Related
TGA_Gunnman created a one click root that new users will want to use, said thread is a sticky in Captivate Development. If you still want to use the old method (and install ADB) please use this one.
I followed my own guide! This works perfectly if you read everything and follow the instructions.
Also: once you are rooted, be EXTREMELY careful! Half of the new threads are people who have screwed up their phones by deleting this or corrupting that. Please, for the sanity of all of the devs and Android veterans, make backups and just be all around careful. Almost all problems that anyone has had are repareable AND PREVENTABLE with a little reading and care. Just to clarify, rooting does not automatically enable sideloading. Please follow http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=738376 to enable sideloading.
Follow these steps exactly and there will be no risk of bricking your Captivate, the worst that may happen is the phone rejecting the update.zip.
HOWEVER:
I take no responsibility if ANYTHING at all happens to your device that you don't like. Don't come crying to me if your brand new phone breaks in any way. Your warranty is also void, but you could have figured that out for yourself.
Now that that's over with, lets get to the fun bit. If you are on Windows, you can follow this procedure, or for TGA_Gunnman's one click root program (only on Windows), you can go ahead and skip to the bottom.
1) You may need Samsung drivers if you are on a PC, which you can learn about here: ADB Drivers at the Unlockr
For 64 bit Windows, you'll need these drivers: http://zedomax.com/blog/2010/07/14/s...iver-download/
Don't proceed until your phone is fully installed on Windows with the drivers!
2) Download the attached zip (at the bottom of the post) and rename it to update or update.zip if you are on a Mac. (If you are on a Mac, DO NOT USE SAFARI to download the file, it automatically unzips any zip file. Use Google Chrome or firefox instead.) Scroll down the notification bar and click "mount" to allow your computer to read the internal memory. Put the file on the INTERNAL SD card of the Captivate, which won't be tough to figure out if you don't have an SD card in the phone.
3) EDIT--There is an easier way to get to recovery, but do this step anyway. Turn the phone off, then hold power, volume up and volume down. If you still want the android SDK (which will be very useful throughout your rooted experiences) follow the old procedure:
This step requires the Android SDK, and Android Debugging enabled. You can get the SDK here: Android SDK. Just download the zip, extract it to something like C:\Android. You won't need the Java dev pack or anything.
You can enable Android Debugging like this: From the homescreen, press Menu, then click Settings. Navigate to Applications>Development and check USB Debugging. Now, hook the phone to the computer. Next,
On a PC, click start>run>"cmd" (in the text box) or on a Mac, spotlight "Terminal". Linux users, you know what to do.
The command you will use is in the tools folder of wherever you extracted it to (IE: C:\android\tools), so be sure your working directory of command prompt is in that tools location!
Finally, type:
Code:
adb reboot recovery
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
4) Once the phone is booted into recovery, use the volume keys on the phone to scroll to "Reinstall packages." Use power to select what you have highlighted.
5) Give yourself a pat on the back. You are now rooted. You should see a Superuser application now.
MD5 Sum: 1eb65923281c113e8751a7d8a6faff43
Can we please have more detailed instructions? I don't understand the part where it says "type in the terminal"
I am very new to android as this will be my first Android phone.
Also, after rooting will we be able to install 3rd party applications? Or do we have to do anything else to bypass ATT's restrictions?
adb terminal is software you need to install on your PC , will probably need samsung drivers also , guide is indeed not noob friendly. This will help you get needed bits including ADB
Probably None of us have captivate , so writing a guide is a bit troublesome
Ditto, a guide to the adb terminal please! I will acquire this phone, this Sunday.
Actually, you'd have to install a custom ROM for that. MoDaCo should be coming out with them pretty soon, and so will XDA. It won't be too long. BTW, once you have ADB installed on your computer, you can sideload apps all you want. The command is
Code:
adb install /directory/of/app/on/computer
point me to some functioning samsung drivers and I can do this!
If you cant get it to work on windows, try a ubuntu live cd. All you need to do is go to ubuntu and burn a disc and reboot.
Are there no Windows 64 bit drivers?
Edit- I found some that work. I think. Haven't tried it (yet).
http://zedomax.com/blog/2010/07/14/...ic-4g-and-fascinate-galaxy-s-driver-download/
Edit 2- Just did the root. Seems to have worked (no errors) but how do I know if it did? How do I delete say, ATT Maps?
Thanks for this. I am new to smartphones and plan on purchasing the Samsung Galaxy-S, but don't want to mess it up. I am new to editing the OS of any smartphone, but I think if I have a tutorial I will be fine
For Mac and Linux you put a ./ in front of the adb correct? (./adb install...)
NOSintake said:
For Mac and Linux you put a ./ in front of the adb correct? (./adb install...)
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
if you are in the directory above yes. the ./ just saves you from writing out the full path
lets say adb is in "/home/user/Downloads/sdk/tools"
you could type out "/home/user/Downloads/sdk/tools/adb command" regardless of where your terminal window was focused
or if you were currently in the directory "/home/user/Downloads/sdk/tools"
you could use the shortcut "./adb command"
OP I'd change your post based on my experiences... Here's a little more detail and I've rearranged it (you need the drivers before running these commands, for example).
blackjackboy said:
Please let me know if this rooting method works as I have no Captivate to test on. I'm not taking any credit for any of these files, LeshaK made the original file to root the European Galaxy S, Justadude modified it for the T-Mobile Vibrant and chaoscentral edited the file for use on the Captivate.
Follow these steps exactly and there will be no risk of bricking your Captivate, the worst that may happen is the phone rejecting the update.zip.
HOWEVER:
I take no responsibility if ANYTHING at all happens to your device that you don't like. Don't come crying to me if your brand new phone breaks in any way.
Now that that's over with, lets get to the fun bit.
1) You may need Samsung drivers if you are on a PC, which you can learn about here: ADB Drivers at the Unlockr
For 64 bit Windows, you'll need these drivers: http://zedomax.com/blog/2010/07/14/...ic-4g-and-fascinate-galaxy-s-driver-download/
Don't proceed until your phone is fully installed on Windows with the drivers!
2) Download the attached zip (at the bottom of the post) and rename it to update or update.zip if you are on a Mac. Scroll down the notification bar and click "mount" to allow your computer to read the internal memory. Put the file on the INTERNAL SD card of the Captivate, which won't be tough to figure out if you don't have an SD card in the phone.
3) This step requires the Android SDK, and Android Debugging enabled. You can get the SDK here: Android SDK. Just download the zip, extract it to something like C:\Android. You won't need the Java dev pack or anything.
You can enable Android Debugging like this: From the homescreen, press Menu, then click Settings. Navigate to Applications>Development and check USB Debugging. Now, hook the phone to the computer. Next,
On a PC, click start>run>"cmd" (in the text box) or on a Mac, spotlight "Terminal". Linux users, you know what to do.
The command you will use is in the tools folder of wherever you extracted it to (IE: C:\android\tools), so be sure your working directory of command prompt is in that tools location!
Finally, type:
Code:
adb reboot recovery
4) Once the phone is booted into recovery, use the volume keys on the phone to scroll to "Reinstall packages." Use power to select what you have highlighted.
5) Give yourself a pat on the back. You are now rooted. You should see a Superuser application now.
Thank you to LeshaK, Justadude, and chaoscentral. Once again, I didn't discover how to root, that credit goes to LeshaK, bringing it over to the USA was Justadude's doing, and chaoscentral edited the file for use on our Captivates.
MD5 Sum: 1eb65923281c113e8751a7d8a6faff43
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ubuntu 10.04 - adb
Any step by step instructions just to get adb running enough on 10.04 to root and side load software? I'm getting command not found when I try to run adb, even after downloading packages.
Hi,
Did this thread worked well to Root the Captivate or anyother suggested link? I'll appreciate any help.
Thanks
rerooting captivate
This worked perfectly on my Captivate. I now have the SuperUser Permission on my application screen. Now I can REALLY screw up my Captivate!!!
Thanks for the answer & More Queston
cellgeek said:
This worked perfectly on my Captivate. I now have the SuperUser Permission on my application screen. Now I can REALLY screw up my Captivate!!!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hi,
Thanks for your helpful answer. As I'm getting my Cativate tomorrow, can you please just answer yes or no to each of my questions as follow ?
After Rooting will I be able to:
1- download any 3rd party Android application?
2- install any "Samsung Galaxy S" ROM on my Captivate?
3- Recieve any "OTA" update as a "Galaxy S" phone?
Thanks again
Muhamadabdelaall said:
Hi,
Thanks for your helpful answer. As I'm getting my Cativate tomorrow, can you please just answer yes or no to each of my questions as follow ?
After Rooting will I be able to:
1- download any 3rd party Android application?
2- install any "Samsung Galaxy S" ROM on my Captivate?
3- Recieve any "OTA" update as a "Galaxy S" phone?
Thanks again
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
1. No. You will have to use adb or the database modification method (which having root access makes possible). Both are described in detail elsewhere in this forum.
2. Rooting means simply getting superuser permissions. Loading a ROM has to do with the bootloader and recovery partition. Unmodded Galaxy S ROMs probably will not work on the Captivate, but be patient.
3. Not sure what you're asking. You will still get any Captivate OTA updates as if you hadn't rooted, but you won't get, for example, the rumored Korean FroYo Galaxy S update OTA when it drops. You'd have to wait for the Captivate OTA FroYo upgrade (or there may be a ROM or patch you can flash by then).
Rooting is basically just allowing programs to run as the superuser account. Many programs like Metamorph, some screenshot apps and some wifi tethering apps require more permission than Android normally gives an app.
Thanks Drachen
Drachen said:
1. No. You will have to use adb or the database modification method (which having root access makes possible). Both are described in detail elsewhere in this forum.
2. Rooting means simply getting superuser permissions. Loading a ROM has to do with the bootloader and recovery partition. Unmodded Galaxy S ROMs probably will not work on the Captivate, but be patient.
3. Not sure what you're asking. You will still get any Captivate OTA updates as if you hadn't rooted, but you won't get, for example, the rumored Korean FroYo Galaxy S update OTA when it drops. You'd have to wait for the Captivate OTA FroYo upgrade (or there may be a ROM or patch you can flash by then).
Rooting is basically just allowing programs to run as the superuser account. Many programs like Metamorph, some screenshot apps and some wifi tethering apps require more permission than Android normally gives an app.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks alot for taking all this time & energy to reply to me! WOW, it seems like everytime I wanna step up one, I go back 10 steps. All I need is to use my Captivate for installing a Stock Rom of "Galaxy S" & be able to get rid of any "AT&T" restrictions for anything on this phone, what should I do please?
Thanks
Muhamadabdelaall said:
Thanks alot for taking all this time & energy to reply to me! WOW, it seems like everytime I wanna step up one, I go back 10 steps. All I need is to use my Captivate for installing a Stock Rom of "Galaxy S" & be able to get rid of any "AT&T" restrictions for anything on this phone, what should I do please?
Thanks
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The ATT stuff doesn't actually run so they aren't a big deal at this point. I also don't see Amazon MP3 background stuff like some Android devices have, so... There's really not a huge case for rooting yet.
That said, when Custom ROMs for this come out I'll still be getting one.
For those of you having a hard time installing ADB Shell, try this video. It worked for me.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YeWH6Bj1DYw&feature=related
i was looking around on ebay and noticed this
http://cgi.ebay.com/HTC-EVO-ENABLE-...ell_Phones&hash=item2a09ba8398#ht_1734wt_1137
Most likely hev will sell you instructions which you can pr
op find online for free
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I897 using XDA App
Probably just android wifi tether, which is free in the first place. Or, is there a hacked version of the sprint app out there somewhere?
Hrshycro said:
Probably just android wifi tether, which is free in the first place. Or, is there a hacked version of the sprint app out there somewhere?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Doubt an ebayer has a hacked version of the Sprint app, but he does say that this doesn't void your warranty (unless he thinks that rooting doesn't void warranties.)
Doesn't work on Froyo. My money is on a hacked version of the Sprint app.
Tempting to spend the $5. If it involves root, you can get your money back since it is false advertising.
I sent him a piece of my opinion.
mattrb said:
I sent him a piece of my opinion.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
LOL what'd ya say?
Sent from my PC36100 using XDA App
hes probably sending out instructions on unrevoked and android tether, which you can get on youtube for free
I reported him for selling someone else's intellectual property, since I highly doubt he actually wrote that app, and if it doens't involve hacking the only instructions he could include are "put on SD card and run."
Well .. my opinion...not that it matters..
You will see stuff like this all the time. He isnt selling the software, only instructions on how to do it. I really don't see anything wrong with that. People buy instructions on how to do things all the time. There really isn't anything wrong with that. If someone is too lazy to reseach it and figure it out themselves, oh well. That's the great thing about America. Everyone has a hustle, nobody is forcing anyone to buy it. Maybe it is some college kid scraping to get along, maybe not. Either way, no harm no foul. You don't like it, don't buy it...
Now if he was selling the free software, thats a different ballgame.
I don't see how reporting him for selling someone elses stuff is cool... he's selling instructions. Whoopie.
Agreed. It's no different than someone accepting payment when someone asks for help on this forum and offers to pay someone via Paypal. I occasionally see threads like that around.
Sent from my PC36100 using XDA App
apristel said:
Well .. my opinion...not that it matters..
You will see stuff like this all the time. He isnt selling the software, only instructions on how to do it. I really don't see anything wrong with that. People buy instructions on how to do things all the time. There really isn't anything wrong with that. If someone is too lazy to reseach it and figure it out themselves, oh well. That's the great thing about America. Everyone has a hustle, nobody is forcing anyone to buy it. Maybe it is some college kid scraping to get along, maybe not. Either way, no harm no foul. You don't like it, don't buy it...
Now if he was selling the free software, thats a different ballgame.
I don't see how reporting him for selling someone elses stuff is cool... he's selling instructions. Whoopie.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
agreed. 100%
TheBiles said:
I reported him for selling someone else's intellectual property, since I highly doubt he actually wrote that app, and if it doens't involve hacking the only instructions he could include are "put on SD card and run."
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
that's pretty lame when you are only assuming. for all you know he knows a data code that unlocks it. before you go run and tell mommy why don't you put up the 5 bucks and see what he is ACTUALLY selling?
nicholaaaas said:
that's pretty lame when you are only assuming. for all you know he knows a data code that unlocks it. before you go run and tell mommy why don't you put up the 5 bucks and see what he is ACTUALLY selling?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
+1 for that!
I just purchased...will let you know what I get for my $5.00
since your throwing money out in the street,
i have a neat way to allow you to copy your legally purchased music direct to your SD card.
will not void your warranty and i can send the instructions immediately upon payment!
this works on 2.1 and 2.2. you can be rooted or stock.
for you ill sell it for $4.98 US dollars. PM me for paypal info..
marctronixx said:
since your throwing money out in the street,
i have a neat way to allow you to copy your legally purchased music direct to your SD card.
will not void your warranty and i can send the instructions immediately upon payment!
this works on 2.1 and 2.2. you can be rooted or stock.
for you ill sell it for $4.98 US dollars. PM me for paypal info..
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
$4.98 seems a little steep...I will give ya $2.36
On a more serious note, I am just too curious to find out what he is selling and I think others are also. If I have to pay $5.00 to find out what he is selling, so be it. I spend more than that a day giving to homeless people on the street.
Instructions sent to me:
Video here :
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uoSBZgqkKME&feature=player_embedded#!
FOR EVO OWNERS DO NOT DO ANY UPDATES JUST YET THIS WILL ONLY WORK WITH THE 1.47 SOFTWARE VERSION.
ALRIGHT HERE THEY ARE, I HAVE INCLUDED 3 DIFFERENT SETS OF INSTRUCTIONS. PLEASE READ ALL OF THEM TO GET A FEEL FOR WHAT YOUR DOING SOME GO INTO MORE DETAIL THAN OTHERS BUT THEY ALL GET YOU TO DO THE SAME THING. RIGHT BELOW IS HOW YOU GET THE WIFI TETHER APP WHICH IS SOMETHING THAT YOU WILL HAVE TO DO AS WELL. BUT JUST READ AND FOLLOW STEP BY STEP.
****RIGHT BELOW IS HOW YOU GET THE ACTUAL WIFI TETHER APP****
1. Now go back to you internet browser on your phone and pull up google.
2. Type in "android wifi tether" and click search.
3. The first option that comes up after the search called "android wifi tether - Project Hosting..."
4. Select the first option and let it take you to the web site.
5. Now the page will pull up and look for where it says "HTC Evo" under device and just to the right of that
you will see a link that says "download" click download.
6. Now click the link that says "wireless tether for root users 2.0.2.apk.
7. Click on "wireless tether for root users 2.0.2.apk" again.
8. Now click "wireless_tether_2_0_5-pre2.apk" and let it install.
******First set of Instructions******
(1) If you have the original unrevoked root installed, uninstall it by using "Menu," "Settings," "Applications," "Manage Applications" and scrolling to "Unrevoked" at the bottom. Tap it, click "Force Stop" at the bottom and then "Uninstall," "OK" to uninstall it. Then power off/on your phone just to be sure.
(2) If you haven't already installed the OTA 1.47 update, do it now: "Menu," "Settings," "System Updates," and "HTC software update" at the bottom, then click "Check Now" to get the 1.47 update. If you do this update, it takes up to 10 minutes so be patient and let the phone reboot (a few times) until it is done. Then once the update is done, power off/on one last time to get a clean start.
(3) Set your phone to "Charge Only:" "Menu," "Settings," "Connect to PC," tap "Default connection type" and select "Charge Only."
(4) Enable USB debugging: "Menu," "Settings," "Applications," "Development," and put a check in "USB debugging."
The process: DOWNLOAD THE REFLASH PACKAGE FROM http://unrevoked.com/recovery/ NO MATTER WHAT!
(1) Download the unrevoked3 install package: Go to unrevoked3 recovery reflash tool, v3.0 and click "Download for Windows." Save the "Reflash-bundle.exe" file somewhere that you can find it on your system.
(2) Using Explorer, run the "Reflash-bundle.exe" file you just downloaded. It'll ask where to install it. Don't just accept the default: change the install location to a folder you can remember: it's just going to unzip some files there: it isn't really a software installer.
(3) Once the files have unzipped, go to the folder you chose in the above step. You should find an "hboot driver.htm" file in that folder: double click on that to open the html instructions on how to install the drivers. Follow the instructions in the html file starting with downloading the actual driver files at the very top. When you download those driver files and unzip those, those are the files (the folder) you'll point to in subsequent steps in those instructions. When done with the html instructions, you should have drivers installed and shouldn't have to come back to this step.
(4) At this point, if you needed to install the drivers, you are probably still sitting at a boot menu on your phone. UNPLUG the phone from USB and select "Fastboot" and then "Reboot" to reboot the phone to restart it. Before the next step, your phone should be on and booted up in its normal operating state (not some boot menu).
(5) Now go to the folder where you unzipped the reflash bundle (step 2 above). Just double click the "Reflash.exe" file.
(6) You should get a window with "Unrevoked 3" on it (on the computer of course). Just follow the instructions in smaller font below "Unrevoked 3" to finish rooting. Note that when it says "Waiting for device," it wants you to plug your EVO into the computer via the USB cable. Note that it wants the EVO to be fully booted normally (not in the Hboot or recovery menus). The prompts at this point are very specific so no need to repeat them. If all works as it is supposed to, the only thing you really have to do is scroll to an item on the phone and select it when instructed. The rest is automated and should result in a "Done" message. The whole thing at this point took maybe one minute so it isn't something you have to wait for or stare at for a long time.
*****Second set of Instructions*****
All the instructions I've found for using unrevoked3 to root an Evo on a Windows PC seem to be piecemeal (all over the place and incomplete), so I thought I'd give a rundown of what worked for me. Some of these steps may be unnecessary but doing all of them should result in a "safe" root. This is written for those with little to no knowledge of rooting but with basic Windows/PC skills and knowledge of how to navigate the Evo interface:
Prep
Before beginning the process, I would recommend doing the following to your phone:
(1) If you have the original unrevoked root installed, uninstall it by using "Menu", "Settings", "Applications", "Manage Applications" and scrolling to "Unrevoked" at the bottom. Tap it, click "Force Stop" at the bottom and then "Uninstall", "OK" to uninstall it. Then power off/on your phone just to be sure.
(2) If you haven't already installed the OTA 1.47 update, do it now: "Menu", "Settings", "System Updates", and "HTC software update" at the bottom, then click "Check Now" to get the 1.47 update. If you do this update, it takes up to 10 minutes so be patient and let the phone reboot (a few times) until it is done. Then once the update is done, power off/on one last time to get a clean start.
(3) Set your phone to "Charge Only": "Menu", "Settings", "Connect to PC", tap "Default connection type" and select "Charge Only".
(4) Enable USB debugging: "Menu", "Settings", "Applications", "Development", and put a check in "USB debugging".
The root process
(1) Go to Control Panel on your system and uninstall any "HTC" software such as "HTC Sync".
(2) Download the unrevoked3 install package: Go to
unrevoked3 recovery reflash tool, v3.0 and click "Download for Windows". Save the "Reflash-bundle.exe" file somewhere that you can find it on your system.
(3) Using Explorer, run the "Reflash-bundle.exe" file you just downloaded. It'll ask where to install it. Don't just accept the default: change the install location to a folder you can remember: it's just going to unzip some files there: it isn't really a software installer.
(4) Once the files have unzipped, go to the folder you chose in the above step. You should find an "hboot driver.htm" file in that folder: double click on that to open the html instructions on how to install the drivers. Follow the instructions in the html file starting with downloading the actual driver files at the very top. When you download those driver files and unzip those, those are the files (the folder) you'll point to in subsequent steps in those instructions. When done with the html instructions, you should have drivers installed and shouldn't have to come back to this step.
(5) At this point, if you needed to install the drivers, you are probably still sitting at a boot menu on your phone. UNPLUG the phone from USB and select "Fastboot" and then "Reboot" to reboot the phone to restart it. Before the next step, your phone should be on and booted up in its normal operating state (not some boot menu).
(6) If you are running anti-virus software, turn it OFF or disable it now.
(7) Now go to the folder where you unzipped the reflash bundle (step 3 above). In XP or older systems, just double click the "Reflash.exe" file. On Vista and Win7 systems, I'd recommend right clicking on "Reflash.exe" and selecting "Run as Administrator". While this may not be necessary, I know that some USB drivers get really mad if you try to access the USB port without admin privileges (sorry, I'm a coder so I run into that stuff and warn you so you don't have to) so I did it as a precaution.
(8) You should get a window with "Unrevoked 3" on it (on the computer of course). Just follow the instructions in smaller font below "Unrevoked 3" to finish rooting. Note that when it says "Waiting for device", it wants you to plug your Evo into the computer via the USB cable. Note that it wants the Evo to be fully booted normally (not in the Hboot or recovery menus). The prompts at this point are very specific so no need to repeat them. If all works as it is supposed to, the only thing you really have to do is scroll to an item on the phone and select it when instructed. The rest is automated and should result in a "Done" message. The whole thing at this point took maybe one minute so it isn't something you have to wait for or stare at for a long time so if something gets "stuck" for a while... there's likely a problem.
(9) Don't forget to turn your anti-virus software back ON.
Now, when I followed these steps on my Win7 x64 system, reflash.exe detected the phone and started working (we're in step 8 here) but about 4 messages into the process I got the "communications lost... try again" message that unrevoked refers to on today's Twitter. Some say that (contrary to step 1) installing HTC sync actually solves the problem. I didn't try that. After about 6 tries on my Win7 system and even pulling some "tricks" to try to pause reflash.exe at certain points, I gave up and simply booted my old XP laptop and repeated the above steps and it worked perfectly the first time. At the point of the failure, you hear the two tone usb-device-disconnected sound followed by a use-device-connected sound about 20 seconds later. Somewhere in between is where the "communications lost" message appears so it looks like some sort of USB ack/nack issue. Hopefully it'll be resolved soon. My best advice if you get that error: try a new machine. The XP machine that worked perfectly for me had never seen any HTC software. Maybe that helped. And maybe after I uninstalled the HTC software on my Win7 x64 system (the one that didn't work) I should have rebooted before continuing: I didn't because it didn't prompt for a restart and I couldn't find anything "HTC" running in task manager.
****Third set of instructions****
http://www.androidpolice.com/2010/0...tc-droid-incredible-explanation-instructions/
*******READ BELOW FIRST BEFORE GOING TO WEB SITE ABOVE********
Alright here is the web site that you need to follow. First of all make sure you have USB DEBUGGING checked on you phone and UNKNOWN SOURCES is checked as well.
To do this go to Settings-->Applications--> check UNKNOWN SOURCES, then right below that click development and check USB DEBUGGING.
Now this is just as important you HAVE to uninstall any program that automatically comes up when you plug in your android phone (HTC Sync, DoubleTwist or any other program). If you do not do this it will not work. Trust me it took me 3 hours to figure this out but once i uninstalled these two programs it worked the first time. So if you follow all of the directions on the web site it will work without a hitch.
Go ahead and go to the web site and read it over one good time without doing anything JUST READ IT! When you do that come back and read the rest.......Go on read it but just read it don't do anything else till you read the rest of this email
You will need to do the steps below to get the app for wireless tether so you can do it before or after you install the directions from the web site above.
1. Now go back to you internet browser on your phone and pull up google.
2. Type in "android wifi tether" and click search.
3. The first option that comes up after the search called "android wifi tether - Project Hosting..."
4. Select the first option and let it take you to the web site.
5. Now the page will pull up and look for where it says "HTC Evo" under device and just to the right of that
you will see a link that says "download" click download.
6. Now click the link that says "wireless tether for root users 2.0.2.apk.
7. Click on "wireless tether for root users 2.0.2.apk" again.
8. Now click "wireless_tether_2_0_5-pre2.apk" and let it install.
Those are the instructions for the actual app that will turn on the tethering.
When you go to the web site above you will need to follow the steps from where it says "instructions"
First download the software fromunrevoked.com for your hero or evo to your computers desktop, then make a new folder on your desktop and put the app that you downloaded from unrevoked.com and put it in there because that is where all of the files will extract too when you run the unrevoked program.
Second you will need to install the drivers, on the web site click on the install drivers hyper link and it will take you to the web site to download the drivers again just make a new folder on your desktop and extract the files into it, it is very simple if you just take it slow and follow the directions.
After you install the drivers you will run the reflash package inside the folder that you made on your desktop when you do that it will extract the files and you will finally run the application on your computer called ReFlash. Try plugging your phone in first and then running the program or vise versa. Let the app do its thing and follow instructions on the programs screen. When it finally says Done your phone will be on a screen that you have never seen before but you will want to click on the first option with the power button that says restart phone. (or whatever the first option is it should say restart). You will see in your apps on your phone a app called superuser permissions. That is what you want to see to know if it worked. Once that is there run the wifi tether app that i showed you how to install earlier.
The web site above has some very good help forums but to be honest this is very simple to do just take your time and if you have any computer skills at all and can follow instructions you can do this.
So, since it is root instructions, is he selling a method that would void the warranty?
Ok so I picked up my Droid X about a month ago and haven't been able to put this thing down, I never thought about rooting it because it did everything I needed/wanted it to do, then one day I log into my car forum and all the OT guys are posting cool print screen's of their phones. I was intrigued, so I rooted my phone and have been trying to figure out a few things but I'm not really up on the terminology and/or logic behind doing certain things. I would greatly appreciate any help in regards to explaining the following:
1) Rooting - Takes off restrictions on the phone so that developer apps can be installed... Is there more to this or is that pretty much it?
2) Flashing - I see this term often but I'm not sure what it is exactly, I tried installing a theme once and the directions said to flash something somewhere and looked at it the same way my dog looks at me while I'm working out at home.. lol
3) ROM - !?
4) apk's - What are they, what do they do, and how do you install them!?
5) Installing themes - I'm thinking has to do with all of the above...
6) Locating and moving downloaded content...
7) How do all of these things tie together? I'm completely clueless as to what does what on the phone and would like to become as knowledgeable as I was when the iPhone first came out and I figured out how to jailbreak/unlock it...
As a reward for your time and effort I leave you Final Fantasy VII fan's with a cool wallpaper I found at work today.. Thanks for any/all input and again, your time is most appreciated!!
Initial GT3 said:
Ok so I picked up my Droid X about a month ago and haven't been able to put this thing down, I never thought about rooting it because it did everything I needed/wanted it to do, then one day I log into my car forum and all the OT guys are posting cool print screen's of their phones. I was intrigued, so I rooted my phone and have been trying to figure out a few things but I'm not really up on the terminology and/or logic behind doing certain things. I would greatly appreciate any help in regards to explaining the following:
1) Rooting - Takes off restrictions on the phone so that developer apps can be installed... Is there more to this or is that pretty much it?
2) Flashing - I see this term often but I'm not sure what it is exactly, I tried installing a theme once and the directions said to flash something somewhere and looked at it the same way my dog looks at me while I'm working out at home.. lol
3) ROM - !?
4) apk's - What are they, what do they do, and how do you install them!?
5) Installing themes - I'm thinking has to do with all of the above...
6) Locating and moving downloaded content...
7) How do all of these things tie together? I'm completely clueless as to what does what on the phone and would like to become as knowledgeable as I was when the iPhone first came out and I figured out how to jailbreak/unlock it...
As a reward for your time and effort I leave you Final Fantasy VII fan's with a cool wallpaper I found at work today.. Thanks for any/all input and again, your time is most appreciated!!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
First off- that is a lot to bite off as an opener. lol. I have to get in a minute- plus I am a newb as well but here a couple of things...
1) You sound pretty on track. Root gives you access to more options with your phone. It also voids your warranty.
2) Flashing. A term used loosely. Normally it is used in conjunction with "flashing a rom". It simply means to install something (basically).
3) Rom. It is the image (not in the photo-graphical sense) that is embedded/burned on your phones hard drive with all the information of your operating system. For instance: you are on the stock 2.2 ota "rom". But you could "flash" the new "AOSP rom" that was just released. That means you would be removing the factory image that came on your phone and replacing it with a modified image. Theme's and .apk's -those are not "burned" into the phone. If you do a factory reset- those will be wiped. The rom image stays put. If you flash from 2.2 ota to AOSP and then did a factory reset- you would not return to the original state your phone came from Motorola bc that image is completely removed and replaced by the new image you flash. Instead you would return to a clean AOSP.
4) .apk's - .apk is simply the name of the file extension used for android applications. I came from Windows Mobile and they were called .cabs. So any app can be referred to as an .apk. You can download an apk from XDA, place it on your sdcard, tap the file, and i think you will be prompted with "do you want to install" (some where along those lines). There is a setting in the "Settings" that allows you to install 3rd party (non-market) .apk's.
5)Installing themes. This refers to modifying the images (and this time I do mean in the graphic sense) of certain .apk's and other whatchamajiggies. You can install a simple theme that just changes your lockscreen, or you can install a huge theme that changes almost every part of every image so the entire phone looks similar. Here is the tricky part about using themes- your phone has to be deodexed.
deodexed. When you get your phone all of the system files come with a few different parts to them. One of those parts is an odexed file. Apparently the theme building types do not like working with these files so they run this process called de-odexing in which all of the system files are somehow manipulated in a way where they no longer need their odex file. So you end up "de-odexed". There is a program called "xultimate 2.2" that enables regular folk like you and me to deodex our phones. I tried running it yesterday and it errored out on me. So I used another method that worked fine. There are some threads on here about deodexing- if you want themes you will have to do it.
6) locating and moving downloaded content. When you have root you can get Root Explorer from the market. I am sure there are other good file exploreres- but I can't speak to them- I use Root Explorer. As far as locating downloaded content- whenever I download something from my phone, it always (normally) goes to /sdcard/downloads. If it is not there, I guess you just do a search for it. If you want to move it- long press the item, copy, move.
And you will need to google "ADB" (android device bridge). Many of these activities will require the use of ADB. You plug in your phone through USB (make sure phone settings are set to "USB debugging") and... well there is just way to much on this one. Google this one and you will find a lot of stuff- or search it here on XDA
have a great weekend. got to go.
PLEASE NOTE THAT I HAVEN'T CREATED THIS SOFTWARE. I AM JUST SHARING IT.
I REQUEST YOU DON'T CLOSE THE THREAD PLEASE.
Hello Everybody,
I am just sharing this app for rooting any Android...
It works for my Sony Xperia SP even without flashing with DoomLord's Method.
But The Only Problem of this Application is that it's in chinese
The Superuser which comes after rooting is also in Chinese but it will 100% root your phone
Please make a backup of your nandroid before using it..
I will not be responsible for any bricking, I have tested the software myself and currently using it. If your device is bricked and you pointed on me, I will laugh at you.
READ THE STEPS CAREFULLY..
Steps :
1. Extract the .rar file and install the software (I know it's chinese but please try to Understand)
2. Make sure your Internet Connection is ON and star the Software.
3. Turn on USB Debugging and Unknown Resources from your phone.
4. Connect your phone to your PC and If the PC Companion is troubling you, then close it.
5. Then it will take some time to install drivers automatically and when the bottom right button of the software turns grey to Green, click on it.
6. It will take some time so be patient.
7. Then after some time your phone will restart. (It may take some time to start, dont worry)
8. Then check the superuser app (Blue Shield Icon) and grant the permissions (if asked).
9. Your Phone is Successfully ROOTED!!
Steps for Unrooting your phone:
1. Turn on USB Debugging and Unknown Resources from your phone.
2. Connect your phone to your PC.
3. Start The VRoot Software.
4. It will detect the phone a another window will come.
5. Click on the Green Tab Button located at the bottom right of the window.
6. Then Your Phone will restart.
7. You have successfully Unrooted your phone.
CHECK WITH ROOT CHECKER IF YOU HAVE ROOTED OR UNROOTED.
DOWNLOAD LINK :- MOD EDIT: link removed
IT ALSO WORKS FOR MANY TABLETS AND PHONES..
ALL THE BEST!!..
PLEASE MODERATORS I BEG YOU DON'T CLOSE THIS THREAD..
The other thread have been closed due to security issues and XDA want to do some research about these apps to root our and many others.
However this was a month ago? And we have no answer what so ever.
I kindly ask you to remove the OP because it will be closed by one of the mods.
mrjraider said:
The other thread have been closed due to security issues and XDA want to do some research about these apps to root our and many others.
However this was a month ago? And we have no answer what so ever.
I kindly ask you to remove the OP because it will be closed by one of the mods.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
OK Please @mrjraider you by yourself close the thread. Cause I can't do it myself...
THE THREAD IS CLOSED...
The fact that this is an executable application is making me think it's fake most root creators like @DooMLoRD use a batch file for rooting this executable is perfect for hiding malicious apk's
I rooted my device via this option, but my phone decided to randomly reboot every now and then, so had to go back to stock and root via doomlords method, No problems for me now
But yea this thread/links need to be removed as its not 100% safe to use this method
samarth05 said:
PLEASE NOTE THAT I HAVEN'T CREATED THIS SOFTWARE. I AM JUST SHARING IT.
I REQUEST YOU DON'T CLOSE THE THREAD PLEASE.
PLEASE MODERATORS I BEG YOU DON'T CLOSE THIS THREAD..
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If you don't know what the software does then please do not share it.
This software has been shown to record imei numbers and send them to a remote server.
As of receiving this from Kingo
Hey, Merry Christmas!
Once we received your letter, we realized the seriousness of this whole IMEI issue and we removed it from our code right away.
Best Regards,
Kingosoft.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Kingo is now allowed.
You can try that.
We have had no contact form vroot.
Thread closed
Hello all, I found a method to Root and get a custom recovery on our cricket variant, no donations required! You need to find a copy of sugar qct with a username and password, I don't remember exactly where I found it but it shouldn't be too difficult to find. Then you need to let it update to the latest build, which includes the programmer for our phone. If you don't see 6055u in the list it's not up to date. From there, Hook up your phone (may need to manually put it in download mode. Press upgrade and then navigate to the install directory, look in /bin and find where it downloads all the mbm files. Replace the one that starts with an r with the TWRP recovery for 6055. You may have to overwrite it multiple times during the process. If you did it correctly you will be able to boot into TWRP, if not try again. If you don't close sugar I believe it won't overwrite the firmware files, but I haven't messed with it much. I will try to write a tool to make it easier when I have the time but I'm pretty busy. Feel free to pm me with any questions and I will help the best I can.
To get root just install supersu
F
dbgr said:
Hello all, I found a method to Root and get a custom recovery on our cricket variant, no donations required! You need to find a copy of sugar qct with a username and password, I don't remember exactly where I found it but it shouldn't be too difficult to find. Then you need to let it update to the latest build, which includes the programmer for our phone. If you don't see 6055u in the list it's not up to date. From there, Hook up your phone (may need to manually put it in download mode. Press upgrade and then navigate to the install directory, look in /bin and find where it downloads all the mbm files. Replace the one that starts with an r with the TWRP recovery for 6055. You may have to overwrite it multiple times during the process. If you did it correctly you will be able to boot into TWRP, if not try again. If you don't close sugar I believe it won't overwrite the firmware files, but I haven't messed with it much. I will try to write a tool to make it easier when I have the time but I'm pretty busy. Feel free to pm me with any questions and I will help the best I can.
To get root just install supersu
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Did a Google search for "sugar qct" and I see a couple of million hits for "The Sugar Act"... :laugh:
Tried Root Genius, and it, of course doesn't work...
If you happen to find a link for the app or method you stated, I would be eternally grateful... My lovely wife and I upgraded our phones to the Cricket 6055U, and, since, while not an Android developer, per se, can find my way around the device without being scared off...
So, with due respect, I'd ask if you have the app or name correct?
Thanks, friend, and best respect.
--- edit ---
Oops... was premature... found it and am giving it a try... I'll post my results after I give it a shot...
http://forum.gsmhosting.com/vbb/f606/vf-895n-smart-prime-6-stock-rom-flash-tool-2033867/
This should help with setting up sugar. The only difference here is to update it and you also need a username and password that I don't have on me at the moment. It will be a few hours until I get home but I will update asap.
Edit: nevermind lol, good luck friend. You may need a decent battery percentage as well
pauljulian said:
F
Did a Google search for "sugar qct" and I see a couple of million hits for "The Sugar Act"... :laugh:
Tried Root Genius, and it, of course doesn't work...
If you happen to find a link for the app or method you stated, I would be eternally grateful... My lovely wife and I upgraded our phones to the Cricket 6055U, and, since, while not an Android developer, per se, can find my way around the device without being scared off...
So, with due respect, I'd ask if you have the app or name correct?
Thanks, friend, and best respect.
--- edit ---
Oops... was premature... found it and am giving it a try... I'll post my results after I give it a shot...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
----- edit 2 -----
OK... apparently I'm an idiot... Running Windows 10 Pro, and the installer says it's going to install to an appropriate folder on C:\... yet, trying to find it, it really is weird.... I'm going to try on a VMWare Win 7 virtual PC, and see if I'm able to find it there, and move it to my actual C: drive...
If it works, I'll be grateful for your contribution and praise you to the highest heaven! :laugh:
pauljulian said:
----- edit 2 -----
OK... apparently I'm an idiot... Running Windows 10 Pro, and the installer says it's going to install to an appropriate folder on C:\... yet, trying to find it, it really is weird.... I'm going to try on a VMWare Win 7 virtual PC, and see if I'm able to find it there, and move it to my actual C: drive...
If it works, I'll be grateful for your contribution and praise you to the highest heaven! :laugh:
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Can't seem to get the beast to work...
If you would be so kind, would there be any way you'd be able to write up a concise step-by-step thing, if you've made it work... I've got the .chm file open on my desktop, and have spent a few hours trying to make it work to no avail.
Again, if it worked for you, your process would be welcome.
Cricket Alcatel Idol 4, 6055U
---------- Post added at 03:36 PM ---------- Previous post was at 02:40 PM ----------
pauljulian said:
Can't seem to get the beast to work...
If you would be so kind, would there be any way you'd be able to write up a concise step-by-step thing, if you've made it work... I've got the .chm file open on my desktop, and have spent a few hours trying to make it work to no avail.
Again, if it worked for you, your process would be welcome.
Cricket Alcatel Idol 4, 6055U
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
My point is that the site recommended seems to insist on Lollipop on the small beast... and there doesn't seem to be a recommendation for the .bin files, and, when installing on Win 10, it seems to install the Sugar app into some directory on my C: drive that is really not that accessible... Did it using a VMWare Win 7 32-bit virtual, and was able to access the directory, copy and paste to my regular C: drive (old Windows geek since Win 3.11... and DOS 3), and it seemed to run... (of course, running as Administrator), but it really doesn't seem to work for me... Again, I freely admit that I'm likely not doing something right, but even after some research and the included .chm file, I seem to be missing something.
Again, and begging your indulgence for seeming like a noob or a rube, but if I'm not making it happen, I rather think that the tips would be lost on someone for whom this is their first Android device...
Kinda frustrating, as, even though I've been a tech-support guy and database developer for more than 30 years, this thing has me stymied...
I found it fascinating for the *#*# command, earlier, from another noble soul, and, obviously, I also found that the device as configured says, basically... "Don't give a damn... you can turn this sucker on, but as soon as you exit this menu, I'm gonna turn it off again."
Just a little frustrating, and it seems that most of the tips and tricks elsewhere seem to be thinking that new owners of the 6055U are running Lollipop.... aaarrrgggghhh....
If it needs Lollipop to work, and if there's a relatively painless way to downgrade, and then upgrade from a ROM, I'm good with that... the Idol 3 seemed to require that, and it worked well for me, with just an evening's work. This one? Cricket seems to have had a warped sense of humor about it... I seriously dig the device, and, since my Idol 3 broke, and my lovely wife's LG G-Stylo (which was a pain in the ass, and next-to-impossible to root, and then be just perpetually stuck at the logo screen with an unfixable boot loop, if one screwed it up, and just required sending the beast back to LG, as long as one took out Cricket's warranty plan... <sigh>), we took the plunge on this one...
Not much for which I require root, but, since I spent good money on some legit apps (and lucked into a few ... ahem... not legit apps that worked for me), these things require root... I know there's a way to do it, and the Sugar app seems promising, but, mildly autistic guy that I am (and 60 years old, with a memory that doesn't work as it used to), a slimmed-down step-by-step doc would be helpful... should some noble soul put such together...
Apparently, the root method has worked for at least one member here.... But this weird old Jewish hippie doesn't see the mental diagram....
Any help would be welcome, my friends and mishpocheh... ("dear family" --- been here enough years, albeit a relatively quiet member, that y'all might as well be family... )
Hey everyone, sorry about the confusion. I installed on Windows 10 pro with no issues. As far as the page I linked you can disregard everything but the app itself. The update that downloads is marshmallow, and I've had no issues overwriting the latest version. I may have gotten sugar from a different location though, as soon as I get a chance I will do a better write up with everything. A helpful way to find the install directory would be right click on the shortcut from the start menu and click find Target / open file location. If it brings you to the folder with the shortcuts do it again and you will have the install directory. The app should be in (install dir)/tool and the downloaded updates go in (install dir)/bin under a folder that only shows up once you start the process within sugar. I will try to compile the information into a more user friendly format tonight but I can't make any promises on that.
Also just to clarify, I didn't use any chm file
I'm wondering if you could upload your version you have on your pc. I just spent the last month in jail here in Orlando fighting a case and the only proof I've got is on my phone on a phone that I deleted my videos on. I really need the videos back too get a not guilty if I gotta pay for it it's cool but I'm out on bond and all the recover videos apps require root
I got this to work last night. Typed up some instructions but didn't get them posted. They're on my PC at home and I'm at work.
Basically use the copy of sugar in the download package in this thread and then start it and let it update https://forum.xda-developers.com/android/development/recovery-vodafone-prime-tab-7-t3548560
Those are the basic instructions too except we don't need to swap out bout and use the TWRP from deckersu thread.
Once flashed it'll automatically reboot. I found you had to make sure you caught this and booted into TWRP right away don't let the phone boot. Then transfer SuperSU in TWRP and flash.
---------- Post added at 11:29 AM ---------- Previous post was at 11:23 AM ----------
Asadullah said:
I'm wondering if you could upload your version you have on your pc. I just spent the last month in jail here in Orlando fighting a case and the only proof I've got is on my phone on a phone that I deleted my videos on. I really need the videos back too get a not guilty if I gotta pay for it it's cool but I'm out on bond an ind all the recover videos apps require root
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
FYI this root method wipes your phone so I don't know if this will help your situation or not.
In sugar there is an option to not wipe, it's under session settings or something to that effect
dbgr said:
In sugar there is an option to not wipe, it's under session settings or something to that effect
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Wish I had noticed that!! Oh well, stoked to have root and it's good to start fresh. Got Xposed installed today and finally got that annoying charging light turned off. Working on getting wifi tetherng working. Then if I can figure out how to get the dialer to be friends with Google voice this phone will have all its annoyance fixed
Thanks so much for figuring this out and sharing!!
dbgr said:
In sugar there is an option to not wipe, it's under session settings or something to that effect
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Appreciate the help
woodi5359 said:
https://forum.xda-developers.com/android/development/recovery-vodafone-prime-tab-7-t3548560.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thank you for finding this thread, it is the same one I found but I couldn't remember where it was the other day when I started this thread. Hopefully this will help the people who have been having issues, although I will admit a more painless method would be preferable. I'm currently working on modifying a dirtycow exploit to simply flash the recovery and reboot into twrp, if I get it to work I will zip it all up and post it here.
woodi5359 said:
Wish I had noticed that!! Oh well, stoked to have root and it's good to start fresh. Got Xposed installed today and finally got that annoying charging light turned off. Working on getting wifi tetherng working. Then if I can figure out how to get the dialer to be friends with Google voice this phone will have all its annoyance fixed
Thanks so much for figuring this out and sharing!!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I got wifi tethering working I did a lot of things but I believe that did it was adding net.tethering.noprovisioning=true to my build.prop then I went into system/app and changed serviceentitlement.apk into serviceentitlement.oat using es file Explorer
Asadullah said:
I got wifi tethering working I did a lot of things but I believe that did it was adding net.tethering.noprovisioning=true to my build.prop then I went into system/app and changed serviceentitlement.apk into serviceentitlement.oat using es file Explorer
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I just tested this and it indeed does work. Great find friend!
Asadullah said:
I got wifi tethering working I did a lot of things but I believe that did it was adding net.tethering.noprovisioning=true to my build.prop then I went into system/app and changed serviceentitlement.apk into serviceentitlement.oat using es file Explorer
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks for figuring this out!!! I'd been messing with it for a few days. The renaming the apk to .oat was the piece I was missing. That and a reboot got it working!!
dbgr said:
Hello all, I found a method to Root and get a custom recovery on our cricket variant, no donations required! You need to find a copy of sugar qct with a username and password, I don't remember exactly where I found it but it shouldn't be too difficult to find. Then you need to let it update to the latest build, which includes the programmer for our phone. If you don't see 6055u in the list it's not up to date. From there, Hook up your phone (may need to manually put it in download mode. Press upgrade and then navigate to the install directory, look in /bin and find where it downloads all the mbm files. Replace the one that starts with an r with the TWRP recovery for 6055. You may have to overwrite it multiple times during the process. If you did it correctly you will be able to boot into TWRP, if not try again. If you don't close sugar I believe it won't overwrite the firmware files, but I haven't messed with it much. I will try to write a tool to make it easier when I have the time but I'm pretty busy. Feel free to pm me with any questions and I will help the best I can.
To get root just install supersu
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
so im getting ready to purchase this device so there is root and twrp for it or no
Dude, did you read the thread at all? I don't mind helping but you gotta do your part. Yes there is TWRP and Root
dbgr said:
Hello all, I found a method to Root and get a custom recovery on our cricket variant, no donations required! You need to find a copy of sugar qct with a username and password, I don't remember exactly where I found it but it shouldn't be too difficult to find. Then you need to let it update to the latest build, which includes the programmer for our phone. If you don't see 6055u in the list it's not up to date. From there, Hook up your phone (may need to manually put it in download mode. Press upgrade and then navigate to the install directory, look in /bin and find where it downloads all the mbm files. Replace the one that starts with an r with the TWRP recovery for 6055. You may have to overwrite it multiple times during the process. If you did it correctly you will be able to boot into TWRP, if not try again. If you don't close sugar I believe it won't overwrite the firmware files, but I haven't messed with it much. I will try to write a tool to make it easier when I have the time but I'm pretty busy. Feel free to pm me with any questions and I will help the best I can.
To get root just install supersu
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
do you hold volume down when it reboots
link22534 said:
do you hold volume down when it reboots
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It's volume up and power