apps require absurd permissions though I would agree that many do go to far in asking for permissions, BUT you always have the choice of not installing them.
Though some of the app permission names are written not as clear so it appears to be overreaching. Let's take a game. It asks to modify and delete USB storage. Normal as when you save a game its needs to be able to write to the phone. The other two you mentioned on not to educated on so I won't comment on yet
4) I looked into the music timer app you mentioned and I do agree that call phone number permission should not be their but again if you don't like it don't install it and try something else
5) your school email I don't see what the deal is? Permission to delete data, what do you think happens when you delete an email? It needs permission to delete it. Password rules is their to enforce your emails/schools password rules when using exchange
Sent from my Nexus 4 using xda app-developers app
The email permissions can be due to it being a corporate mail server, so in order to prevent confidential information from being stolen, the admin can do things like remotely wipe the phone or disable the camera.
Sent from my Nexus 4 using xda app-developers app
So basically if I don't like 1 permission out of several for a specific app, then my only option is to not use the app at all and find an alternative, or if there is no alternative, live without it?
Messerschmitt262 said:
So I'm new into the whole smartphone business.
One thing I've noticed is that you need to get lots of apps if you want any kind of good functionality of your mobile. I mean, I can't even record sound without an app, or record a phone conversation (even tho my 8 year old flip phone that that functionality innate)
In the Apps - All, there is even a innate app called "Sound Recorder" yet you cannot use it, and you have to download an app to record sound.
Anyway, now it comes to my concern. Almost all apps require some pretty ridiculous permissions such as:
read phone status, test access to protected storage or modify or delete contents of USB storage. And I'm talking about apps such as a game let's say.
I downloaded an app that shuts off music (I like to fall asleep to music) called Music Timer. It's permission is to "dirrectly call phone numbers"! Really? make phone calls? It even has approximate location.
Is it just something I must live with, sell every and any information I put on my phone to use most of the apps out there?
I even setup a corporate email (my school). Their app requires to: erase data, set password rules, etc. Erase data? ugh.
Maybe I'm missing something, since I'm all new to this smartphone business and never dealt with it.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yeah, the permissions suck. Luckily the Android ecosystem has developed where there's enough competition that you can usually find what you want from a dev who doesn't want to hijack your phone. There are a lot of small guys out there, but they make some of the best apps. Low on permissions, holo-themed, great support. I usually find good devs on XDA with cool projects and donate as soon as I check out and like there app (GYT is the most recent example).
HOWEVER, if you are on an deodexed ROM (so, not stock), this works great: PDroid. Free, clean, doesn't crash apps (like Permissions Denied).
I'm hoping someone can point me in the right direction after spending a day reading about mobile phone security. I'm still confused as to what an app can do and how I can limit access. Some answers or a point in the right direction for more information would be helpful.
Apps that are granted permission "Modify/Delete SD Card" can pretty much read/write anything on my device? Could an app go through my sd card and see files, for example, music, movies, other data from different apps; file names/content? I have about 35 apps running on my phone with this access. I'd rather not leave it to "how much I trust the developer" and have some means to limit access to data.
I don't keep national security secrets on my nexus but there is work and personal information that is sensitive and I wouldn't want shared. It looks like if I use android to encrypt my data it only encrypts the /data folder and there doesn't seem to be much in there.
What about securing contact and calendar data? Is this possible? Not as critical as guarding my file data, but still important to me. Thanks.
Yes, files on the external sdcard are not protected, I.e. all apps which have the right to read/write sdcard can read/write everything there. One reason is just the filesystem type: on FAT you don't have access rights. On internal /sdcard it's a bit different, because it's using ext4 as a filesystem, so principally not all apps can read everything, but also here you have the problem that for example the camera, the gallery app, ... need access to the same files and directories. So at the moment you need to trust the apps in a certain way or not to install it at all.
Sent from my Nexus 7 using xda app-developers app
While it is difficult for someone with limited tech experience, it is plausible to protect your data with measures like XPrivacy or PDroid.
However, if you're looking for an answer without jumping through a few technical hoops, there aren't many good ones unfortunately. The best bet is as you already suggested, that is to be smart about where you browse the net, and only install trusted apps. Always think twice and review permissions carefully for any app even if it's from the Play Store.
And don't forget encryption only works similar to a house door. It's only good if you keep it locked. But if you let the bad guys into your house (i.e., installing a naughty app), it doesn't protect you much. It only keeps them out so long as you don't let them in (physical access). P.S. I'm assuming you're talking about the stock android encryption not actually having individual encrypted files on your device if not then ignore this paragraph (although I'm sure some will disagree that even having SHA-512 AES encrypted files with a extremely complex and long passwords is still not enough to protect data once a malicious user gets their hands on that file.)
Even on the internal SD card, it looks like once I give an app access to "modify/delete" the entire sd card is exposed; did I understand that correctly? It looks like grant access to everything or nothing.
After reading this:
http://appanalysis.org/
It seems that even trusted developers can't be trusted. I don't consider myself a novice user but I'm really surprised at how exposed the data is on phones and tablets. Its like leaving money on your front porch and hoping it isn't too tempting for someone to walk though a broken gate and grab.
Any idea what WP, iOS or BB10 offer in the way of data protection?
TheAltruistic said:
While it is difficult for someone with limited tech experience, it is plausible to protect your data with measures like XPrivacy or PDroid.
However, if you're looking for an answer without jumping through a few technical hoops, there aren't many good ones unfortunately. /QUOTE]
XPrivacy looks good, might be worth rooting for that app.
I'm not as concerned with an app downloading files and using a high level attack on my data. I am concerned about an app where the developer decides to go through my contacts, photos, and files which are unlocked and easily viewed. Then sell the data to whomever that can do whatever. No effort required, no ability to know the data was even accessed and no ability to lock the data. I think like most things, if there is more than a slight effort needed to access the data, they'll move on to something else.
I see Google offers encryption but I can't find information on exactly what is encrypted and if I install an app with say permission to contacts does that give them encrypted access to all contacts? For example, a program that can add a contact via sms I don't want to allow it to read all my contacts, just add a new one.
Maybe Android isn't the right platform for me.
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mgerbasio said:
TheAltruistic said:
While it is difficult for someone with limited tech experience, it is plausible to protect your data with measures like XPrivacy or PDroid.
However, if you're looking for an answer without jumping through a few technical hoops, there aren't many good ones unfortunately. /QUOTE]
XPrivacy looks good, might be worth rooting for that app.
I'm not as concerned with an app downloading files and using a high level attack on my data. I am concerned about an app where the developer decides to go through my contacts, photos, and files which are unlocked and easily viewed. Then sell the data to whomever that can do whatever. No effort required, no ability to know the data was even accessed and no ability to lock the data. I think like most things, if there is more than a slight effort needed to access the data, they'll move on to something else.
I see Google offers encryption but I can't find information on exactly what is encrypted and if I install an app with say permission to contacts does that give them encrypted access to all contacts? For example, a program that can add a contact via sms I don't want to allow it to read all my contacts, just add a new one.
Maybe Android isn't the right platform for me.
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Click to collapse
Heh don't give up. To be honest at least android tells you when it grants a program certain permissions unlike some other OSes where you're in the dark in terms of security.
As far as I know, and I'm assuming we're talking about the same thing, the type of encryption Android offers only prevents people from gaining unauthorized access to your data if your device is mounted or accessed when your lock screen is up. (I'm sure someone will correct me if I'm wrong--please do). But if your device is not password protected (e.g., you set lock password to lock every hour and they get it when it's unlocked) then your data can potentially be compromised.
This encryption does not, however, protect your data as you're browsing the internet, or running apps like facebook.
If you're looking for something to protect your data from say facebook finding your GPS location without your permission, or accessing your contacts and doing God knows what with it, then XPrivacy and PDroid (links above) is your answer, and I'd say that's awesome.
I may not play around with an iPhone / iOS enough, but I'm confident enough to say that they don't offer the same privacy protection even from Cydia that you can get from communities like here on XDA. Perhaps for iOS users, ignorance is bliss?
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TheAltruistic said:
mgerbasio said:
Heh don't give up. To be honest at least android tells you when it grants a program certain permissions unlike some other OSes where you're in the dark in terms of security.
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Click to collapse
Thanks again. I appreciate the comments.
All I'm really looking to do is prevent an app downloading all my contacts, photos, movies, files, etc. I have some work data on my tablet that isn't confidential but it is what I would call sensitive. Actually, I rarely use external memory, mostly just use in internal sd card.
It seems all the "good apps" grab more permissions than they need or, the permission they do need to operate gives them way more access than I'd like. I'm not so concerned that I'd start using Tor or duckduckgo, but just trusting a developer with an open door to data is more than I can to leave to chance.
From what I've been reading the sandboxing in iOS and WP provide good security and in BB you can remove permissions from apps; BB10 is still the most secure if you can believe the internet articles. I'd like to see Google make it more clear as to what encryption actually allows and prevents.
There seems to be apps that button up a lot of holes, like photos, but there still are gaping holes.
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Hi guys,
Any progress? I use PDroid on my smartphone and find it unnerving to see how much and how often data is accessed not only by third party apps but by Google itself. With PDroid you can restrict permissions without bricking the app because it can provide fake data rather than none. I have to say that I am not entirely happy with it though. I hope that Firefox OS will have success in stopping the appification of our devices. Data wise, it is much safer to use web-based services than app-based services.
I think Google's Android is so successful with developers (also) because they can gather so much data. Our smartphones are unfortunately "data gold mines" for the ICT industry.
If you have any progress in improving privacy, safety and security of the Nexus 7 than I'd be happy to read about it.
Hello Good People of XDA
I have been a i9506 owner for quite long, had a 9100 before,
I am used to root and mess with apps to customize things to my wim,
at the best of my knowledge (I lack android programming skills, but I can do things with terminal and filesystems).
All that before to say I am not totally a noob, but my lack of technical knowledge might bite me there.
System wise, I am under 4.2.2, rooted, unknow sources are not allowed, system check for apps is allowed,
I have an antivirus (more than one, but only one works each day, just to be sure I don't miss things)...
My problem is that I recently found out that some apps, actually system apps, blocked
with Titanium backup, or with gemini app manager, or app quarantine,
were actually running anyway.
They are marked as blocked in my app manager, but can still be force closed,
and they appear in battery displays (most of these under the android system block, in the list of services/apps used),
and in process running when using Ccleaner apps.
Also, my battery display show GPS is activated, while when I go into options, all boxes are off or unticked.
I thus wonder what's happening?
How is it possible to have these schrödinger apps tamed and blocked like I want them.
I want these to shut down and only work when I DO ALLOW these, for them not to suck my battery or do unauthorized chores like tracking me when I don't want.
How is it possible that they even behave like that? In i9100, I never observed that in Android 4.0.
I wonder if Google didn't change the workings for making us unable to disactivate what we don't want to work, which was pissing them off.
They already change the permissions displays in the market so permissions as intrusive as "contacts/sms message/USB stockage" are considered "not relevant/important",
while they are depending on the announced display of the app.
But I don't want to go on the "conspiracy route" (I am not like that, I am a pragmatist and I just observe facts, like these apps, with sensitive access, not being able to be deactivated), so let's focus on the technical part:
such apps were Maps, Samsung sync adapters, NFC service , Google Agenda/Contact synchronisation, sysscope, context provider, etc.
That's a lots of things that are supposed to communicate to cloud or other devices, with feels lot like a gaping flaw in the armor...
I want a phone and a tool, not something that track me or put me at risk of being stolen by somebody with technical knowledge.
Am I alone?
Thanks for any insights.
Blocked apps still working
I don't know if my title was too unclear, so I would like to change the title but am unable to do so?
Is it please possible for a moderator to do it (with the title of this post)?
Thanks by advance.
I feel like it is a true problem not being able to block some apps,
or even more, to believe they are blocked while they perfectly perform in the background,
and display activity only in secondary reports, not under their respective "buttons"/information tabs.
I wonder abourt the technical reason to such behavior.
Then delete those apps or block some of the permissions with an app (eg Privacyguard).
It's my opinion that an antivirus app (at the moment) is a waste of resources. Just think before you install something. Also if you are worried about security, you should always run the latest version of Android. 4.2.2 is an old version.
Lennyz1988 said:
Then delete those apps or block some of the permissions with an app (eg Privacyguard).
It's my opinion that an antivirus app (at the moment) is a waste of resources. Just think before you install something. Also if you are worried about security, you should always run the latest version of Android. 4.2.2 is an old version.
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Click to collapse
Thanks for your answer.
Well I don't want to delete system app when they might be useful at time.
I just want them to behave correctly, that is, not work when they are blocked.
That is not a solution to say "uninstall this", while the true problem is Android general behavior here.
I didn't installed system apps, they came with the thing, and all of them are not bloatware.
"NFC service" is something I want to keep for when I am ready to use it,
but I don't want to let it free and unleashed because of the opening it leaves on my phone.
Same goes for bluetooth, synced backups and so on.
I don't want backups on the cloud, so I deactivated the options, and blocked the apps.
Why are they running? It is not normal!
And my old version is maybe not secure, but actually trying 4.3 hasn't changed anything,
and I only suspect this to be some "new feature".
The antivirus is a waste for scans, I agree, still it has useful firewall features that justifies in itself its uses.
Ok after scouring the usual places finally XDA forums had the solution to clear the clip tray's contents which I will provide here for my fellow V20 users. This is the most direct way without something else capturing info while you do it.
1. Shut off phone
2. Restart, login, patiently wait for stabilation
3. Pull up messaging app (built in text)
4. Long press in a text entry field
5. Select Clip Tray
6. Click Garbage Can
7. Either click select all or pick your choices
8. Confirm deletion
Ok great you AND I can now do this. How do you stop the app. Clearly it can be done, but only rooted devices. Why would you want to? No, it's not hardcore paranoia... It's an issue if you use LassPass or other vault and an app prevents overlay. The only way to get a generated password from it to the target app is by pasting it and this Clip Tray retains. This forces cleaning it out each and every password change (in theory) and repeating the above steps.
This um concerns me. Yes I love the ability to recut and repaste like the next human, but password retention isn't one of my common repeat pastes. So the obvious solution is use another app? Right? But you can't kill this without rooting... Um... Nobody else find this a problem or is this just me?!? Sorry if sarcasm is not appreciated. I will edit if offensive, let me know. I have seen other posts on XDA and I guess the negativity rubbed off.
I haven't tested yet with the LGV20, but LastPass cleared it on the LGV10 when I used it... sounds like it might be easier to get LastPass to look into this than LG